PREVENTION AND MITIGATION Of EARTHQUAKE

1. Introduction for the study

An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. At the Earth's surface, earthquakes manifest themselves by vibration, shaking and sometimes displacement of the ground. The vibrations may vary in magnitude. Earthquakes are caused mostly by slippage within geological faults, but also by other events such as volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear tests. The underground point of origin of the earthquake is called the focus. The point directly above the focus on the surface is called the epicenter. Earthquakes by themselves rarely kill people or wildlife. It is usually the secondary events that they trigger, such as building collapse, fires, tsunamis (seismic sea waves) and volcanoes that are actually the human disaster.

2. Need for the study

Earthquake management can be divided into two phases: pre-earthquake and post-earthquake that is more dividable into: preparedness, mitigation, prevention, relief and rescue, rehabilitation and reconstruction. The aim of this research is to try to learn some lessons from the past earthquakes especially in four sections: role of community, medical care and public health, damage survey and reconstruction and Socio-economical consequences. And better construction, safety systems, early warning and evacuation planning can save life and property at the time of earthquakes.

3. Objectives of the study

1. To study Earthquake vulnerability.

2. To discuss the possible losses by earthquake and their management. 3. To mention Earthquake Management measures.

4. Scope of the study

1. The findings can be used to implement earthquake management plans. 2. It can be useful to increase awareness level in people regarding earthquake. 3. The Disaster Management Plan can be useful to minimize the loss, whenever earthquake strikes in future.

5. Methodology and database

Research by Survey & Secondary Data

6. Limitations of the study

1. The research is conducted for academic purposes so it might have ignored some practical aspects. 2. The study period and resources are limited.