A Roadmap

ITU-T Recommendation. Y.2001:

A Next Generation Network (NGN) is a packet-based network able to provide Telecommunication Services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies. It enables unfettered access for users and networks to competing service providers and/or services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users

Generalized Mobility Unfettered Access Separation Services with Transport QoS-enabled Transport Multiple-Broadband

Convergence btw. Fixed & Mobile Any Device Scenario Architecture and Open API Manageable Broadband

Packet-based network Voice, Data Multimedia Services Separation of service, control, media and access

Quick introduction of new services

NGN
Multi-vendor interoperability

Open interfaces

Services

Transport
Access

Separation between Services and Transport

Independence between Access and Services

Generalized Mobility with Broadband capability Packet based network support QoS and Security Control - Session based

Service Layer

Service A

Service B

Open interfaces

Control Layer

SIP
Management

Databases

Separated control

NB Wireless

H.248

QoS Mechanism

BB Wireless

IP/MPLS Transport Core

BB Wireline

Usage Measurement

Access Layer

FMC

Transport Layer
5

Operator 1

Operator 2

Merged Application, Control and Media Transport Planes

>
> >

Three-Party model : the call is a network service

Quality of Service (QoS) guaranteed by resource reservation, state maintenance, and proper network dimensioning Universal reach through interconnection agreements at service level and a universal naming for the telephony service Charging related to the amount of used service

>

AS Operator 1 Operator 2

AS

Separate Application, Control and Transport Planes

Two-Party model: communication applications hosted by end-users > QoS at transport level ensured following explicit user requests > Interconnection agreements limited to transport: universal reach per application ensured by proper naming and Server Interconnection > Charging related to amount of transported data
>

Should borrow the best from

Telephony : service offer with associated revenues Internet : flexibility and openness towards new applications

>

Three key properties of a converged next generation network

Network services: centered around person to person communication

Provide the essential revenue stream to network operators Ensure end users capability of using new applications and services

Broadband access: Always-on in native packet mode

Other Applications and Services: offered by 3rd party providers

Brokered by the network operator with QoS guarantee or... Accessed by end user as in Internet mode without service guarantee

Wireless

Internet Mobile

Fixed Network

Convergences MPLS Core

Broadcasting

Others Cable TV

ICT

Any Combination of Services

Any Service, Any Device, Anywhere Speed to Market Centralization of Operations

Voice Services

Data Services

Video Services

ETSIs Migration Path to IMS Step 1 Telephony Softswitch solution

Introduction Telephony Softswitches
Cost reduction through the modernization of the ageing circuit switched network. Separates call control from connectivity Lowers CAPEX and OPEX

Step 2 Softswitch / IMS solution

Roll out of IMS
Introduces IMS alongside Softswitch Allows introduction of new SIP based services Increases services revenues and customer base

Step 3 Full IMS telephony solution

Introduction of IMS Access Gateways
Softswitches upgraded to telephony servers to enable full-IMS Introduction of IMS telephony gradually to replace legacy

25
14

Circuit Switched (CS) domain

MAP

MSCVLR
A1/A2/A5 MAP BTS BSC/PCF

G-MSC PSTN/ISDN

PSTN/ISDN

MAP

SCP
A10/A11

HLR

SMS SC

other PLMN

IS95A/B/1x Base Station System

PDSN

IP backbone Network

HA

Pi

Internet Intranet

AAA

Packet Switched (PS) domain Radio Access Network Core Network Interworked Network

SCPe
MAP BTS BSC A1

HLRe
MAP

MSCe
A2

SIP-T

MSCe other PLMN

Legacy BSS

A1 p

H.248 / MEGACO based

H.248 / MEGACO based

A2 p BTS BSC A10/A11

MGW

IP transport

MGW

PSTN/ISDN

ALL-IP BSS

PDSN

IP backbone Network

HA

Pi

Internet Intranet

AAA

Access Network

Packet Data System Core Network

Interworked Network

IP Multimedia Domain
Application Server HSS BGCF
Diameter SIP BTS BSC PCF SIP

Other IP/ IMS Network

CSCF PDF MRF

MGCF
H.248

A
ALL-IP RAN

MGW Legacy/ PSTN

IP Multimedia System AGW HA

Packet Data System

Access Network

Core Network

Interworking Network

Trends say it all

Tariff Customers
PSTN
There is a need to keep network costs as low as possible Mobile Traffic is increasing but is shared between many operators

Returns
Traffic Customers O&M Effort O&M Cost
Mobile, Internet
Data traffic showing growth primarily with Broadband access Broadband access emerging as the key demand on all type of user terminals

Retention of customers by offering new products and services rapidly

Generation of new revenue streams to increase the overall revenue from the existing subscriber base and improve ARPU

Reduction in O&M cost by way of centralization of O&M effort as far as possible

Adoption of converged network and services in line with the global trends

Converged Network Promises generation of New Revenue Streams as well as savings in CAPEX and OPEX as Network is Service Agnostic

Operator Ends up having a Network which does not offer any Services on its own
Essentially Service Provider is a 3rd Party

Operator can diversify into New Roles like Data Hosting , Wholesale Service Provider, Network or Infrastructure Provider

New Network roll out is CAPEX intensive The rollout strategy must ensure simultaneous roll out of New Services that can generate Revenue (Funds) for migration of whole network to NGN

It has a Multi Vendor network

BSNL offers all types of Services, e.g. Fixed, Wireless, Broadband

This makes a case for going to Converged Network like NGN

Vendors have different migration plans Network Operations and Database Management need to be strengthened

There is an opportunity to diversify into New Roles like Data Hosting , Wholesale Service Provider, Network and Infrastructure Provider

Customer churn out can increase in absence of new offerings New Services roll out and Migration / Replacement of Legacy Network need to be planned simultaneously

Presence-driven Services

Find-Me, Follow Me

LocationBased Services

Consumer Services

Enterprise Integration

Converged VPN

Alerting Services (Weather, Traffic)

Games

Enterprise & Small Business Services

Custom Ringback Tone

Push To Talk

Commerce

Multimedia

Instant Messaging

Voice & Data Pre--Paid

Voice & Data Post-Paid

Wholesale Services
Voice Internet Data

Micro Payments

Video

31

Current fixed line broadband does not offer mobility or nomadism

Solution required for offering Generalized Mobility

QoS when unfettered access is available has to be made more broad based Multiple access methods for BB access need to be integrated
Fixed, Wireless, Mobile, Satellite BB access

Services determine Bandwidth requirements

Choice of right mix of services and access methods need to be weighed to make the subscriber offerings

32

Bandwidth Requirements
Service Broadcast TV (MPEG-2) HDTV (MPEG-4) PPV or NVoD VoD Picture in Picture (MPEG-2) Bandwidth (downstream) 2 to 6Mb/s 6 to 12Mb/s 2 to 6Mb/s 2 to 6Mb/s up to 12Mb/s QoS Requirement Parameterized Parameterized Prioritized Prioritized Parameterized

PVR
Interactive TV High-speed Internet Video Conferencing Voice/Video Telephony

2 to 6Mb/s
up to 3Mb/s 3 to 10Mb/s 300 to 750Kb/s 64 to 750Kb/s

Prioritized
Best effort Best effort Prioritized Prioritized

34

Access Network Technologies

1Gb/s

FTTH: EPON, GPON 100Mb/s: VDSL2 20Mb/s:VDSL2, ADSL2+ FTTC/B: FLC, EPON, GPON FTTN: FLC, EPON, GPON

100Mb/s

Data Rate

Triple Play Service

10Mb/s

10Mb/s: VDSL, ADSL2

1Mb/s

optical fiber copper

1Mb/s: ADSL

High Speed Internet

10m

100m

1km

10km

Distance from Subscriber

35

Internet Data Center

Ethernet over RPR

Data Center

Ethernet over Fiber

Data Center Internet

Ethernet over SDH/DWDM

Extension of Quality of Service

Meaningful QoS for Multimedia over Convergences

Quality of Personalization

Quality of Security

Quality of Mobility

Quality of Media

One-stop Service Service AAA Personalized service Open/Control

Network AAA;
Terminal, User, Mobility, Access etc.

RT Mobility control Service Continuity control Security support

End-End QoS QoS Monitoring Service Policy handover

39

Facilitating contents delivery over various convergence situation Supporting Mobility, Seamless handover etc. Minimizing Terminal and Network processing Identity Processing (multiple identity requirements) in Converged Environment

40

User ID

Customer ID

Service ID

Comm. ID
Content Owner ID Provider ID

Mobile Phone Nr

Family 1

Fixed Phone Nr

Media ID

Session ID
TCP/UDP Port ID IP Address ATM/Ether net ID MAC ID E.164 ID

User Id: Earth-IndiaMan:APJ -19yy-mm-dd

- Certified by ITU -

Family 2

WiFi WiBro Id Cable/ IPTV Id Internet Id

Family 3

Line ID

Family 4

41

HSS, AS and other service appln component

OSS

NOC
Performance Fault Monitoring Provisioning
Part of NIB-II

CSCF

GMSC + SGSN GSM Network MGW

SPDF + ARACF

MGCF +AGCF
SG

GGSN MG PSTN Network MG MG

SSSC
AAA + LDAP Core IP/MPLS Network

Broadband NOC Access Broadband Multiplay N/w

Converged Network Architecture

APPLICATIONS
Residential & Corporate Broadband Gaming & Multimedia IPTV / VoD mCommerc e& Advertising VoIP Ring Back tone CUG Services

NOC
OSS
Performance Fault Monitoring Provisioning
EMS NMS Probes

Session Control

Session Manager

Centralized Databases

Transport

Optical Transport Network Core IP/MPLS Network

Softswitch

Access

Access
Voice VOD IPTV Internet

Gateway Controller WiFi Hotspots

GSM/CDMA HSDPA /EV-DO WiMax

Corporate / SOHO / Home

Devices

Customer LAN & Soft Phone

Video Conference High speed Internet

IPphones

Phone
SDTV/ HDTV High speed Internet

Policy driven
Dynamic control of any aspect of routing and forwarding from layer above

Performance
Performance for real time traffic

QoS/SLA guarantees
End to end scalable QoS It should provide isolation among various traffic classes. Real time & non real time service support One to one, one to many and many to many communications support Should support various types of traffic.

Security Safeguards against security as per standards

Availability Five 9s availability

Flexibility Adherence to open interfaces for evolution and customization is necessary. OAM Connectivity and fault localization to be supported like in SDH, to be carrier class

Scalability These networks shall be large is size hence scaling to high traffic volumes shall be essential

46

There may be a need to regulate contents in the context of NGN. Responsibility of network provider relating to content carried on the network be limited to identify the source of the content generation as long as it is provided by content providers Bulk selling and virtual network operations in the context of NGN needs to be considered Service providers should have full flexibility to have mutually agreed SLAs to provide end-to-end QoS for various applications

There will be need to have interconnect exchanges for exchange of IP traffic in NGN environment. However, it is recommended that the modalities of functioning of such exchange may be decided at appropriate time Present restrictions of setting up switching centers within the licensed area may be re-looked. Service providers may be provided flexibility to set up switching centers and transmission centers based on requirement anywhere within India de-linking from licensed area concept and do interconnection at least at one point in each licensed area Mandatory interconnection between telecom networks should continue. However, all NGN service providers should ensure interconnection to all existing telecom service providers by putting suitable equipments for providing interconnection to existing service providers

A committee may be formed under the aegis of Telecom Engineering Center (TEC) to work out country specific NGN standards and develop interface approval mechanism for NGN equipments to ensure smooth inter-operability subsequently Emergency number dialing from IP telephony subscribers be mandated, however, methodologies of such implementation be left to service providers Authentication of calling and called party identification be mandated, however, its implementation be left to individual service providers

Two NGN operators are to be interconnected through Session Border Controller (SBC), having support for different physical interfaces. All the interfaces should be provided with adequate redundancy with no single point of failure for that device
The Session Border Controller (SBC) may be a standalone separate device or SBC functionalities may be achieved through softswitch NGN and traditional PSTN/PLMN are to be interconnected through Media Gateway and Signalling Gateway

TEC is to prepare Interface Requirement (IR) for connectivity between two NGN networks The following standards based signalling protocols are expected to be used in Next Generation Network (NGN):

SIGTRAN - between PSTN/PLMN and IP networks H.248 - between Media Gateway and Media Gateway Controller SIP, SIP-T/SIP-I - between two IP networks & between PSTN/PLMN and IP networks H.323/SIP-T/SIP-I - for international Connectivity For delivery of content (voice/data/video etc.), RTP/RTCP protocol is to be used. TEC needs to prepare National Generic Requirements/Standards for the signalling protocols interfaces and also examine Interoperability issues

The Centralised Lawful Monitoring System (CMS)should be under the Government agency, say VTM cell of DoT and having connectivity with all service providers, LEAs and VTMs of DoT. Provisioning of targets as warranted by Law Enforcing Agencies (LEAs) should be done from CMS by DoT (VTM) without the intervention of service providers. TEC to prepare Generic Interface Specification for CMS NGN-eCO acknowledged that security is of paramount importance to any network. Therefore, TEC may be asked to work on various aspects of security for the country keeping in view the global trends National Numbering Plan needs to be modified to include NGN. TEC to study and give detailed recommendations

Session Border Controllers (SBC) functionality as described in para 3.1 should be used at borders, between two NGN operators. Calling party identification must be mandatory for routing the call in NGN networks In the short-term, existing billing mechanisms may continue as it is in PSTN/PLMN for inter-operator/intercarrier reconciliation and subscriber billing, which requires generation of CDR/IPDR records. In the long term, interconnect billing may be based on various other parameters such as bandwidth used, requiring alternative record keeping mechanisms which would depend on the methodology adopted for Inter Carrier settlement Service provider must have mechanism for traffic measurement to cover VoIP traffic measurement, voice intrusive & non-intrusive performance measurements etc

QOS ISSUES

Various network QoS classes to be defined for service offered through NGN network IP Packet Transfer Delay (IPTD), IP Packet Delay Variation (IPDV), IP Packet Error Ratio (IPER) , IP Packet Loss Ratio (IPLR), for real time/ non real time voice, data, video and streaming multimedia services. This should be defined for various classes of service separately In case of VoIP, toll quality and non toll quality parameters shall be defined. Customers should be made aware of the difference in Quality and tariff between the two services, by service providers. Interconnection congestion limit should be specified. Some percentage level should be defined for bandwidth utilization. Call Completion rate within network and across networks (inter network)

QoS End to End - Across Networks

Apportionment of impairment objectives among operators and number of operators that could be allowed in a particular scenario also needs to be worked out Guaranteed Bandwidth, Bandwidth on demand and Throughput i.e. effective data transfer rate measured in bits per second need to be specified particularly in NGN scenario

IPv6 implementation will be desirable for migration to NGN. However the need and time to migrate to IPv6 be left to service providers

NGN-eCO acknowledges the importance of net neutrality in NGN environment, however feels that no regulatory intervention is required at this stage A committee under aegis of Telecom Engineering Center (TEC) be constituted to study requirement of network synchronization and suggest methodologies of its implementation by various service providers across the networks. Based on the recommendation of TEC, DOT may issue directions which shall be compulsorily implemented by all service providers

Application Server

Soft switch

SBC

Other Networks

Line Media Gateway

SHDSL

Line Media Gateway

PRI

V5.2

Common IP MPLS Transport RSU

2B+D ADSL/ADSL2+

AN

TMG
E1s

SSTP Network

Local / Rural Exchanges

57

Technology NEAX-61E OCB-283 AXE-10

Total No. of % Equipped %age of Exchange Equipped Capacity Exchanges (MSUs) Capacity 7 338 25 0.22% 10.78% 0.80% 83,219 8,967,304 921,353 0.18% 19.28% 1.98%

Working DELs & 23,543 6,819,965 747,288

% Working DELs 0.07% 20.42% 2.24%

% Loading 28.29% 76.05% 81.11%

5-ESS
EWSD FETEX-150L C-DOT (SBM) C-DOT (MAX-L) C-DOT (MAX-XL) E-10 B Total

89
179 16 106 408 1,784 184 3,136

2.84%
5.71% 0.51% 3.38%

2,249,018
5,198,746 353,301

4.83%
11.18% 0.76%

1,713,398
3,742,849 180,761

5.13%
11.21% 0.54%

76.18%
72.00% 51.16%

13.01% 24,002,553 56.89% 5.87% 4,744,696

51.60% 17,192,294

51.47%

71.63%

10.20%

2,982,338

8.93% 100.00%

62.86% 71.80%

100.00% 46,520,190

100.00% 33,402,436

As on 31.05.2007 As on 31.03.2008 As on 31.03.2009 As on 31.03.2010 As on 31.12.2010 Basic Telephone Total Number of connections WLL Total Number of connections Mobile Total Number of connections Internet Total Number of connections Broadband Total Number of connections IPTV Total Number of connections 1,120,000 2,747,624 28,423,283 3,599,544 33,149,457

31,491,984

29,917,385

28,421,516

27,000,440

5,400,000

8,400,000

10,800,000

12,840,000

56,430,000

92,430,000

128,430,000

155,430,000

2,827,000

3,675,100

4,777,630

6,210,919

7,480,000

13,480,000

19,480,000

23,980,000

200,000 103,828,984

1,400,000 149,302,485

2,600,000 194,509,146

3,800,000 229,261,359

Total

Access Layer
Fixed Line Access is designed for voice To be made capable of Broad band Multimedia access such that speeds in access are compatible with those in Wireless (42Mbps for HSPA, EVDO Rev C) so that FMC can be exploited Copper can give speed up to 26 Mbps only within 500 m FTTH, FTTB, FTTC is the solution

61

Transport Layer
IP/MPLS is currently available in 106 cities There is an immediate need for extending it to 322 SSAs for IP TAX By extending it to District and Taluka levels in addition to facilitating NGN other opportunities like SWAN can also be exploited It is Hub & Spoke model at national level which limits its scalability Similar models need to be replicated at Circle level The networks at Circle level can preferably be autonomous systems

62

Control Layer
IP TAX will introduce control elements for interfacing with PSTN to NGN Current 45.5 Million CMTS tender will introduce 3G R6 and IMS solution The above two implementations will provide platform for adoption of Fully Converged Network Architecture based on IMS for Fixed, Mobile, FMC with future upgrades

Service Layer
Full services possible after above two projects However, SIP based services can be introduced even now

63

Offered services to have the following features:

Mobility: It should be possible for users to register dynamically their current location so that they can be contacted when mobile using a publicized address Forking: It should be possible to associate multiple devices with a single address, so that all or a selection of these devices can be contacted simultaneously or in succession Features Negotiation: It should be possible for the users to negotiate media and protocol extensions to be used for a particular call for setting up any type of media conversation, including voice, video and messaging

64

Offered services to have the following features:

Applications Flexibility: It should be possible to define, create and implement new applications in the network. The new applications may be built up on separate Application Servers which may be located in the same network / domain or in some other network / domain. Combinational services: It should be possible to combine different services into one service e.g., instant messaging and voice

65

Pilot Project for 200 KC IP TAX equipment

This will introduce IP in transit network

Plan to add 6.4 million Class-4 Transit capacity in 2008-2009 through IP TAX Plan to Strengthen SSTP Networks to become the de-facto Signaling Network in BSNL
Can be used for Local Number Portability and MNP

Replacement of Legacy switches nearing expiry/expired switches to begin from 2008-2009 by Next Generation Switching Architecture

Plan to introduce SIP based services in 2008-2009 Migration to IMS and introduction of new applications
Applications like presence information, videoconferencing, multiparty gaming, community services and content sharing to roll out in a phased manner from 2009

For WLL Migration to LSMD from next procurement and Migration to MMD to begin from 2009
EVDO Rev A Hardware has already been asked for in the current WLL Tender To have year wise procurement plans for WLL in line with the developments of EVDO Rev B (2008-09) and EVDO Rev C (2009-2010) standards

To 3GPP Release 7 to integrate WLAN into NGN / IMS Core from next WiMAX procurement To migrate the Fixed Line Access, which at present is designed for Voice, to Broadband by a suitable mix of Wireless Access, Copper, FTTH, FTTB and FTTC solutions
To add FTTH to 500,000 ports in 2008; 700,000 in 2009 and 800,000 in 2010 To introduce FTTB and FTTC with VDSL2 wherever feasible; Tentative target may be 9 Million

To introduce Mobility in Broadband in 2009-2010 To have IP backbone at Circle, Zonal and National level

To extend IP core from 106 locations to all SSAs in 2008-2009 and to all DHQs in 2009-2010
Introduce IPv6 in IP Core 24 Core nodes to be fully meshed by STM-256 links to support Terabit throughput in Core
Full redundancy to be built in the core by having two routers at each location

The existing routers at Core locations to be moved to secondary layer Secondary nodes at Circle level to be connected to Core nodes at with 10 Gbps, 2.5 Gbps dual links

Full migration to NGN with replacement of PSTN by 2015

STM-4/STM-1 : 622 Mb/s

STM-16/STM-4-2.5Gb/s L-1 to L-1 21 cities 32 channel 2.5G-DWDM 80Gb/s Equipped for 40Gb/s L1 to L2 322 SSAs L2 to L3 cities : 2746

DWDM : 80 Gb/s
32 Channel 2.5G-DWDM L-1 to L-1 21 cities 40 channel 10G-DWDM : 400Gb/s L1 to L2 322 SSAs L2 to L3 cities : 2746

NIB Gateway National/SSA DWDM Network City DWDM OADM Network

Video server

MSPP Ring Network STM-16

STM-64 Rings

STM-16/4/1 Rings COT ring Router STM-16/4/1 Rings Media Gateway RSUs/ RLUs/Lease d lines GSM MSCs

RTs

LE/ Tandem/ TAX

RSUs/ RLUs/Lease d lines

L1

L2 L3
Multi ADM On LH links Proposed STM-64 Endlinks for GSM MSCs

40 Chl 10G Tera bit DWDM Backbone Proposed ASON enabled High end OXC Proposed 32 Chl 2.5 G DWDM Backbone Proposed 2048 X 2048 High end OXC Proposed + MADMs MADMs & MSPP STM-16 City Access rings or SDCAs Rings NIB Routers / BB Lan Switches/ COTs/ BSCs/ TAXs/ STM-1 and CPE City Access Rings GSM BTS /DLCs /DSLAMs/RSUs/Customers

GSM

36.0 M Lines 50% 2G, 50% 3G 3.00 M Lines EVDO Rev 'A' 40 G Core 150 POPs

36. 0 M Lines 50% 2G, 50% 3G 2.4 0 M Lines EVDO Rev 'B' 40 G Core, 50 POPs RACF, NASS

36.0 M Lines 50% 2G, 50% 3G 2.80 M Lines EVDO Rev 'C'

WLL

MPLS Core IMS Core Layer and Services Class-5 SIP Based Services Pilot E-10B, NEAX, FETEX150L Replacement AXE-10, 5ESS through TMG AXE-10, 5ESS Replacement C-DoT MAX-L/MAXXL Migration to C-DoT AN thorugh TMG EWSD Migration to AGW OCB-283 Migration to AGW Q1 Calender Year

6.00 M Users

100.0 M Users

0.06 M Lines

1.00 M Lines

2.16 M Lines

1.45 M Lines

1.00 M Lines

7.00 M Lines

1.00 M Lines

0.76 M Lines

1.14 M Lines

1.90 M Lines

1.36 M Lines

2.04 M Lines

3.40 M Lines

Q2 Q3 2008

Q4

Q1

Q2 Q3 2009

Q4

Q1

Q2 Q3 2010

Q4

Q1

Q2 Q3 2011

Q4

E-Connectivity E-Agriculture E-Governance E-Commerce E-Education E-Health E-Entertainment

Thanks