Infant Nutrition Foodborne Infections

Infants are considered vulnerable group. It means they can get infections easily through any means. Despite their limited diet, they seem at risk of acquiring enteric pathogens that are commonly associated with consumption of contaminated foods. As all nurses know, good hygienic practices are critical in preventing cross contamination, which may occur in variety of ways. We can be able to help in reducing such cases by means of: first by initiating a discussion with caregiver about food born infections and how infant and children can be exposed to organism around the home. Secondly, by reviving proper handwashing technique and using ample amount of soap when washing hand. As nurses we should be incorporating this information into routine assessments conducted during infant and children checkups. These simple strategies require minimal time, and are key to preventing food borne infections.

Music therapy To Relieve Anxiety in Pregnant Women On Bed Rest: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
The purpose of this research article is to explore the effect of music therapy on anxiety alleviation for antepartal women on bedrest in China. Pregnancy is a normal life event that necessitates adjustments for expectant mother as well as her partner and other family members. High risk pregnancy may become a stressful life event that results in anxiety and depression. Bedrest is probably the most commonly prescribed intervention to prevent miscarriage, especially in cases of threatened miscarriage and history of previous miscarriage. Antepartal women on bedrest experience physiological deconditioning, dysphoria and a recovery period that may equal the time spent on bedrest. Stress during pregnancy has been shown to increase risk of low birth weight or prematurity. Music therapy is a systematic process where the therapist helps the client to promote health using music experiences and the relationship that develop through them. The results of this research study 96.7% of the subject were less than 35 years old, married (95.8%) and with out insurance (91.7%). Almost (72.5%) had never experience labor before and 80% of fetal gestational age ranged from 33-35 weeks. The majority enjoyed listening to music and listened often. Two thirds (65.8%) were diagnosed with premature rupture of membranes and one third 32.5% with threatened preterm birth The respondents of the study were divided into two: the control and experimental group. Both of the two groups were told to empty their bladder and take a 30 minutes rest 2 hours after lunch. In this study, music was found effective in reducing anxiety in high risk pregnant women. The respondents were asked to listen to preselected Chinese folk song by the researchers. The results showed that subjects anxiety level and physiological responses were positively correlated. The more the subjects anxiety level decreases the more her physiologic responses decreased. Only 3 consecutive days of music therapy were given, thus researcher cant extrapolate long term effect of music therapy. The results of this study support the use of music therapy as a nursing intervention to reduce anxiety among high risk pregnant women on bedrest. Key factors include careful selection of music and attention to womans preference for music type.

Working with Teen Moms & Babies at Risk the Power of Parenting
This study was done to better understand how nurses develop and maintain long term relationship with high risk young women and their families. The study found that the basic social processes of developing relationship with the women was partnering, a three phase interactive process in which nurse and client come together in long term relationship for the purpose of attaining mutually defined goal. The nurses described 3 key strategies for engaging the clients interest and participation: a) courting the client, b) monitoring the progress of relationship, and c) focusing on the client. Nurses should focus on getting to know the client needs before addressing the nurses purposes for interaction. Nurses working with young, vulnerable pregnant women make a difference if they: engage the clients interest by focusing on her needs and are non-judgemental and caring in order to build trust, persevere, show respect and interest to develop the relationship, individualized approaches to the clients capabilities in setting goals and consistently affirm her strengths and progress toward goals.

Breastfeeding Mothers & Violence: What Nurses Need to Know

Violence against women and girls is a widespread problem with negative ramifications for both physical and mental health. All form of violence carry risk for physical and emotional health problem. Even after the abuse has stopped. These result suggest that childhood abuse effects a womans reaction to her infant differently than abuse she experiences as an adult, contributing to her determination to be an ideal parent. The perinatal nurse can do her part to ensure that breastfeeding is rewarding and empowering act for the survivor of violence by taking steps to ensure a respectful and therapeutic encounter. After explaining the health benefits of breastfeeding for mother and the baby, work patiently with the new mother to find the best infant feeding solution for her. For the women reluctant to put her baby onto her breast offer the possibility that she might find the possibility that she may find breastfeeding helps her reclaim her body from the negative associations of abuse. If the women is reluctant to this but still she wants to breastfeed offer her an option of pumping along with evidence based advice, in accordance to this it is our duty to educate the patient on the proper technique for pumping and storage recommendations. The maternal and child nurse should be prepared to offer concrete resources and referrals for the woman who wants to address past abuse or leave an abusive situation. The nurse should identify when the survivor of violence requires help that is beyond the scope of nursing practice, if the patient entrusts a deeply personal details of her abuse history, acknowledge that trust the courage it took for her to share.

Metabolic Alkalosis After Using Enhanced Water to Dilute Powdered Formula

In this case study report of an infant with metabolic alkalosis, the health care team worked to discover the cause of the illness. They found that well meaning parents had diluted their newborns powdered formula with electrolyte enhanced water. It is essential that nurses working with new families be aware that heavily advertised enhanced waters could be used unknowingly by parents for their newborns and that the consequences could be dire. Parents become unaware of the dangers may mistakenly believe that they are helping their childs nutritional status by diluting with vitamin/ electrolyte enhanced water. This case makes it abundantly clear that parent education needs to include appropriate education about feeding with powdered formula. Enhanced vitamin waters should not be used to dilute infant formula. If using a ready to feed formula, do not dilute it further with water or any other liquid. If using a concentrated infant formula, mix exactly according to directions on the package. Tap water used to reconstitute infant formula should be boiled for 1 to 2 minutes to eliminate bacterial contamination. It must then be allowed to cool fully before diluting formula. As nurses one of our vital roles is patient education, it is our responsibility to be in level to the educational status for us to be able to achieve our desired goals. We should continuously assess the parental knowledge and educational needs, especially as it relates to proper feeding methods and sign and symptoms of feeding problem.