Section 1 Audio script: Rocky: Our world is passing through an economic revolution.

Every young man is interested in business these days. Meera: We are running around only two words -business and computers. People are becoming selfish and money-minded. Literature has beenthe soul of our society for centuries which we are losing fast. Now relations or friendship are hardly soulful or pure. Sonia: Meera, you cant live with an idealistic approach. In fact we must accept the hard realities of life. Nowadays we have no time to listen to poets or read novels? Literature is sheer waste of time. Sanjay: I think we are diverting from our basic topic: the art of success in business. So lets discuss over the same. There is competition in every field. We do need an art to succeed. Meera: You can get success in any field with a simple idea. Work hard and maintain honesty in your dealings. There is no other way to success. Rocky: My approach is totally practically. None has ever achieved success in business by applying these principles. Gandhian ideology doesnt work in business. In my opinion: Speak as many lies as you can, but you must have convincing power. Otherwise you cant get success. Sonia: I disagree with both of you. Both of the ways are dangerous. We need a middle path. Meeras approach may become a burden. And if we start telling lies people wont believe us. Well become a failure. Sanjay, your father is a successful businessman. You can definitely tell what can be the rational approach. Sanjay: My father works very hard, and he uses his common sense every where. It may be hisprinciple. He is also a sincere person. Still most of the persons fail by applying this approach. Success is not as easy as we think. Meera: We shouldnt underestimate the importance of luck. Sanjay: Yes I agree. Without luck you cant achieve anything in life. With my constant observation I have also reached at this conclusion. Rocky: Rubbish. Only fools depend on luck. Luck may work once but not every time. India was made enslaved by different foreign powers because Indians always depended on luck. Those powers were always small in numbers. But they were more disciplined. They used three basic tools which brought them victory. 1. Modern war methods, 2. Strategy and 3. Diplomacy. They never depended on luck. If you depend on luck you cant earn even your bread andbutter. Sonia: What about the lying principle you talked Your principles cant create a good society which is essential for happy survival of mankind. Moreover we are talking about success in business not about success in war. I recently read in a newspaper that many modern management gurus are advocating Gandhian principles to get success in business. Rocky: I must accept that I overemphasized (overstressed) the principle of convincing lies. But ultimately (finally) youll have to agree that there is no different between war and business. Meera: You are again wrong Rocky. How did great persons like Mahatma Gandhi and Edison became big success stories? By applying two simple tools: Honesty and Hard-work. To give a touch of fire and

uniqueness to your personality a third tool is also necessary i.e., develop your talent continuously. Sonia: Meeras ideas carry weight. But now no more debate or argument. We are getting late for our homes. We must leave now. Sanjay: Dont be in such a hurry Sonia. You know we are discussing over a very important topic. Sonia: Remember, there is no end to debate. And now we have got enough ideas. Any sensible person can find a workable and practical principle of success out of these idea. Listen to the conversation and complete the summary. Fill in with single word only.

Meera: We are running around only two words -_____1_____ and _____2_____. Sonia: Meera, you cant live with an _____3_____ approach. Sanjay: I think we are diverting from our basic topic: the art of _____4____ in business. Meera: You can get success in any field with a simple idea. None has ever achieved success in business by applying these _____5_____. Meera: We shouldnt underestimate the importance of _____6______. Sanjay: Yes I agree. Sonia: What about the lying principle you talked Your principles cant create a good society which is essential for happy survival of mankind.

Moreover we are talking about success in business not about success in ____7_____. I recently read in a newspaper that many modern management gurus are advocating _____8_____ principles to get success in business.

How did great persons like Mahatma Gandhi and _____9______ became big success stories? Sonia: Meeras ideas carry _____10_____.

Section 2 Audio script: Battersea Bridge is a cast iron and granite five-span cantilever bridge crossing the River Thames in London, England. It is situated on a sharp bend in the river, and links Battersea south of the river with Chelsea to the north. The bridge replaced a ferry service that had operated near the site since at least the middle of the 16th century. The first Battersea Bridge was a toll bridge commissioned by John, Earl Spencer, who had recently acquired the rights to operate the ferry. Although a stone bridge was planned, difficulties in raising

investment meant that a cheaper wooden bridge was built instead. Designed by Henry Holland, it was initially opened to pedestrians in November 1771, and to vehicle traffic in 1772. The bridge was poorly designed and dangerous both to its users and to passing shipping, and boats often collided with it. To reduce the dangers to shipping, two piers were removed and the sections of the bridge above them were strengthened with iron girders. Although dangerous and unpopular, the bridge was the last surviving wooden bridge on the Thames in London, and was the subject of paintings by many significant artists such as J. M. W. Turner, John Sell Cotman and James McNeill Whistler, including Whistler's Nocturne: Blue and Gold Old Battersea Bridge, and his controversial Nocturne in Black and Gold The Falling Rocket. In 1879 the bridge was taken into public ownership, and in 1885 demolished and replaced with the existing bridge, designed by Sir Joseph Bazalgette and built by John Mowlem & Co. The narrowest surviving road bridge over the Thames in London, it is one of London's least busy Thames bridges. The location on a bend in the river makes the bridge a hazard to shipping, and it has been closed many times due to collisions. Chelsea (Old English Cealchy, chalk wharf),[n 1] about 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Westminster on the north bank of the River Thames, has existed as a settlement since at least Anglo-Saxon times.[3] The Thames at this point bends through a sharp angle from a south-north to an east-west flow, and the slow-moving and relatively easily fordable river here is popularly believed to be the site of Julius Caesar's crossing of the Thames during the 54 BC invasion of Britain.[4][n 2] Chelsea enjoyed good road and river connections to the seat of government at Westminster and the commercial centre of the City of London since at least the 14th century.[3] It was a centre of the British porcelain industry,[5] and a major producer of baked goods at peak periods almost 250,000 chelsea buns per day were sold.[6] By the 18th century it had large numbers of very prosperous residents.[3] Battersea, listed as Patricesy (St Peter's Water) in the Domesday Book and first mentioned in records of 693 AD,[7][8] on the south bank of the river opposite Chelsea, was by contrast low and marshy land, prone to flooding. Conditions were ideal for farming asparagus and lavender,[n 3] and a small market town grew in the area based on the asparagus and lavender industries.[5] Although Chelsea and Battersea had been linked by ferry since at least 1550,[5] the nearest fixed links between the two were Putney Bridge, 212 miles (4.0 km) upstream and opened in 1729,[9] and Westminster Bridge, 3 miles (4.8 km) downstream, opened in 1746.[10] In 1763 John, Earl Spencer, purchased the manor of Battersea,[5] and consequently acquired ownership of the ferry service between Chelsea and Battersea.[11] The ferry was old and somewhat dangerous,[11] and in 1766 Spencer formed the Battersea Bridge Company and sought and obtained Parliamentary consent to build "a fine stone bridge" across the Thames.[5] The bridge was to be built between Cheyne Walk and Battersea, at the point where the river's course turns sharply east towards Westminster,[12] at a projected cost of 83,000 (about 10,609,000 as of 2011).[5][13] The Earl had anticipated that many local residents would invest in the project, but soon

found that there was widespread scepticism about the scheme. Only 15 investors, including the Earl himself, were willing to invest,[14] and a total of only 17,662 (about 1,798,000 as of 2011) was raised, far less than was needed to finance the ambitious project.

Fill in the blanks with the correct information. A. The first Battersea Bridge was a toll bridge commissioned by John, _____11_____, who had recently acquired the rights to operate _____12______. Although a stone bridge was planned, difficulties in raising investment meant that a cheaper ______13______ was built instead. Designed by _____14_____, it was initially opened to pedestrians in _____15_____, and to vehicle traffic in _____16_____. The bridge was poorly designed and ______17_____ both to its users and to passing shipping, and boats often collided with it. To reduce the dangers to shipping, two piers were removed and the sections of the bridge above them were strengthened with iron girders. B. Although Chelsea and Battersea had been linked by ferry since at least _____18_____, the nearest fixed links between the two were _____19______, 212 miles (4.0 km) upstream and opened in 1729, and ______20_____, 3 miles (4.8 km) downstream, opened in 1746. In 1763 John, Earl Spencer, purchased the manor of Battersea, and consequently acquired ownership of the ferry service between Chelsea and Battersea.

Section 3 Audio script: MAHIMA: What happened Swati? You are all wet and looking tensed. SWATI: For women Holi is a traumatic experience. The worst festival I think. MAHIMA: So someone threw water on you. SWATI: First a water-filled balloon hit me on the face while coming in the bus. And as soon as got I down the bus and entered the lane a group of teenagers threw water on me. MAHIMA: Why didn't you slap them hard? SWATI: When the woman teasers are in a group it is very difficult to react. Even if we react they run away and hide. MAHIMA: And nobody supports women in such cases. Neither society nor police is there to protect them. SUNITA: Why are you quarrelling in the office? MAHIMA: We are not quarrelling Sunita. We are cursing Holi. Previously Holi was celebrated for one day. Now women have to face the discomfort for more than a week. SUNITA: Please don't mind. Holi is a festival of joy and friendship. Just learn to enjoy it. SWATI: What can you expect from a society which burn their daughter-in-laws alive?

SUNITA: Crying or grumbling is not going to help you. Get organized and be tough. This is the only solution. MAHIMA: But women have their limitation. Most of them are unable to create a scene on the roads. SUNITA: Chain of that limitation is given to you by the society which you like to wear. Once you get bold and throw away that chain nobody can dare to violate your honor. Teach the people how to respect you. MAHIMA: It is true that till the women learn to fight for their prestige they can't expect liberation. Although it is a tough task to face the opposition of the society but something must be done. SUNITA: Last year I was coming back from the market with my friend. Suddenly we were hit hard with balloons. We saw a group of boys giggling. We immediately took off our sandals and started hitting them. They took to their heels in embarrassment as people were watching. Probably they never played Holi afterwards especially with the girls. SWATI: Still it is a difficult task. We can't fight everywhere. SUNITA: Then this society will continue treating you as second class citizens. MAHIMA: Even if we get tough and united for sometime people will start honouring our dignity.

Say whether the statements are true or false or not given in the passage. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Holi is not a safe festival for women. The lady was completely drenched as she was caught in rain. There is hardly anyone to save a woman. One needs to grumble at such ill practices. The friend of the lady is very polite and careful to her. The friend plans for an organized campaign against the ill practice. She also had a similar experience on the same day. Women are made weak by the societys rules and bindings. Women are treated as second class citizens. Men are to be blamed for the troubles women face.

Section 4 Audio script: Power couples don't get that way by accident. Devotion to mission and a tireless work ethic go down a lot easier when both members of a pair approach their jobs the same way. That kind of stick-to-theflight-plan determination was on display Friday afternoon when NASA and astronaut Mark Kelly husband of injured Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords convened a news conference at the Johnson Space Center in Houston to announce that Kelly would be in the commander's seat as planned when the shuttle Endeavour takes off in April. Kelly, 46, has flown in space three times before, but this time was going to be special. It would be both his and Endeavour's final mission and perhaps the last of the shuttle program as a whole if money

isn't forthcoming for one more flight later in the year. What's more, the objective of the mission is to deliver the alpha magnetic spectrometer (AMS) to the International Space Station. The AMS will be affixed to the station's truss and try to collect particle evidence of the cosmos' little-understood dark matter and dark energy, which are thought to serve as nothing less than the mortar that holds the universe together. But those plans at least Kelly's role in them were blown to bits last month, when Giffords was shot in the head at an outdoor constituent event, landing her in intensive care unit and, more recently, a long-term rehab facility. "Four weeks ago tomorrow, I was sitting in the ICU in Tuscon and talking to her neurosurgeon and trauma surgeon about her progress," Kelly said today. "At that time I thought I'd likely be sitting in that same seat maybe two, four, six months later." But if he were there today, he'd be very lonely. On January 21 way ahead of schedule Giffords had recovered sufficiently to be moved to the Memorial Hermann Rehabilitation Hospital in Houston, handily close to the space center, where Kelly trains. Even then, there was little thought in his mind that he would fly the two-week mission and little in NASA's plans either. The famously risk-averse space agency wants nothing to do with any astronaut least of all a commander whose mind isn't fully on the job. Said Peggy Whitson, head of the NASA astronaut office: "We weren't going to ask him to command if he didn't want to. I have to choose a crew that will be able to support the mission." All that changed in the past couple of weeks, mostly because of Giffords. The optimistic press releases about the speed of her improvement are more than sunny spin. Her doctors place her recovery in the one-percentile category, impressive enough that since her arrival in Houston she's been putting in the equivalent of a full work day from eight in the morning to six in the evening working on speech, motor control, strength and more. That left Kelly with little to do, and so two weeks ago, he approached Whitson and Brent Jett, director of flight crew operations, about rejoining his crew. There were a few things that worked in his favor. His launch date had twice slipped for technical reasons from February to early April, and then again to April 19. This would allow him to catch up on any preparations he'd missed. What's more, NASA tries to keep its crew decisions as free of emotion as it can, which means that everything comes down to safety. Kelly had logged 18 months of training, far more than his back-up commander had. Provided he could prove he was fully focused on the mission, the flight would be his. To ensure himself that his mind would indeed be clear, he canvassed his family to see if they approved. "When I told [Giffords' mother] in the ICU in Houston that I would most likely not be flying, she said 'What, are you kidding me? You have to go and do that,'" Kelly say. He got the same response from Giffords' father. The question that reporters kept asking today was what Giffords herself said, or even if she is yet capable of speaking at all. Kelly was polite but adamant that he would not disclose any details about her

recovery, except to say whether she is gaining or losing ground, and he stuck to that. "I know her very well," was pretty much all he said. Among those journalists present was ABC's Bob Woodruff, who knows better than anyone in the room what Giffords is going through, having suffered his own devastating head and brain trauma as the result of an IED explosion in Iraq in 2006. Woodruff asked Kelly if he would see Giffords face to face during the two weeks he's aloft, courtesy of the video conference equipment that's available in orbit. "Typically, we do one family video conference during a mission, toward the end of the flight," Kelly answered. "So this time we'll do that too." "One time?" Woodruff pressed. "In fourteen days?" "Yes, one time," Kelly answered. That, for both Kelly and Giffords, may well be enough. He has a mission to perform during those two weeks and so does she. They'll both be more than busy enough, thank you very much. Fill in the gaps with the correct information. A. B. C. D. E. F. The husband and wife are _____31_____ and _____32_____. The wife is a _____33_____ and the husband is a _____34_____. Bob Woodruff is a _____35_____. The husband has been in the space _____36____ before and this is _____37_____ for him. The man is worried about his wife as she is _____38_____. They are staying quite _____40_____.