Mass-media si violenta din desenele animate pentru copii

Prof. GABOR IONELA ED. DAMIAN GINA GRADINITA PP NR. 1 / Structura PN 6 Hunedoara

Lucrnd cu co !!! de "r#ta re$co%ar& '(a' )ot&rt #& #tud!* efecte%e noc!"e e care 'a##('ed!a %e are a#u ra co !!%or. Ma##('ed!a+ f!!nd unu% d!ntre or,ane%e ce%e 'a! !' ortante a%e #oc!et&!! -n care tr&!' -$! r&#frn,e !nf%uena att .enef!c&+ dar 'a! a%e# noc!"& a#u ra tuturor cate,or!!%or #oc!a%e+ -n # ec!a% a#u ra co !!%or. /o !!! re re*!nt& o cate,or!e #oc!a%& foarte u$or !nf%uena.!%&+ f!!nd red!# u$! %a e0 er!'entarea unor #ent!'ente $! #en*a!!+ care ot a"ea un !' act )ot&rtor a#u ra #!)!cu%u! $! de*"o%t&r!! %or !nte%ectua%e $! u'ane. 1nu% d!ntre ce%e 'a! r&# nd!te '!2%oace r!n care 'a##('ed!a -$! tran#'!te !nfor'a!!%e c&tre 'e'.r!! #oc!et&!! e#te te%e"!*!unea+ -n cadru% ace#te!a !ntrnd $! ro,ra'e%e te%e"!*ate entru co !!. Lucrarea de fa& ur'&re$te #tud!erea !' actu%u! e care de#ene%e an!'ate -% au a#u ra co' orta'entu%u! co !!%or. Refer!tor %a acea#t& te'&+ e0!#t& o #er!e de #tud!! $t!!n!f!ce care au af!r'at efecte%e noc!"e a%e te%e"!*!un!! a#u ra co' orta'entu%u! a,re#!" tot 'a! ronunat d!n artea co !!%or. Ace#te #tud!! au ar&tat c& efecte%e e ter'en %un, ot a &rea cu rec&dere %a co !!+ unu% d!ntre ace#te efecte f!!nd o red!# o*!!e # re "!o%en& $! !' %!c!t co' orta'ent "!o%ent d!n toate uncte%e de "edere. 3n u%t!'u% t!' au a &rut $! -n Ro'n!a a#tfe% de #tud!! care #(au ocu at cu cercetarea ,radu%u! de "!o%en& e care -% con!n e'!#!un!%e te%e"!*ate $! 'a! a%e# ce%e care #unt foarte 4con#u'ate5 de c&tre co !! $! ado%e#cen!. 6!o%ena con!nut& de ro,ra'e%e de de#ene an!'ate con#t!tu!e un factor -n,r!2or&tor -n de*"o%tarea #!)!c& nor'a%& a co !!%or no$tr!. Ace$t!a #unt #u u$! tuturor !nf%uene%or ne,at!"e e care de#ene%e an!'ate %e ro'o"ea*& -ntr(un nu'ar foarte 'are $! e"!dent c& ace#te !'a,!n! "!o%ente #e -nt! &re#c -n 'e'or!a "!*ua%& a co !!%or+ care "or

!'!ta ceea ce "&d. De#ene%e an!'ate c%a#!ce ,en 7To' 8 9err:+ Loon: Tune#+ etc;+ erau #tructurate -n a$a fe% -nct #& r&# und& ne"o!%or co !!%or de toate "r#te%e+ a!c! refer!ndu(#e %a ne"o!%e d!n unct de "edere #!)o%o,!c+ !ar ,radu% de "!o%en& era foarte 'u%t atenuat dator!t& #!tua!!%or )a*%!! e care %e con!neau. 3n #c)!'. de#ene%e an!'ate 'oderne un accentu% tot 'a! 'u%t e e0 unerea ace#tor !'a,!n! %!ne de "!o%en&+ f&r& de care f!ru% e"en!'ente%or nu ar a"ea n!c!o %o,!c&. 6!o%ena ace#tor #cene e#te o con#ec!na c%ar& a te)no%o,!*&r!! '!2%oace%or a ace#tu! t! de e%!cu%e+ a#tfe% o dat& cu ce%e 'a! #u# 'en!onate cre#cnd $! ,radu% %or de "!o%en&. A#tfe% co !!! nu caut& #&($! a%ea,& 'ode%e care ro un o de#f&$urare a$n!c& a unor e"en!'ente+ $! care au 'a! 'u%t !ntere# -n ceea ce r!"e$te # ec!f!cu% !nfor'a!!%or e care ar tre.u! #& %e de!n& %a "r#ta %or+ c! #unt tot 'a! atra$! de !'a,!n!%e care ro'o"ea*& 2!cn!r!%e+ %!'.a2u% "u%,ar $! tot fe%u% de a%te der!"ate a%e ace#tora. <ne%e+ r!n!!+ r!ne#e%e nu 'a! re re*!nt& 'ode%e de'ne de ur'at entru ce! '!c!+ ace#te er#ona2e f!!nd -n%ocu!te cu ro.o! $! er#ona2e care au uter! #u ranatura%e create de c&tre te)no%o,!a tot 'a! a"an#at&. 3n#& -n ceea ce r!"e$te "!*!onatu% de#ene%or an!'ate+ &r!n!! co !!%or 2oac& $! e! un ro% !' ortant+ ace$t!a ar tre.u! #& d!#cute cu '!cu!! a#u ra e0e' %e%or e care ace#te de#ene 'oderne %e tran#'!t $! de a -ncerca #& cana%!*e*e aten!a co !!%or # re 'ode%e care #& f!e 'a! confor'e cu ,radu% %or #!)!c de de*"o%tare. Dar d!n cau*a t!' u%u! care entru 'a2or!tatea &r!n!%or e#te foarte #curt+ ace$t!a de 'u%te or! -$! -ndea'n& co !!! #& "!*!one*e de#ene%e an!'ate entru ca e! #&($! 'a! re*o%"e $! a%te ro.%e'e cu care #e confrunt&. Ace#t %ucru care #e -nta' %a d!n &cate e#te f&cut con$t!ent #au !ncon$t!ent de c&tre &r!n! f&r& #& #e ,ndea#c& %a fa tu% c& $!(au -nde'nat co !!! #& r!"ea#c& dar -n ace%a$! t!' #& $! re!a d!n co' orta'entu% er#ona2e%or -nt%n!te -n cadru% ace#tor e'!#!un!. Pre*entu% #tud!u oate a"ea o !nf%uen& de#tu% de !' ortant& -n cadru% do'en!u%u! %a care face refer!re+ -ntruct e0 une o ro.%e'& care fr&'nt& tot 'a! 'u%t o !n!a u%!c&. E% tratea*& un #u.!ect foarte de%!cat a% #oc!et&!! noa#tre $! re re*!nt& o aten!onare "&d!t& a#u ra ,radu%u! de denaturare #!)!c& $! !nte%ectua%& %a care #unt #u u$! co !!!. /u toate c& #(au 'a! f&cut cercet&r! -n ceeea ce r!"e$te acea#t& ro.%e'&+ acea#t& %ucrare reu$e$te #& "!n& cu ce"a nou+ $! anu'e o arte de cercetare e .a*a c&re!a #e oate foarte

.!ne o.#er"a t! ur!%e de "!o%en& re*ente -n cadru% e'!#!un!%or de de#ene an!'ate+ for'e%e de rea%!*are a ace#tor t! ur! de "!o%en&+ recu' $! de#ene%e referate e care %e "!*!onea*& co !!! d!n *!ua de a#t&*! -n f!ecare *!. Totodat& cerectarea f&cut& e un e$ant!onu% #e'n!f!cat!" de co !!! de "r#t& re$co%ar& +dar $! &r!n!! ace#tora+ #e oate o.#er"a ct t!' retrec ace$t!a -n faa te%e"!*oru%u!+re# ect!" ca%cu%atoru%u!+ care #unt refer!ne%e -n ceea ce r!"e#c er#ona2e%e d!n de#ene%e an!'ate+ ur'&r!ndu(#e $! factoru% de !nf%uen& e care ace#te er#ona2e -% au a#u ra 'odu%u! de "!a& a% co !!%or. Pr!n efectuarea cercet&r!! att a#u ra unu! ,ru de re$co%ar! ct $! r!n o.#er"area '!nu!oa#& a ,r!%e! de ro,ra'e a cana%e%or de de#ene an!'ate > ur'&r!te de c&tre ace$t!a+ #(a utut con#tata c& 'a2or!atatea co !!%or "!*!onaea*& de#ene%e an!'ate e care ace#te cana%e %e d!fu*ea*&+ !ar ace#tea con!n un ,rad r!d!cat de "!o%en& f!*!c& $! "er.a%&. Mon!tor!*nd cu aten!e ro,ra'e%e con!nute de ce%e tre! cana%e+ ute' o.#er"a c& ace#tea con!n + att "!o%en& f!*!c& ct $! "!o%en& "er.a%&+ e#te re*ent& -n 'od o.$t!nant+ roducnd efecte de %un,& durat& -n ceea ce r!"e$te de*"o%tarea nor'a%& a co !!%or. Per#ona2e%e ce%e 'a! a rec!ate de c&tre co !!+ #unt ace%ea a%e c&ror ac!un! con!n un #tad!u de "!o%en& e0acer.at&+ ac!un!%e %or f!!nd !' re,nate de #cene care roduc #er!oa#e daune "!*ua%e+ aud!t!"e $! co,n!t!"e a#u ra #!)!cu%u! co !!%or $! r&'n adnc -nt! &r!te -n #u.con$t!entu% %or. De a#e'enea #e oate u$or d!#t!n,e o %! #& a !' %!c&r!! &r!n!%or -n contro%area "!*ua%!*&r!! de c&tre co !! a ace#tu! ,en de ro,ra'e. /au*e%e ace#te! ne!' %!c&r! ot f! u#e e #ea'a ro,ra'u%u! e0tre' de -nc&rcat a% &r!n!%or -n#& e%e ot f! u#e $! -n #ea'a une! roa#te !nfor'&r! a#u ra ace#tu! feno'en. Nef!!nd rece t!"! %a ceea ce co !!! %or dore#c #& "ad&+ &r!n!! nu ot n!c! #& contro%e*e ro,ra'u% *!%n!c a %or $! a%tfe% nu #e ot !' une -n ceea ce r!"e$te %!'!tarea e0 uner!! co !!%or %a #cene%e "!o%ente e care ace#te ro,ra'e %e con!n. 3n ceea ce r!"e#c #tud!!%e 46!o%ene! 'a##('ed!e! a#u ra co !!%or5+ re%!*ate -n Ro'n!a -n anu% =??@ + ace#tea un -n e"!den& -n cercet&r! de refer!n& a'er!cane $! euro ene+ cercet&r! efectuate r!n analize de coninut, analize de imagine, analize naratologice+ a %!cate+ e de o arte+ e'!#!un!%or de ficiune+ !ar e de a%t& arte e'!#!un!%or informative 7te%e2urna%e+ 'a,a*!ne de !nfor'are;+ #e re,&#e#c dec! frec"ent $! -n ro,ra'e%e de T6 ana%!*ate -n cadru% ace#tu! ro!ect. De e0e' %u+ -n de#ene%e an!'ate e#te #e'n!f!cat!"& a'a%,a'area e%e'ente%or de rea% $! f!c!ona% care co' un un!"er#u%

re*entat. /a ur'are+ !nd!cator!! "!o%ene!+ core%a! cu ,radu% de autent!c!tate a% un!"er#u%u! re*entat # ore#c ,radu% de noc!"!tate a% "!o%ene! d!n de#ene%e an!'ate. I'a,!n!%e "!o%ene! #unt 'a! d!recte+ 'a! !n#!#tente+ 'a! re et!t!"e+ ca # re e0e' %u -n re*entarea ce%or 'a! dra'at!*ante #cene "!o%ente -n .en*!%e(anunur!+ ro'o(ur! d!fu*ate %a ore contra!nd!cate entru co !! $! care #u,erea*& o #u rare re*entare a "!o%ene! %a te%e"!*!une. 6!o%ena te%e"!*ua%& contr!.u!e %a #oc!a%!*area co !!%or+ 'a! a%e# a ce%or care nu d!# un de a%te #ur#e de -n"&are / cu%tura%!*are. 3n r!nc! a%+ #e -n"a& de %a te%e"!*!une care #unt co' orta'ente%e ce%or care nu %&te#c entru acte%e %or+ $! acea#ta cu att 'a! 'u%t cu ct e$t! 'a! defa"or!*at. D!n ace#t unct de "edere+ nu att cant!tatea+ frec"ena $! durata #cene%or de "!o%en& contea*&+ ct cant!tatea #cene%or re*entate ca un co' orta'ent entru care nu %&te$t!+ dac& nu a! fora $! daru% "!o%ene!+ cu #ufer!ne f!*!ce+ #!)!ce+ #oc!a%e+ 'ora%e+ dar f&r& ar&tarea efect!"& a co#tur!%or $! con#ec!ne%or. Ana%!*nd d!n unct de "erede ca%!tat!" re*u%tate%e cercet&r!%or efectuate+ #e oate foarte u$or o.#er"a c& e0 unerea -nde%un,at& a ce%or '!c! %a ace#t t! de ro,ra'e cau*ea*& o o.#truc!onare accentuat& a co' orta'entu%u! ace#tora. E0 u$! foarte 'u%t t!' %a ace#t ,en de e'!#!un! co !!! re*!nt& de"!a! co' orta'enta%e care #unt de natur& #& %e afecte*e de*"o%tarea #!)!c& $! -n ace%a$! t!' !nte%ectua%&. E#te o for'& er"er#& de a %e,!t!'a "!o%ena+ -n"&ndu(! e co !! c& -n "!a& "!o%ena e#te c#t!,&toare $! c& #ufer!na a%tora nu contea*&. Scene%e de "!o%en& -! fac e co !! -n 'od o.%!,ator!u 'a! "!o%en!+ dar e#te #!,ur c& r!n # ectacu%ar!*are -! e0c!t&. Re%a!a "!o%en& te%e"!*ua%& B co' orta'ente "!o%ente -n #oc!etate e#te+ cu' # un 'u%! cercet&tor!+ o re%a!e de cau*a%!tate. /ercet&r!%e efectuate ate#t& fa tu% c& 'odu% co' orta'enta% a% co !!%or e#te tota% 'od!f!cat -n ur'a !nf%uene! e care de#ene%e o au a#u ra co !!%or+ ace$t!a de"en!nd %a rndu% %or 'a! "!o%en! $! 'a! e0 u$! cr!*e%or $! tu%.ur&r!%or co' orta'enta%e care nu #unt # ec!f!ce "r#te! %or. De a#e'enea o a%t& conc%u*!e ce oate f! tra#& e#te aceea c& foarte 'u%! d!ntre &r!n! nu ded!c& un t!' nece#ar #u ra"e,)er!! $! 'ode%&r!! -n ceea ce r!"e$te co' orta'entu% co !!%or %or+ .a c)!ar uneor! ute' # une c& dau do"ad& de %! #& de d!#cern&'nt+

-nde'nandu! e ace$t!a #& "!*!one*e ro,ra'e%e de de#ene an!'ate care au un !' act ne,at!" a#u ra co' orta'entu%u! co !!%or.

Bibliografie: * Drgan I. si Velicu A. 7=??D; I' actu% u.%!c!taE!! a#u ra ar!nE!%or $! co !!%or + Bucure#$t!+ Ed!tura 6ane'onde * Drgan I. si Velicu A. 7=??@; Re re*entarea "!o%ene! te%e"!*ua%e $! rotec!a co !%u%u!+ Bucure$t!+ Ed!tura 6ane'onde. * Valicu,A. =??@;+ Re re*entarea "!o%en!e te%e"!*ua%e e cana%e%e entru co !!+ Bucure$t!+ Ed!tura 6ane'onde * Ver!a,".71@@A;+ P#!)o%o,!a "r#te%or + Bucure$t! + Ed!tura H: er!on