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\o-w t]n-Xo-en-o H-l- u\n-o.
A-d-h-an-bo !-lo- !-lo-o-t\n-w H-
!--Iw. X--udn-Iw \o-Z-V-X-I-;-tS A\n-e-c-Ww F- u]-co b--5-hn-Zw
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uf-gw e- A-]-co-No-X-t\ bn-^-bn-o.
B-Nn-cy [p-a-Zm i-co-h|n-ao-I-;-uS-Xn-Wm
r-w. B-g-\n-Z-=-an-w h|. \-uc--g--an-w \- _---n-bo--
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5-Xo-I-co-%-ta-w A-+w p-go-Wo--tS
h|-c-o [-co-o-m bn-^-bn-bo. 1882
D--c-n-c-X-o-td cn-P-n-\o-td
D-Z-b-0-co 5-ho-p-I-co--t- h-XynY-5-In-fw F- r--o-m 2009
Z-o-uW-y-bo-td a-d-bn-juZ-f-m
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tN-t-K--Xm h-Xyn-Y-5-In-fw 5-hop-I-co- e-gw X-t r--\o-ucn-[-\n 5-Xo-ucn-[o-m ]-cn-P-b-t- ~o-pgm 5-e--\-o-t ]-cn-P-b-o-w,
1926 av--Zo--tS h-in-b-n av-e-do
h--D- A-a-s-e-co F- -hmjpw ]-7oXo-t i-Sm5-In-fm F- r--5-In-f-\
Zv-Xy-o-w, H-S-m B-bo-c-o
tXn-n-bo-o \n-+-H-I-jo h-\n-X-\o
-bn-bo-bo-- [p. h|n-ao I-c-]n-ô a-incn-P-t c-m g-i-Zm en-dy--jn-bo
+xn 486 5
5-ho-p-I-co- ue-Zn-Y-]n-co-Pn-Xw F-
r--5-In-f-\-o-t ]-cn-P-b-o--anWm. E-go -2-cn-b tte-Zo-I eo-Z|n-n-tcnw X-t e-do-b [-aw -Sn-tX-X-t
h-Xyn-Y-5-In-f-t A-Xo-t tth-no-I-]--o D-l-o-m -u-lo-b-e-cnWm. B--J-an-bo C-^-w H-t---Xm
I-ko- 131 e-g-an-bo h-Xyn-Y-5-In-fw
F- r-w No-d--tS-tb-o-w D-l-w
tI--K- F---Hw, C-w A-Xm
N--m ]n-^-an-!- F---H-an-Wm.
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In-dw C-\o-w e-cn-\o-co-%--uX-->
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Zyv-Xy-t B-g-\n-Zw In--.
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C--t h--i-o N- B-w
[-o-n-tX u]n-en-t\-X-c-->. F-n
[-n---jn-b B-g-\n-Zw en-b-\-nco N- ue- 5n-[n-\yw ttI-e-co%-I-X-t-tN-w F-m eo-f|-ho--t.
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eo-f-Z-an-nw. C-un tX-o-\o-bo-td
]--!-K-In-c u\-co-m r--un-tSn-
--n-bo-- !-l-oo-td D--S--o-udm u]n-I-t. r--un-tSn--- !-lo-m
C-^-an-^-ua-->, ue-Z-e-2n--% --o-ud-m H- !--It F-o-%-. ue-Zn-[o-]-Xy-o-t\Xo-tc f-2-an-b [n-cn-jw uNn-Zy--;-Xo%-- !--I-o-td te-;-eo-jo-I
h|p-I-co-m (Refer
(Refer page 258)
2 8) C-Xo-m D-c- tIn--%-en I-ko--ta-o A-Xm
hn-y-an-%-I.
fo-en-\- \n-b, e-?-en-So-- 09.10.13.
C--t\ A-e-hn-\o-%- !-lo-o \o-w
r--o-t 258 nw u]-Po-ud-m u]n-Inw.
486 6 +xn
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r--hn--Pyw R--m B-Qo-I-a-.
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tN--. In-d--jn-bo X--eo-Zy-u-
I-j-w H-S--an-e-I F- uI-e-d d-y-anWm r---%--Xm. B \o-d-bo
C-tXn- !-Wy-5-e-o-X-t-bn-Wm.
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A--fy-\n-bo-co-n-\- B-Nn-cy C-eo-tS
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5-n-\-=w X-n-ln-Wm. a-lo-m B-K-a-hncw u_n-[y-t--e-m a-K-o-ud%w -h|n-K-Xw. F-Xo-en-Zw D--bo-t--o-t-o-w B-Nn-cy-t h-a-Q\- Aw-Kp-I-co--t--Xn-bo--t
e--ta- -So-w No-o-%-a-un.
b--5-hn-Zw 5-hn-[-I.
C-^-w en-bo-m I-ko--un-kn-Wm
h-an-[n-\-an-b-Xm. t]--un--In-c-t
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B-Nn-cyn A-u-b-% e--\w. a-lo-m ]-d

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D--c-]--=w a-\y-X !-d-u--Xn-Wm.
A-Xo F-t-o-w ep-G-hw--eo-n
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uc-J-t--o-tn--t. N-- h--i-o
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F- r-w B-[yn-Zo-I r--5-In-f-\cw-K-m !- D-W--em h-n-\o-
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B-g-\n-Zw. [n-ao-I-r---;-tS 5-Inf-\w tIn-m G-tX-o-w X-c-o--
v-Xo-I-u\-w D-n-!w F-m eo-f|-ho-%-e-c- B-g-\n-Zw 5-e--I. A-HtIn-m [-\n-K-a-an-K-a- r--ot 5-In-f-\-o--]o-o F- ey-2w.
]o-p-- G-I D-u-fyw 5-f-o-bn-Wm.
A-Hw C----w B-r-io-%- F-m
I--H-o-. D--a-u_n-[y-an-Wm
tX-o-\o-bo-td ]--!-K-In-c-t\-tn-m
e-co-I !-lo-o--Xm.
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r--ta-?-Xo uNn-Zo-n B-b-Xo-m X-nc-m F-m 5-Jyn-]o-u--Xm hn-an-\y--acyn-Z-bn-Wm, -eo-I--tS h|-n-e-=-an-Wm.

F-n-do-eo-tS r-w en-bo--un-t D-l-o- H- In-cy--m. H- en-o
r-w D--cw u\-- F-m. B
en-m a-tn--a-. I-~w F-- an^-an-Wm. A in Iww FSo
Bbotnt!
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N--t--%-->. A-Xo--uf-gw en-b-\n Xp--an-\o--t r--d-y-o-t
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A-Xm. A-Xo 5-[n-\-t- H- en-Zw
F-n-bmun-?w hw--eo-%--Xn-I-t 260
u]-- r--o-m C-^ --o-b cp-Xobo F--t\ a-c-]-So-]-l-bn-\n-!w
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o-Xo-m ?o-bn-Z-I-an-bo H- 5-Xo-Ico-u- [n-ao-I _n-[y-X B-g-\n-Zw
!-d-K--m. A-H-tIn-m an-^w B-g+xn 486 7
\n-Z-o-t eo-d-t- Xn-;-I A-Xo-\nbo \p-o-te--I-bn-Wm. H-w a-d-bn-jo

a-l- [n-ao-I-an-b en-Z-eo-en-Z--;-tS
N---tS H- !-\--p-e-\w C-eo-tS
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--m No-d-In-cy- en-b-\-n--tS
[-boud-m !-lo--t.
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\o-w A--So ]-I-o-b-Xn-Wm. A-Xo
e-- A-tte-Zo-I-No--I B-g-\n-Zw
Aw-Kp-I-co-%--e-b- a-lo-m B-Nn-cy i-coh|n-ao-I-;-uS-Xn-Wm.
2. 5-ubn-P-\-c-io-X-an-Wm F-m u_n[y-t-- \o-ao-gw en-Z-o \o-w
]o-n-c--Xo-m C----w h|-X--cn-Wm.
3. eo-P-b-]-cn-P-b- N---tS
d-y-a-. h-Xyn-Y-5-In-f-u_n-[w D-n=-I-tb--Xm an-^-an-Wm e-co-I-m
_-dw \---Xm.
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\o-c-K- ]-Xo-\-m tX-jo-=-I-jo-ud-m
\--m H- I-S--tN-nw. -B-K-a--;-tS
B-K-a-\-=w X--eo-Zy-w- F- X-d-tun---So-b n-K-n-Wm tXjo--e-I
\o-c-K--Xm. C--t\-bn-Wm A-Xm H-S-
--Xm. B-K-a--;-tS B-K-a-\-=w
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486 8 +xn
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e---m H-w X-t B-cw--=w
A-e-hn-\-=w C-. ]o-t-tb--t\-bn-Wm
ue-Z-o- -m fn-w F- en-Zw \o-d\o--I? ue-Z--jo \o-n-Wm fn--

D-Zm-eo-o-co-%--Xm F-n-Wm B-g-an-b
No-. A-]v--ug-b-en-Zw F-n-Wm F-m
A-lo-bn--e-an-^-ua, ô-In-dn-Xp-X-\n-b
-f|-c-w -m, -f|-c- uf-gw F-peo-[-o No-o-&. ue-Zw -f|-cp-b-a-
F- No-o-%--e-uc \n-o-I-t\-m eojo- -Xo-In-c No--tb -j-bo-td
-o-bo-co-%- F--Xn-Wm h-Xyw. \no-I ue-Z-\o--I-t\-m A-H-tIn-n-Wm
A-lo-b-t--Xm. n-c-Xp-b-h--+-o f|-c-t\ \o-ug-[o-%--e \p-cp-f|-c-en-Zoan-^-an-Wm, \n-o-\-. \n-o-I-\n-I-W-tao ue-Z--F-an-b fn---;-tS hn-[y-Xtb I-t-o ue-Z-\o--I-\n-bo an-ul-obo-co-%-. H- ]-u In-c-Ww -So
I-o-n-e-Ww E-go Z-bn-\- Xn-o-I-tc
\n-o-I-]--o-t--o-b-Xm.
2. ue-Z-o-t h|--]w Kw-p-c-an-!-.
5-uXy-Io-w C-^-ub-tl --Xyw
5n-]o- n-g--tS eyn-I-c-Ww, ttf-do
C-e -Sn-tX hn--io-I-ey-e-, a-e vXo-I A-lo-=-I, [n-ao-I-u_n-[w C-e-tbnw In-- F-o C-5-In-cw -]p-Ico-t-K-en C-Xo-\m F-^-ubn ---X
H- ]n-c--cyw D-n-bo---u ]-f?
A-n-tX H---5-n-X-o --X-tb-nw--So ue-Z--]-o Nn-So e-co-un!
-D--cw: C-eo-Sn-Wm I-ww! F-- in
I-ww! F-m -]-l-ub--Xm. In-c-Ww X-|No---tS K-w F-o---t-o
en-Z-t -un-m e--I-bo-. ue-Z-o-t
h|--]w Kw-p-c-an-!-en-- In-c-W-t
\nw Xo-co--lo-bn-tX u]n-!-, In-c-Ww
a--gy-t -wo-bo-dn-Wm A--W-X--tS
h|-n-e---Xm. -f|-cp-b--wo-bn-I-t
K-i-\-=w Kw-p-c-=-an-Wm. H- !-tn-So
-X g-i-n-b 5-]-w -?-eX-t B !-W-X-bn Kw-p-c-an-!-.
A-Xo-\n A-\--=w A-\n-Zo--an-b f|-cp-b-n-\w ue-Z-o -W-an-!-.
+xn 486 9
A-Xm Kw-p-cw an-^-a- -W-=w h-e-fn--;-uS-w B-Zo-a-un-X-w -So-bn-Wm.

A--W-X-bo \o-w -W-X-ubn
-W-X-bo \o-w A--W-X-ubn
hw--eo-%-o- F- u_n-[w \--m e-koIn-o-bn-I-t. Pp-en-Zn-eo-td A-n-\h|-n-e-=w -f|-c-\o-td n-\--W-Xw -f|-c-#-]-bn an-^w u_n-[y-an-!-Xn-Wm F-m tX-jo-em \-u u_n[y-t--K-.
3. ue-Zw 5-_-d-an-b--]-o B-Zo-X-ud (196 uIn-So-e-gw - -X-td-m
B-cy-h-an-Pw!) D-t-m ]-l-b-t--t-ow uI-e-dw A-n-bo-cw e-gw ]-k---
tth--e-\n-K-co-I-X-bo ue-Z-5n-an-WyX--tS bn-tXn-w d-y-an-bo-o-. ]-I-cw
Xn-o-I h--+--;-tS No-- d-o-o-m Xn-w. udn-I-o-td a-e No-d A-Xo
5n-Np-\ hw-n-c--jo-w Xn-o-I---I
d-o-o--m. (tX-u A-ua-co--bo-td anb hw-n-cw, -Po-]mgy-hw-n-cw
-X-dn-b-e)-D--cw: -5n-Np-\ E-go-!-d- a-gy-a-\-o tIn-o-te- ue-Zw I-o-t
]o-_-d-o X--o H-o-t--X-. \n- ue-Z--;w X--;-tS -Xo-]-Y-jo -c-o-X-an-o-b H- hw-n-cw
A-Xo-t h-F-h|-=w \-fo-o--uf-g-=w
C-w -c-o-X-an-tW-o A-Xn-eo-u
ue-Z-5n-an-Wy-X--tS tX-jo-em. ]-m X-d-l--- H- -eo-I-t -]-d-y-X-bod- ]n-c--cy-o-t tX-jo-em H----Xm.
-]-o-t-w do-]o--tS-w B-eo-ln-cw
-Xo--tS No--a-, -Xo-cn-io-Xy-o-t
No--an-Wm. A-n-bo-cw e-g- --,
C-w ue-Zw A--c-&-o-d J-J-co-do-td
~-1-h|w-a-Tw F- ue-Z-]n-T-fn-d-bo
hw-c-o-X-an-bo-co-%--Xm. A-m In-Wp-cotd ttf-e-X---eo-w B ue-Z-]n-Tw h-Xo-]-Y--jo-dn-Wm hw-c-o-X-an-bo-co-%-Xm. A-Xo-td-m A-Zm-Xw?. \--m ?tXu A-ua-co--bo-td an-b hw-n-c-=w,
-Po-]mgy-hw-n-c-=w !-ko-t--%-
10
486 10 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
hp--I-jo [-\-tt-c-en-I-g-W-b-w
I-t-nw. h|-o.
4. ue-Z-a--hw-io-X-I-jo-td-w
5n-[n-\-an-bo ]-l-o-o-n- w-In-cw,
ue-Zn-w -X 5-ho--=w f-2-=-an-b-Hw
ubn-K-eo-Zy-bo-w D-]-\o-g-o-w -ao-\m
a-in-5n-[n-\y--n-b-Hw. ue-Z-o-w -
-X \o-d-\o- e-- B-K-a a-
D-]n-h-\n h|n-[p-\-t !-lo-%-.
(w-In-c-- uI-e-dw b--ue-Zn-yw D-]\o-g-Zm h--f-=-an-Wm.)-D--cw: E-K|-Zw H-nw a-7-d-o-td
-nw -2w G-knw a-w, b--ue-Z-a-
i-co-h|n-ao, H-S-m H-- A-u\-I-nK--jo A-m In-Wn- Hnn-c--m.
a-n--?-a-Wo-I-tb-o-w H- ]-c-Xo-bo-u]n-uc B-K-a a- X-w. X-hy
en-N-I 5-W-e-ta--m 5-Jyn-]o- ]-Xmdo-In-Wn- F-m X--an-Wm C-\o-b-m
hw-io-X-bo-w Z-ufn-]-\o-g-K-I-jo-w
F-o-m [p#--t Kp-X-bo-w I-tK-I.
5. A-Y-e ue-Z-o-td a---jo
\o-w R--t-Xo-uc f---jn
5-ubn-Ko--t-- tt]-fn-No-I f-2oI-tj R- F-Xo-%- F--a-o--
a-- ue-Z-In-d-K- a-t-un B-oNn-c ]--Xo-tb In--. Xn-o-I
D-]n-h-\-I-jo-d-n-tX a-tn-co-S-Kw a-nZo 5-ubn-K- C-. g-i-Zn-c-Wy-I D-]\o-g-o-td B-o-Nn-c-h--fy 5-ua-b-;w, C-H-X-t In--.
-D--cw: G-Xm a--o-dn-Wm F-m
]-l--o-. en-Zw F-^-ubn-In-d-an-bo
B-ucn-]o-%--Hw tX-jo-eo-n--H-an-Wm.
eyn-Jyn-\-o-t eo-uf-g-X-tb ]-co-N-bt-Sn en-Z- D-]-I-co-u-nw.
A-f|-h-i-f-b-\w -X K-W-]-Xo--tS
In-a-uI-jo-I e-tc ue-Z-a--o-t nK-an-tW-m ]-l-- C-S-a-c-Io-t -2oen-Zw Xn-o-I-t ]--t-bn-Wm
J-7o-%--Xm. E-go-#-X n-gy-t-b-.
A-Y-e-o B-o-Nn-c--m F-m en-Zo-
%--e tte-Zo-Icp-Xobo fn---tj

In--I-u]n-w tN-n--e-cn-Wm.
6. ue-Z-o-td 'b--a-[|-cw'
C-Xm Pp-e-i-Xy-bo-n- b--an-tW-
en-%w [(E-uK|-Zw 1.1.4) E-uK|-Zw n-gnn-gyw -- H.-Fw.-ho.-\n-cn-b-W \--Xoco-n-Sm] A-Xo- I-S- [-a ]--Xo-I-;w
A-n-d-m a-t-eo-tS-ubn -K-e-[-un-tS- b--]--Xo-I-;w, h|n-n-eo-I-an-b
5-#-Xo un-K-Pp-eo-X-=w D-n-bo-co-%-
F- In--. (A-Xo-t\ F-Xo-%-I-bn-Wm
ue-Z-a-m F--Yw)-D--cw: bn-K-]-co-N-bw F- r-o-t H- 5-Xo C-Xn hv-P-\y-an-bo
A---tS ]--td-K-. A-tXn-m
en-bo-n-w.
7. C-, e-n--[w, a-k 5-ubnK-[|-\o-bo-- ]-d a---;w !-7-do-\p
D-n-c-Ww, A--X 5-en-iw F-p Xn-oI hw--I-ujn-Sm I-S-n--m. !--g-2-o-td h-i--fp-gw, h-i-n-w,
h-i--]n-Xm, -ao, Z-fnw-Y-dw, C-e-bo-w
g-Un-[n-cn-Zo B-K-a-No-- D-m.-D--cw: G-Xm fp-g-o-w G-Xm
A--o-w B-Wm F- -So ]-l-.
8. ue-Z-o--uf-gw ue-Z-t A--Ico--n-b-Xn-Wm !-cn-W- F- ]-l-bt--. F-o-w ue-Zw h--+o-o -So-bon--a-o-- ]--~-1 h--+n-Zo-I,
ô--o h--+w, N-H--f-udn-Iw, \n-
-K h--+w C-e A-Xo e--tX-o-t\?
C-e Xn-o-I ho-n---;-tS h|n-[p-\- Z-f-\--jn-Wm F-m tX-jo-bo-n-=-Xn-Wm.
-D--cw: eo---2w, fo-e-h--+-2w, \n-h-Zp-b--2w, F-o-e-tb-&-SntX uZ| ^p-Wo N-X|n-co #-E F- ueZ-a--o \o-w -K-h--+-=w I-tnw. 9. -K-_-do, In-jp h--+w, dow-Kncn-[-\, c-Xo -P, \n-cp -P, ]-'a'In-cw,
!-7-do-\-Pn-K-c-W-]--Xo C-e-tbn-w
ue-Zw ]-l-o---uX-b-. ]-u n-c-X-
o-u-tb-- udn-I-N-co-^-o X-t

G--=w ]-k--ua-lo-b B-cn-[-\n cp-Xo-Ijn-bo C- K-ue-g-I D-l-o-o-- C-e
G-H h--Zn-b-o-u-Xn-Inw? ue-Z -eoI-an-b H- [n-c--uS-H X-t-bn-eo-u?-D--cw: F-u? N-%-j-mt]n-n-dw, B-e-In-t]n-n-d-w h-Xo-w -So
ue-Z-In-d-o-\--l-u-m H- [n-c-bn-bo
5-Xo-~o-nw? F-o- !-l--Ww A--bô-Xp-b-m H- Xn-o-I t]n-I-e--So
g-Vn-[n-c-5-Xo-~-bn \-.
10. C--t eo-r-in-cn-[-\--tS
5--Jnw-K-an-b -Pn--\n X--W-
Xn-o-I ?o-bn-ubn-Knw-K-an-tW-m
]-c-t 5-ho--a-u^. ue-Z-u-n-;-]-co
io--a-X-t Ip-k-S-o-b-Xm D-]n-h-\n
cp-Xo-I-jn-Wm. ue-Z-h|n-[p-\-In-d-o--ufgw, A-Xo-u\-n e--Xn-bo ue-tln-m
F--t\ B-eo--eo-%w? C-tXn-t ue-Z-e-o-td \o-d-\o-o-co--Ww. A-uX
\yn-b-->.-D--cw: \yn-bw ey-nh-t\
u_n-[y-t--o Kp-X-bo H- u^n-Iw
-So \yn-b-t--u--Xn-Wm. H-w ]--w uIn-ko---w Z-K-bo 5-Xo-~o- -ôI ]-!-t-- ]n-Io-n-\o C-m
io--a-X-t-an-^-a- No-d B-Nn-c-
Ip-k-S-o-en-?--Xm, A-Xm -So ue-Z-In-do-w -n-bo 5-Xo-~o-u--H-m
fo-e-u\. A--ubn -en-u\ A---tS
\yn-b-o-m uIn-w X-n-tX-bo-co--t.
11. an-d-bo P-]o-%-I, ttI---I
5-Z-fo-o-%-I, uZ-e-Xn-h|--]w [yn-\o%-I, _p-P-a--hn-[-\, b-n-e-c-W -P
C-e-tbn-w tte-Zo-I-X-bo-do-. ]o-t
C-e--tS -e-Sm G-Xm [n-c-bo \o-w?-D--cw: e- ttP-\ ]n-c--cy-o
\o-w.
12. ue-Z-o-t -Jy-an-b bn-K-]--Xou]n-w B-K-ap-b-an-b -dn-[n-c !-7-do\p h--+-o \o-n-tW-m A-lo-bn
\o--m h-Xy--;-tS !--Iw D-X-!w.
uhn-a-d-X, A-Xo-t c-hw, uin-a-!-7+xn 485 11
ARSHANADAM 485 NOVEMBER - 2013
11
o-td ubn-\o B-#-Xo, -e--tS dow-Knr-n-b, C-e-tbn-t h|-X--an-b ue-Z-nb-tb tX-;-ua In--o-. a-lo-m !-7-do\o h-i-n-c fo-e-tta-w-\-=w A--X
(uhn-a) 5-en-i-=-an-bn- _-w.
X-|n-So-n-\w G-Xo-u-Xn-enw? B-K-a-;-uS-H-X-t.
-D--cw: [v-Xw F-w n--taw uI-o--m, 5-en-iw B-Zy-an-bo
In--I-bn-Wm. 13. uPyn-Xo-gw, B--ue-Zw, hw-KpX -n-Zo I-d-I, B--[-In-bo-In-Zo
A-yn-h-eo-Zy-I C-e-tb-nw tte-Zo-I
A-e-In-f en-Zw D--bo-%-ta-o-w ue-Zo- -u C-e B-w D-]-ubn-Ko-o--ou? Xp--bn-w ubn-Kp-f|-c-n--tS udnI-t d-x-e--X-I ue-Z-o--uf-gw
5-_-d-an-bo F-u D->. h--h|-c--;-tS
eo--P-\w, -cyn-Zo G-km -Jy r-i-,
h--[n-H No-Io-en-eo-[o, C-e-tb-nw
f-cp-c- G-? N-?--;-an-b-u _-w?
X-w, f-cp-cn-[o-~o-X fn--ta-m hw-f-b-un?-D--cw: F-n ]o-t a--=w b-=w !-X--=w -So hw-f-b-\o-en-c-Wo-\n-bo A-m eo-[o-n-w.
14. -wo, ]-co-Wn-a -]-an-tW- B-\o-I I-t--do- h-a-an-bo ubn-\o-ecmKx I-dn-f-cp-cw F--S--- fo-e--^
]-Z- \-- 'In-a-I-dn eo-In-hw' F-
fo-e-f-2o-]-co-Wn-a-en-Zw B-K-aw F-
G-I Z-f-\-o-ud n-c-Xp-b fn---jo->. _n-o-tb-n-bo-S-Kw -f|-c u\co- -wo-o-co-t, X- Z-f-\-o an^w fo-e-w f-2o-w, ey-Xy--an-b I-d-Iujn-tS ubn-Po-m -ucn P-n--c--jn-bo
64 I-d-I-jo--tS ]-co-W-ao- an-c- H-nbo -wo-tb ]-l--. B--\o-I fn-w,
udn-I--wo-]-c-an-b A-e-hn-\-ta-o-b
']-co-Wn-a en-Zw' ubn-Kp-f|-c-n B-Zy-ua
I-2 F--Xm B-K-aw an-^-ua hn-y-t-K--j-<. udn-I-a-X--jo-un-w!-D--cw: ]-co-Wn-a-en-Z-a--h-co-m
12
486 12 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
\--tS -eo-I A-f|-,-Z-b--c-

Y-ucn! en-\-c-n-cn-Wm. ue-Z-In-d-o-w
-u ]-m ]-m Hn--I-%w Zo-u\n-hl--I-%w -u.. A-uX c-1 Pp-e-_o- a-d-ubn-c--jo a-l-eo--tS X--=an-bo \-S-n-\o-l-o-b Xn-o-I-In-d-m
64 I-d-I-;-an-bo P-n--c--;-tS ?-a-cnio-Xy-t ]-To-m ]-To-m a-l-eo--tS ud-Iu-m bn-^-bn-bo... D--cn--\o-I A[-cn--\o-I-u\n-Sm uNn-Zo--u^ ue-Z-an-uWn
a-l--Xm X--an-uWn F-m I-ww C-\o-tbo-w P-+-\- R--;-tS In-H-I
uI-n-tX-bo-co--t I-C-I In-WntX-bo-co--t!
15. A-e-hn-\-an-bo ]-l-b-t, ue-Z-an-Wm
B-Zy-ta-o, tte-Zo-I E-go-an, A-Xo-t\
[yn-\-o--tS a- Z-f-\w tN- F-nW-un en-Zw. F-o [yn-\-]--Xo
]-To-o--Xn-cm? [yn-\-X-]-o n-\w
d-o-%-ta- n-\w, ue-Z-o---u
A-e-m F--t\ d-o-? G-H h--Znb-o-t n-K-an-Wm [yn-\-=w ubn-K-=w?
ue-Z-o bn-K-=w [-a-=-a-u --X-w
e--->? [yn-\-ubn-Kn-Zo-I Xo-I-w
B-K-a-Z-f-\-an-Wm. ho--ubn-Kp-f|-c-n-uS-Xn-Wm.- -C-5-In-cw e-j-tc-b-[o-Iw
tX-jo-=-I \-nw. ue-Z-o-w -- H-
[-\y In-d-t--o. B h-Xy ]-n-eo
\o-w 5-Jyn-]o--t- 5-Xo-_ow-_-
In-d-o-t F-n ue-do-ub---;w I-S-m
F-n-d-Kw, G-H uZ-f-n-uc-w 5-uNn-Z\w tN-o--tIn-m \o-d-\o--. A-Xn-Wm
B-K-a Z-f-\-. a-i-n-b cp-Xo-bo
ubn-Ko-an--tS u_n-[-o-ud-m B-K-ao-Xn-Wm B-K-a Z-f-\-. A-H In-dn-c-o fn---]w [-co--un, h|nn-eo-I-an-b a-do-\-X-I-;w, -o-u--w
H-t-bn-bo H-?-Io-tb-o-b-un C-m
A-Xo-t\ 'X--eo-Zyn' F- eo-jo-%-.
A-^-an-^w.
-D--cw: C-\o-bo-un F-n-Wnuen ue-do-bo-l-w, ~-1-W-r---jo
eo-g-bw e-j-tc -w-=w --c-=-an-bo
ueZot aiX|w (HS)
I-a-dn\ucg
n\uc
g
ueZjotd A-u\-In-Y-Ittf-do
sshZnI ssieohnNmcwssieohnNmcw
uKn-e-cw- tIn-1- ]-co-]n-I|-an-%- uhn-aw-ff-I-a-bw --a-an-cn-Z-]-fyw eo-j-e-Xn
]-c G-\n-e-uc-W.- -D-n-Ww #-To-a-]-N-
ep-cn-n-\o [-cman-Wo 5--Y-an-\yn-h-\m..-(E-uK|-Zw. 1. 164. 43; A-Y-ew. 9. 10. 25)-n-en-Yw:w:- Rn e-j-tc -tc Nn-W-Ie-c-jo (uKn-_cw)--tS !-I In--. A-Hm
eo--X-an-b -uKn-j-o---l--
B-In-f-o-dn- -fy-an-!--Hm. ep-c-n-
...sXn\nbnse ]Ipv...
5-In-fo-o-o--m. [yn-\-]--Xo an-^-a-.
\-Xo--uS-w -Xo--uS-w ]-T-\-]--Xo
A-eo-tS -w-an-bo uc-J-t--o-bo--m.
A-u-ubn i-co-h|n-ao-I-uj A-m Z-b-enbo [p-a-Zm Xn-o-I !-d-]-Xo I-c-]n-ôa-in-cn-Po-t ue-Zn-Y-]n-co-Pn-Xw F-
r-w ]-To-&. B r--o-td Xn-o-I]--en-Zw C-Xo-w f-2o---Hw -2o--=-an-Wm. B-b-Xo-m B-cy-h-an-Pw \-ob a-c-]-So-bn-Wm ue-Zn-Y-I-+--aw F-
r-w. A---tS --f-5-e--\-om ue-Zn-Y-]n-co-Pn-Xw e-ko-In-o-bn-!-tao ue-Zn-Y-I-+--aw B-g-\n-Z-=w a-dbn-jp-I-co-%- 5-e--\-o G-tSnw. A-X- A-m ]o-n-c-I-bn-tW-o,
Z-bn-\--hn-io-Xy-hn-I-dy-o-t H-
5-Xo hv-P-\y-an-bo A---tS ]--tdo-nw. A-lo-bn-w A-lo-bo-n--an-I-t
\--tS 5-b-Uw. ndp-!-dn-I-\ynub-\ --X eo--co-n-tX \o--t!.
F. ueZ5Infm
ueZ Infm
cn-b bn-o-I D-n-#-To-tb-

uhn-a-t ]n-Iw tN---Xo-t !-I-]-S-dan-m AeotS In-j--tS !-l-t !-oI u]n-td tX-jo- In---Hm.
ep-c-n F-o-\o-Xo-t\ (D-n-#-To-tb)
]n-Iw tN--Ww? A-X-e--tS [-aw X-tubn? D--(In-j) B-cn-m? f-I-a-ban-b -aw F-n-m?-5n-Np-\ ]n-c--cy-a--h-co-m In-j
(D-n-#-To) uhn-a-e-o-bn-m. f-I-a-b-aoXo f-I--a D-n-Ww #-To ao-Xo uhn-ax.
(E-Im h-cmen--?-a-Wo) hn-b-W-w uhn-a
-ta- X-t-bn-m n-gyw tN-o-co-%-
-Hm. g-i-u-e-X (4.41)-bo-w uhn-a-t
D--tb-n-m ]-l-o-co-%--Hm. hn-bW-n-gy-a--h-co-m C-eo-tS ep-c-n-tc-
]-l-o-co-%--Hm E-X|o-%-I-tj-bn-m.
"epep-cn eo-eo-u[ c-W-!-f-dn E--X|o-Pxx" (g-iu-e-X) A-e uhn-a-d-X ]n-I-t--K-Ibn-m. A-Xo-\n-dn-m -a-]-S-d-
D-b-m -fy-an-!--Hm. A-H-I-
b-P-an-\ ]-l-- Rn-\o-Xn f-I-a-b--aw
A--co--o In--. B ]-S-b- eyn-]o-%- A-e-c--a-n A-Xo-In-c-W--X-\n-b D-Xm#-w-A-lo-ub-w
In--. -eo-[w eyn-Jyn-\o-o-m
hn-b-W ey-Xy--an-b a-tn- eyn-Jyn\-o--tS H- u^n-Iw c-No-o-co-%-.uhn-a D-n--e-Xm --cmew Xw uZ-enx
f-#-Xn-]-N-\m. b-n-cmuY X-Zm-uen --uan ua-LB-hp-Xm X--Ny-uX.+xn 486 13
13
-X-Xm]-c-uX|-\ en a-un-n-eyn-uJy_
-ubn bw eo-N--ttWx-..
-C-Xo-t n-en-Yw uhn-aw D--bn-m.
b-n-Y-o uZ-e-n Nn-W-I-e-cjo--]-ubn-Ko-m uhn-aw ]n-Iw tN--.
A-Xo \o--n-b !-I-]-S-d- -a-jn-bo A--co--o ua-L-an-bop-. A-Xn-Wo-eo--t f-I-a-b--aw.-B-Zn-\--t A-o-5n-b-o
-S a-m A-Y-en f-I-a-b --aw,
w F-no-t\-w A--fy-an-o-te-%- (!-I-a-l)
A-n-\-an-tW-n-m. h-e-^ eyn-]o
-%- 5-Xy-n-Zo-5-an-W--jn ho-an-b ~-1w (eo-j-e-Xm) A-n-\o-bn-b
Pp-e-t\n-w o-Xo tN--. A-Xo-t\
a-in-en-Iyn-Y-u_n-[-n D-Zme--cn-b,
A-eo-Zy-bn A-n-\o-I-jn-b a--gy
I-1-tIn-o-co-%-. -]-ui-do ]-d-eo[-o eyn-Jyn-\o-o--1m. No-d-Xo-eo-tS
eo-e-co-nw.1. D-n-#-To (In-j) ]n-Yo-e h---an-m.-D-n h--x (E-uK|-Zw 5. 47. 3) ep-c-n-cn-b
E-X|o-%-I -cy-Io-c-W--;w. "eoeo-ufug-W -c-b-o -cm[|w uu5--c-b-o
]n-cmYo-en-\m c-hn-\o-Xo ep-cnx --cy-c-Wyx."
yx.
B -cy-Io-c-W- h----]o-bn-b
In-j-tb ]n-Iw tN--. A-Xn-b-Hm X-]oo-m h---an-%-. A--t\ h---P-dw
_n-p-I-co-m \p-cn-eo-bn-bo A--co-o-ud-%-b- t]n--. A-eo-tS A-Hm
ua-L-an-bo -]w tIn-=-. ua-Lan-m f-I-a-b--a-an-bo 5Xyan
Xyan!---Hm.
F--tIn-t-n 5-Xy--o B
In-ua-L-\o-lw Nn-W-I-e-c-jo-I-K-un?-n-!- !-I -S a--u]n-td 5-XpX-an-!--Xn-m.- "The whole may, perhaps
be a figurative description of the gathering
of the rainclouds" F-n-m ro-ô-m
CXot\%lom ]-l-o-co-%--Hm. ua-uL
f-I--hy --ax h-do-dw en-h G-e-ex.
(g-i-u-e-X. 4. 41)2. f-I--a-o-\-Yw --a-uI-H--tjun, en-\--^-ta-un B-en-ta-w
14
486 14 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
H-c-o-5n-b--1m. -a-uI-H--%m _en\--^-o-m _ - n-K--;-1m. X-d,

uI-w, en-d-w F-o--t\. en-dm h-Zn
In-Wn-lo-. -cy-hn-ap-]y-o an-^-ua
-a-uI-H--;-tS en-5-Xy--t-Sn-c->.
-cy-u\n-Sm G--=-a--K F-o--ko-un -cy-Xn-]-n C-e--tS D-o
\o-w c-uPn-_o---tj-un-tdn- ]-ZnYw 5-e-io-%--Xn-bo 5-Xp-X-an-!-.
A-Xm b-Yn-Y-o -cy-c-Wo--tS 5-Inf-o B n-Kw 5-Xy--an-!-un
Xo-j-- en-\--^w I-o-P|-do-%un-?-n-!- -a-an-bo-co-nw. F-n
-S-a-o-t \o-lw 5-In-f-a-b-antW--Xn- h-Xyw. ]n-Yo-e--aw #-n-an-m. A--co--o I-o P|-do%-- en-\--^ --aw 5--In-f--W-=w.
A-Xo-\n ttZ-eo-I 5--tb "]]-c
G-\n A-e-uc-Wm A-Xn-b-Hm C-Hm ]n-cmYo-e
--a-u-n eo-fo-w-=w o--=-an-m."
-aw F-eo-tS \o--e--? C-eo-tS
D-n-#-To (-a-uI-H-en-b en-\--^w)
tb ep-c-n-cn-b (-cy-Io-c-W-)
]n-I-t--K-I-bn-m. A-Xo-t !-I-bn-
\- In---Hm.3. Iv-fo-I--^w 100. 3 a-w
N--r-i-W-o-t 5n-n-b-Lo- In-c-W
-an-bo eo-\o-ubn-Ko-o-co-%--Xn-bo In-
-. A--t\ N--r-i-W-]-c-an-w
a-w eyn-Jyn-\o-nw. N--r-i-Ww B-cwo-%-I-bn-.m -W-N--_ow-_w tX-jo \o--. A-Xn F-eo-tS \o-un H-
!-I-a-l H- e-f-Km A-+n-+-an-bo -fy-an-!. ?-ua-W ue-K-o A-Hm N--_ow-_t -?-e -So a-l- I-j-. C-Hm
]n-Yo-e--a-a-. C-Hm ]-c-udn-I-K-\o-w
e--H-X-t. N--t\- D-n-#-Totb -cy-Io-c-W--]o-I-jn-b ep-c-n
]-co-]-I|-an-%-I-bn-m. A--t\ N-
ep-1w 5-In-f-en-\n-bo-p--.
I-c-K-!-I-a-l F-eo-tS \o- e--Xn-m.
G-Xn-bn-w A-Hm -a-a-. aobo
\o. AHm A-e-c--udn-I-o-w
Zf\fneoNncw
I-a-dn\ucg
n\uc
g
\ymbZcvi\w
(aigo KvXat \ynbZf\ ^;ww

AetS
Ae
tS dx
d AYeoecW
AYeoecW=w)
w)
cnw A[ynbw --- cnw BoIw

B oIw
-5-an-W hw-Jyn-]-cp-- 5IcWw
IcWw -f-p-5-an-W-o -Xp-iyw X-Yn A-2.1 \ N-H-w-|-tta-Xo-iyn-cmYn-]-o _
A-n-e-5n-an-Wyn-Xm. (130)
hw--ennA-uI-e-dw \n-td-Bw an-^-a- 5-an-Ww
F-n-w -Xp-iyw A-Yn-]-o, hw-ew, A-n-ew F-o-e-w 5-an-W-an-m.
2.2 f-p -Xp-iyn-\-cmYn--c-n-en-Z- _
\AA-cmYn-]-ohw--en-n-en-\- _
an-u\
cmYn--c n-en-n-5-Xo-ug-[x. (131)
an-\-o. A-Yn-]-o-w hw--e-=w

A-n-e-=w A---eo-o-co-%--Xo-\n,
5-an-W-N-H-w-b-o-t\ \o-ug-[o-n-\neo-.
2.3 A-cmYn-]-o-c-5-an-W-a-tt\-_
In-o-I-X|n-Xm. (132)
-A-Yn-]-o ey-o-Nn-co uZn-g-n
(A-tt\-In-o-I-X|-n) 5-an-W-a-.
ssieohnNmcw- (HS)
ssieohnNmcwA--l-K-\o---Xn-m. A-Xn-m
riWeo2\no N--\n-!- D-n#-To-tb --cy-Io-c-W--]o-I-jn-b E-X|o-%I ]n-Iw tN--]-co-]-I|-an-o N--t\
5--In-f--W-\n-%Hmm.4. A-Y-ew 6. 128 f-I--a-t
\--^--;-tS cn-Pn-te-m ]-l-o--1m.
hn-an-u\y-\ \--^--;-tS cn-Pn-em N-N--an -\--^n-Wn- a-Yo-]-Xo.
\n-m. (NA-Y-ew. 9. 10. 26) F-n C-eo-tS
5-I-c-W-o N--t\- A-Yw 5-h-2ua-b-. F--tIn-t-n 5--X-f-Ian-b -aw G-Hm b--n D-n-!-Xn-uWn, B-%-ue-o --an-b Zo-e-ht 5n-Yo-%--uen A-Xo-w H-
A-uin-cn-^n-ynw \--u^--yx
N---1m. [A--cy-N--a-hn-ynw. -n-i-a--yw cn-P-\m
f-I--a X|w #--Yo. A-Y-ew. 6.1283]
6.1283 --an-b
Zo-e-h-o--ue-o-- 5n-Y-\ N--ue-o-bn-m. F-n 5n-Yo-%--Hw
N--u\n-Sn-m. A-H f-co-bn-=-I-bo-.

C-eo-tS f-I--aw B-In-f-a-[y-o-td
5--In-f-]-S-dw (p-c-]-Yw) A-Y-en
t\-e-d F- ]-l---Xn-=w --X
-2w. C-Xo-t\ ue-Z-o A-Zo-Xo F-w
]-l---1m. (E-uK|-Zw. 10. 72) A--t\- [n-cn-jw 5-In-f-h--i- B-In-fep-Yo-bo cn-ô-In-d--jo 5-Xy--anm. A-Xo 5-f--an-b H- \--^-h-i-an-m -K-fp-gw A-Y-en a-I-bo-c-\-^w. 5--X ]-ui-do-bo-w f-I--a-t
p-c-]-Y-o-td 5-In-f-]-S-d-an-bo
]-l-o---1m. In-j--tS fp-g-o-t
B-#-Xo-bo-dn-Wp \--^ h--iw In--Hm. A-H-In-- n-e-\n-h---\n-b
-wn-eo-t B-Z-K-X-an-m B-In-f-ep-Yobo-td-eo-tS-ubn ep-c-n-cn-b E-X|o-%-I
uKn-e-cw tIn-1m uhn-aw ]n-I tN--Xo-t !-I-]-S-d-an-m Rn In---Hm.
A-Hm eo-i-e-Xm uc-J-%-a--lw ]-c-udn-I-K\o-n-m -fy-an-!--Hm B-cn-Wo-H tN--Hm? B-%-ue-o?
(HSw)
+xn 486 15
15
2.4 A-\-cmYn-]-n-e-cmYn-]-Xy-o-an-\n-Xm.
(133)
-A-Yn-]-o-bo A-tt\-In-o-I-Xn
uZn-gw B-ucn-]o-%--Hm \o-c-Y-I-anm.
In-c-Wot A-n-e-o In-ucyn-+o D-n-!-o-.
2.5 5--Xo-ug-[n5nn n-an-Wyw_
Nntt\-In-o-I-X|n-Xm. (134)
-B-o-Nn-c-uZn-g-n A-Yn-]-o 5-anW-a- FHm \oug[enIyanm. h|bw
5-an-W-a-n--Xo-m a-tn-o-t\ \o-ug-[o%-en-w hn[ya-.
2.6 X-Xm5n-an-uWy-en \n-cmYn-]-Xy_
5n-n-an-Wyw. (135)
--e-]--o-t 5-Xo-ug-[-o- 5n-anWy--t-o A-Yn-]-o-%w A-5-anW-X|w ho-o-%-I-bo-.
2.7 \n-n-e-5n-an-Wyw 5--ua-bn-ho-uxx
(136)
-A-n-ew 5-an-W-a-. IncWw A-Xo-m
5-ua-b-ho-o-bo-.
2.8 d-o-uX-g|-d--W-d-o-X-X|n--_
Zd-o-Xn-\nw-X-Xm5-ua-b ho-ox.
(137)
-\o-l---Hw \o-l-ao-n--Hanb c1
e---, C-n--e-bo B \o-lw
B-ucn-]o-m A-n-e-t -wo-%--Hm
ui-H-J-\y-an-m. CeotS dWot
Anew n\ot IncWanbo.
n\ ot uiH5anWanIbn
Anew 5anWanm.
2.9 A-h-Xy-cmuY \n-n-e C-Xo-uN- _
A-\y-d--uWn-]-]-u (138)
-h- (D-n-bo---]-Zn-Yw) C-n-Xn!--Hm A-n-e-an-m. d--W--2-an-b
]-Zn-Y-o d--uWn-+-o-In-Wn-\n!-. A-n-e-t I-o--X-t e-eo-t\ Xo-co--lo-bn I-ko-w.
2.10 X-eo-u--c-d-o-uX-g|-ui-H (139)
-d--W-ao-n- e---jo B d--Wao- F- A-n-e-ho-o-bo ui-H-enn I-ko--I-bo-. d-o-X--jo d--
16
486 16 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
W--1m. A-d-o-X--jo A-Xo- A-HtIn-1-X-t d--Wn-n-e-=-ao-.

2.11 \, d--Wn-e-o-Xn-u]-n-ho-uxx
(140)
]d eeow dW1m. NodXo
C. dWw fyanebo Ane
ow Au]nho eeot\ Alo
.
2.12 5n-n-Y--u-c-n-uen-]-]-u L (141)
-]-Zn-Y-o-t D-+-o-%--w D-+-o-%uf-g-=w A-n-e--n-!--H -dw A-n-ew
5-an-W-an-m. (D-Zn. !-Sw)
-f-p-5-an-Ww
2.13 B-Zo-a-|n-ttZ-o-b-I-X|n-Xm _
#--X-I-e--]-Nn-cn- (142)
f-pw A-\o-Xy-an-m. B-Zo-an = D-+-o
In-c-W-an-I-bn - C-o-b h-o-I-g-rniy-an-I-bn-w - u[n-^--] _n-uiy-ob--jn r-io-n I-ko---Xo-\n-w,
A-\o-Xy-ey-e-in-c-In-cyw u]n-td h-an-\-X--Xo-\n-w f-pw A-\o-Xy-an-m.
2.14 \, L-Sn-n-e-hn-an-\y-\o-Xy-X|n-o-_
uXy-g|-]y \o-Xy-e--]-Nn-c-n-L-Sn-n-ew hn-an-\y-=w \o-Xy-=-an-I-bn,
\o-Xy-e--eo A-\o-Xy-e- B-ucn-]oo-co-%--Xo-\n-w ( - ui-H--;w)
f-p-o-t A-\o-Xy-X|w ho-o-o-%o-.
2.15 X-|-n-2-ubn-cm\n-\n-X|-eo-n-Kn _Z-ey-o-Nn-cx. (144)

X-|w = ]n-c-an-Yo-Iw A-H-u]n-td,
n-2w = Y-W-o \n-\n-X|--] eo-n-Kw
(]-c--c-o--X|w) D-1m. A-Xo-\n B
ui-H--jo ey-o-Nn-c-uZn-gw C-.
(\n-\n-X| ]--eo-n-Kw)
2.16 h-n-\n--an-\-eo-uf-g-Wn-Xm. (145)
-f-p-o h-n-\- (]-c--c--tS)ot
A--an-\-eo-uf-g-W-n f-pw A-\o-Xyan-m.
2.17 In-c-W--ey-hy-5-uZ-f-f-up--\n-A-o-_
[n-\n-o-uXy-g|- ]y-ey-o-Nn-cx (146)
-In-c-W--ey-o-t 5-uZ-fw-f-pn
]-l---Xo-\n-w \o-Xy-]-Zn-Y-o-w
ey-o-Nn-c-uZn-gw e--o-.
2.18 5n-n-Y-n-c-Wn-Z--]-d-ut--cn-e-c-Wn-Zy _--]-d-ut L.. (147)
D-n-c-W-o----m A--]-d-t-an-bo
co%I-w, A-H-u]n-td B-e-c-Wn-Zo
Z|n-cn A--]-d-to C-n--Xo-\nw,
f-pw Dnbo \fo%XnIbnw
fpw A\oXyanm.
2.19 X-Z--]-d-ut--c--]-d-amn-Zn-e-c-uWn _]-]-o. (148)
-f-p-o-t A--]-d-to-b-lo-bn I-ko-bn-bn B-e-c-W-o-t D-]-]-o D-n!-.
2.20 A--]-dw-n-Z-]y--]-d-to _
h-Zmn-e-\n-n-e-c-Wn--]-]-o-c _
--]-dw-n-Xm. (149)
-f-p-o-t A--]-d-to-bn (A-lo-bn-bn) X-S--ao-t-n-tW-o B-e-c-W-aot- uXn---Hw A--]-dw--n-dn-m.
A-H-tIn-1m A--]-d-to \o-ug-[-In-c-Wa-.
2.21 A--]-dw-n-Z-I-X|n-Z- _
-]-d-ut--c-ui-Hx (150)
-D-]-d-to--tS A-n-e-an-m A--]-d-to.
A-n-e---Xo-t D-]-d-to A-hn-[y-anm. A-H-tIn-m A--]-d-to (B-e-c-Ww)
A-ui-H-en-m.
2.22 A--cmf-X|n-Xm. (151)
--f-c-io-X-an-b-Xo-\n f-pw \o-Xyan-m. B-In-f-t-un-td.
2.23 \, I-cman-\o-Xy-X|n-Xm. (152)
-ey-o-Nn-co-bn-I-bn (A-]-en-Z---H
-tIn-1m) ui-H f-co-b-. I-a-t-w
-fo--lo-bn-\n-!-I-bo-. ]-u I-aw

A-\o-Xy-an-m.
2.24 \n-, AA -\o-X|-|n-Xm (153)
-]-c-an--eo-t\ -fo-n-\n-!w. F-o-w
A-H \o-Xy-e--en-m. A-H-tIn-1m A-f-Xn-ui-H In-c-W-n f-p-o-t
\o-Xy-X|w ho-o-%-I-bo-.
2.25 h--Zn-\n-Xm (154)
-B-Nn-cy-n fo-gy%m f-pw tIn-nm D-]-uZ-fw \---Hm. A-Xo-\n f-pw
\o-Xy-an-m.
2.26 X-Z--cn-dn--]-d-ut--c-ui-H. (155)
-D-]-uZ-fw tIn---Xo-w h|p-I-co-%-Xo-w a-u[y f-pw D-]-d-t-a-n-o-\n,
f-pw \o-Xy-an-tW- en-Z-o-mh--Zn-\w -2-a-.
2.27 A-[yn-]-\n-Z-5-Xo-ug-[x (156)
-f-p-h--Zn-\-ao-n-tX A-[yn-]-\w hn[y-a-. A-H-tIn-1m h--Zn-\ \o-ug-[w
f-co-b-.
2.28 D--ubnx ]--ubn-\y-X-c-hyn-[yn _]-\-nZ-5-Xo-ug-[x (157)
-c-1-]--Kw (A-[yn-]-\-o Y--=w
fo-gy-w _c-1-u]-w H-dy-cn-b-Xo-\n)
fo--Ww-tIn-1m h-w-5-Zn-\-o ui-HX|w ho--an-!-o-. h--Zn-\w ho--a-n-Xo-\n f-pw \o-Xy-an-!-I-bo-.
2.29 A-yn-hn-Xm. (158)
-ep-1w ep-1w B-?-o D-n-!--Xo\n f-pw \o-Xy-an-m.
2.30 \n-\y-uX|]yX| ]y-yn-h-uhyn-]-Nn-cn-Xm.
(159)
-A-. F--tIn-t-n \o-Xy-a-t-o-w
A-Xo -]-Nn-co-I A-yn-hot
eyeincw \-S-%-. A-y-h-\w A-eo-tS
(HSw)
_n-[-I-an-m. (eyeincoIw)
--cyn-N--a-hv [n-Xn b-Yn--cme-a-I-+-b-Xm. Zo-eow N #--Yo-epw- Nn--co--a-uYn h|x..

--cy, N-, B-In-fw, -ao. A--co-w A-e-bo-- -J-, eo-fo-w-e--F-o-e-tb-nw [n-Xn-en-b Cv-f|-c -I-+--jo -wo-o-co-%--H-u]n-td
X-t-bn-Wm, Cv I-+-o-w -wo-o---Xm. udn-In--c--jo-w C--t\-X-t-bn-Wm.
H--ua A--c-ao-.- (E-uK|-Zw 10.190.3)
+xn 486 17
17
Iaapanwhnhap (HS)
]o.tI. Pb
sshZnIbPvRfpsS ùXnI{]kn
B-cw--In-d-m A-lo-uin-^w -X-dn-b
b-- A-\n-Uw-_-c-=w B-n-Sc-io-X-=-an-bo-co-%-. ue-Z-a---m
B-[o-ttZ-eo-I-an-b ue-ZnY-=w bn-oI-an-b AY--;w I-+o-o--. b-w,
hn-[-\-=w, ttZ-e-Xw hn-y-=-an-!-.
a-tn--eo-[-o ]-l-n b-w
!--=w ttZ-e-Xw ^-d-=-an-Wm. a---;-tS
B-[o-ttZ-eo-I-an-b AY-X-d-
u_n-[y-an-I-W-ta-o uZ-e-f-p-o-t
ue-Z-h--X-an-b AYw A-lo-o-co-Ww. A-Xo-!-cn-X-\-In-d-m ue-Z--m
B-[o ttZ-eo-I-an-w B-[o-v-Xo-I-an-w
A-yn-Zo-I-=-an-bo ô-X-d--jo AYI-+-\-I \-S-o-bo-co-%-. C-Xo
B-Zo-ttZ-eo-I 5-?o-b-m b--
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B-[o v-Xo-I 5-?o-b-I-jo-w -ao-%
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5-?o-b-I-jo--an-Wm D-tn-o-o--Xm. uZ-e-f-p-o-\m Zn-\n-Z|n, uZyn-X-\n-Z|n
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Hv-g-[o, e-\--Xo -X-dn-b ]-ZnY-;w 5-In-fo -%- -cy, N-, ao-
18
486 18 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
-X-dn-b ]-ZnY--;w uZ-e-X--tS AYeo-n-c-o D-t--o-bn-Wm a-\-odn-o-bo---Xm. F-n bn-o-I

5-?o-b--tS B-cw--un---So !-ul-&-So
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D--cn--o B-Zo ttZ-eo-I 5-?o-bbo A-[o-~n-J-en-Zw D-Zo-%-I-w A-lo
-X-dn-b P-V-]-ZnY--m uN-X-\-X|w
B-ucn-]o-%-I-w A-Xo-t A-[o-~nXn-en-b uZ-e-X-I-tj -wo-%-I-w tN-.
Cv No-n-K-Xo-tb-bn-Wm ]-7o-X-n
A-[o-~n-J-en-Z-ta-m eo-uf-go-o-u]n--Xm. A-Xo-5-In-cw P-V-e--jn-b A-lo, B-Zo-Xy, N-, en-
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o-Xo hw-Pn-X-an-bo. C-Xo--ue-o
b---jo D-]-ubn-Ko-%- a--.
uZ-eXn 5p-Xo-n-bo eo-Nn-c ]-co-e-\w \-S-K-I an-^-a- !-Xo-b-e c-No-
uN-%-en-- 5-e-W-X-I-;w 5-I-So-o-.
Z|n-]-c--K-an-b-un [n-cn-jw b--
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ue-Z-a-- X-t-bn-tW-m uXn---eo-[-o ]-d-h-eo-uf-g-X-I-;w
e--o. ue-Z-a---m h--i-o
d-o-o-- an-\y-X u\--en ue-o N-a-
ue-Z-_n-iy a---;w Jo-d-]n-T a--;w Xo-co--lo--I. C--t cp-Xo-m

]-d-%w I-ko--te- e--I-bo-. ue-Z-jo-td X-t ]-co-]n-e-\-an-b Kn-b-^p
a--an-Wm G--=w --X #-ô-a a--c-N\n 5-?-o-I-m eo-u[-b-an-bo---Xm.
E-Im ]n-Z-o-td [p--a-io \x 5--uNn-Z-bn-Xm
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X-un--x- -5-uNn-Z-bn-Xm F-o--t\
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In-Wnw. C-H-u]n-td F-n [-iyw,
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cp-Xo-I-;-tS-w H- e-do-b \o-c-X-t
\o-d-eo e-. Cv a---tj-nw ue-Z_n-iy-a-- an-^-an-Wm. A-Xo-\n
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ue-Z--jo 5-o- n-K--;-t-m
5-N-co-o-%--m. A-e--tS A-o-5n-bo A-Y-e-ue-Zw 127 -X 136 e-tc- !-n-]--2w 5-o--an-Wm. Cv
n-Kw av-do-I-a-n- ]-co-fo-w-an-tW-m
I--H- ]-7o-X-n [n-cn-j--m.- -A-Y-e-ue-Z-o-t C--]-Xnw In-7w
a-e In-7--tj A-u]-o-m K-i-\-anWm.
A-5-ho---jn-b ]-Z-5-ubn-K- --Xdn-bo C-Xo In---m. A-Y-F ueZ-o-t X-t tt]--dn-Z-fn-J-bo
127 -X 136 e-tc-- -2- C-.
F-n Cv -2w 5-Pn-]-Xo-tb hw-_o-m A-Xo-Z-U-c-i-hy--;-tS e-W-\bn-tW- eo-f|n-h-=w 5-_-d-an-Wm. \n-hZp-b, !--gw F-p -2--tj-un-td
hv-c ttP-e fn- hw-_-o-bn-b
-wo 5-?o-b--tS -dw Cv -2-o
A-S-o-bo-co-%-. 136nw -2-o-td
16 E-%-I ep-cy-o--tS 5-P-I-;-tS

5-P-\-\w \-S-K- c-i-hyw e-Wo-%-m. 5-uPn-+-o-% In-c-W-an-I-bn
Cv E-N-I B-i-\-hyw B-!-. Cv
a--n-K-t 5-o--ta--u]-co X-o-j---e Hn-u--Xm 5-o--
Xp-Kw A-tte-Zo-I--j-, A-]v--ugb-ua A-n-Xn-!-->. h-Fw -fo-bn-b
ue-Z--jo K--fn--=w 5--Xo-In-fn-=w D-t-Sn-Xo-co-n e-ko-bo--un.
!-n-]--2w Jo-d-an-tW-m ]-l---e
[-o-%-I. ue-Z--jo F- cp-Xo-I-jo- -c-n-cp-Xo-I-;-m. C-e-tb a-lo-I-Sm 5-o- c-N-\-I-tn-w ue-Z-o-o C-Sw u\--en I-ko-o-o-t-Xn-Wm bn-YnYyw. B-cn-w A-[o-I-an-bo
F-t-o-w F-?-Xo-bo--t-o A-e-tb
Jo-d-n-Kw F- u]-co ue-lo- \o-o
A-e-bo D-tn-=- av-do-I-an-b tteZo-I-ho-n---m eo---an-b No-nK-Xo-I-tj X-o--j-o--. ue-Z-t
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eyn-]-I-an-bo b---jo D-]-ubn-Ko-
H-S-o-b-un b-YnY tte-Zo-I a--;-tS B-[ottZ-eo-I-=w A-[yn-Zo-I-=-an-b
AY-=w A-Xo-t eo-\o-ubn-K-eo-[o-I-;w
P-\- ?-ua-W eo--co-m ]-d ue-Z-a--%w b-YnY AY-o- \o-cn- cp-Xo-bo uZ-e-Xn--P-m ue-o
I--In-7-]--Xo-I-jo eo-\o-ubn-Ko-H-S-o. A-Y-e ue-Zn--K-X--jn-b D-]\o-g-K--jo fn-o ]n-T-an-bo
tNn-o-bo-- Hnw -w Icm-uW-ox K-bn-a-uZ-enx F- (A-Y-ew 25/21) a--otd I-W-f-pw uI- an-^-bo-X-t
a-tn-w [-o-n-tX In-H-!-K-
ue-j-bo (I-W-ue-[ hw-n-c-o)
D-]-ubn-Ko- H-S-o. A-H-u]n-td-X-t
+xn 486 19
19
f-un uZ-eo-c-o-w-bn F- b--ue-Zbn-o-I \en H-S-o. A-uXn-tS

a-w f-tt\-L-c -P-I-jo-w D-Zme--h|bn-o-I 5-?o-b-I-jo-w No-d an--
ul F- a-w e-[-r-i-uZn-gw A-I-e-en- B-eo--eo-.- -- -P-I-jo-w bn-o-I eyn-]-I-an-e-j-tc d-jo-X-an-b N-S--I-;w A--~nbo eo-\o-ubn-Ko--H-S-o. Cv 5-e-W-X-tb \--;-an-bo-- b-- B-n-S--;w
B-tc-o-w F-Xo-n b--I-a-B-Uw-_-c--;-an-bo an-lo. b--o-t
jo eo-\o-ubn-Ko-%- a---;-tS AYw b-YnY d-y--jo-\o-m A-I--an-lo
A-lo-ub--Xo-. f-p-o-t D-n-c-Ww
A-5-h2-X-an-b eo-\o-ubn-K--;w eyYX-t ^-dw X--tIn-=-ta-m 5-Pn-h-- an-b ?o-b-I-;-an-bo an-lo ]-d-un-?w
b-t ]-l- eo-f|-ho-o--u]n-. C-Xm
b--.- ?-ua-W a-n-\-Q-I en-Z-o F-o-Cv _n-iy-an-b B-Uw-_-c-o-t
u-.- -B-g-n-c-X-o-t I-a-In-7
_n-*-dyw a-\-o-dn--W-ta-o f-X-o-t B-Nn-cy-n-\w \-Io B-Z]-Y ~n-1-W-o-td No-d n-K- ]-coco-%--Xm ttP-ao-\o a-i-go-tb-bn-Wm.
ufn-[o-n a-Xo-bn-!w. ]-k-b-In-d-t
A-u-iw c-No-o-- e-ap-anw-h ue-Z-aE-go-I H-I h-o-bo -o-o--
--jo 5-Xo-]n-Zo-o-- I-a-]-c-an-b
(-) b-e-uan [n-\y-uan B-e-fyn--h-cfn-h-\-I-;-tS h-a-\|-b-an-Wm. A-u-i-oWw F--m uin-a--jo i-eo-h-ot A-o-5n-b-o ue-Z--jo-td I-a-]o--. F-n f-X-]-Yw 1127
c-an-b a-- hnY-I-=w n-\-]-c-an- f-I-S-o \o--X-t i-eo- r-io-b-e \o-cY-I-=-an-Wm. B-n-b-hy ?o-o-bncm- Ww. f-I-Sw \o-L-b-an-w b--an-!-.
Y-X|n-Xm A-\cm-Y-Iyw G-X-Zcm-Yn-\nw (ap-A-Xo-\n r-i-W-]-c-an-b bn--g-a-w
121) ttP-ao-\o--tS -e-ap-anw-h-bo f-I-S-hw-_--an-Wm F--In-Wnw.
b-n-Zo-I-a--;-tS A--~n-\-t
]v-W-an-uh-wo -X-dn-b b---jo
eo-Z-e-an-bo eo-f-I-d-\w tN---m.
te-cw ]--1 ]o-So b-ew an-^-an-Wm B-eI-a-n--~n-\w -Sn-tX-- A-lo-em \o-fyw. Hn-ucn B-+-Xo-%w N-H-cm -wo A-ubn-P-\-ta--u^ A-e--tS a-Xw.
an-Wm ue--Xm. N-H-ucn--wo-\m \o-lme-]-Xo
I-a-o eo-\o-ubn-Ko-n- a--
C-^ !-l- an-^w b-ew B-e-fy-an-bo e-\o--ubn-P-\-an-tW- eo-f|n-hw 5-N-coun H--e-o \o-l-tb tIn-1-e-uc-%-en C-Xm In-c-W-an-bo. a--
Xo-t B-e-fyw F-n-Wm? E-go-I A-\o--ubn-P-\-an-tW-m e-cn-Xo-co-%-en
~o--u]n- A-\n-Uw-_-c-an-b hn-|oG-H-eo-u[-\-tb-o-w e-j-tn-So-m b-I-b- 5-?o-b-I-;-tS n-\-n-Wm
o eo-\o-ubn-Ko-%- cp-Xo-I-;w 5-Nn-c- b-P-an-\-t h---X--tS f-_-jo-a
o e-. ue-Z--m d-o-o-- -Jy- 5-Z-fo-o-%- A-c--I-jn-bo b-
(HSw)
n-\w ?-ua-W ~n-1-W-r---m
-ue-Zo-I an-lo-b-Xm.- -AA-\o-Xyn-I-No x-x-Jn-\n-Z- \o-Xy-I-Noo -Jn-Z-JynXo-c-eo-Zyn
C-H ubn-K-fn--o-td -^-an-!-. A-\o-Xy-an-b hw-hn-c-o-w f-cp-cn-Zo-I-jo-w \o-XyX|-e-o- I-o-w uI-o-w-I-1w-uI-w A-lo-- Cv 5-]-w A-\n-Zo-bn-tW-w F-w
D-n-bo-co-%-ta-w ubn-K-_-d-n Cv uZ-e-n--tS f-cp-cw F-w \o-d-\o--ta---
eo-]-cp-X-n-\-an-Wm A-eo-Zy--tS B-Zy-t Aw-Kw. A-I-No-bn-b A-Xn-b-Xm an-do-\y-ab-an-b e---jo-w ao-Yyn-n-g-Ww uan-g-Ww -X-dn-b A-]-eo-^-I-a--jo-w ]-eo-^-XIn-- e-o-bn-Wm A-eo-Zy--tS c-n-a-t Aw-Kw. eo-g-b--J-o-t A-Xy--uh-e\-an-!- x-J-o -J-e-o In---Xm A-eo-Zy--tS -n-a-t Aw-K-=w A-\n-Z-e--tj B-Zn-en-tW- tX-o--co-%--Xm A-eo-Zy--tS \n-dn-a-t Aw-K-=w B-!-.
C--t\ \n- eo-[-o-- eo-]-cp-X n-\-t-bn-Wm A-eo-Zy-tb- ]-l---Xm.-
20
486 20 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
AXngyw (HS)
I-a-dn\ucg
n\uc
g
a\pkvarXn
A[ynbw 1
NnHeWyIa\o[ncWw
Nn
eWyIa\o[ncWw
ue-Z-n-g F-n-tW-un A-Xo-t hw-n-fn-w ue-Znw-K- D-]nw-K- F-o-e F-tun F-o-t\-un ue-Z-a--=-an-bo A-e- e- _--=w D-un F--u\|-go-n-tX-bn-m ]-dww \--Xo --Xo-I-tj eo-d-bo--K--Hw eyn-Jyn-\o-%--Hw. n-c-X-o-t hn--io-I-\p-Xo-w
cn-{-ey-e-in-c-\p-Xo-w ey-2o-\o-b-a--;w I--o-So-o- a---Xo-ub-w a--eo-u\-w F-^-an^ww A-]-Ip-o-t--o n-c-Xp-b hw-n-c-t A-e-ui-jo-o-- F- N-co-^w F-t-o-w
H-co- ue-Z-\-ubn-tSn-n-tX-X-c-ao-. A-Xo--]-co \nw I-W-m ]-l-ub-o-e-co-I a--eo-t
u]-co n-c-Xp-b-]v-ucn-io-Xy-=w Pn-Xo-~n-1-Wy-=w In-o-&-o-b u]-&-K-I-n-bo-co-%w.
-\\-uc---g
a---Xo--tS 5--ubn-P-\w
A--X-a-\-\w (H( -S-)2) 87-91 e-tc-- u^n-I--jo e-W-eye--bo-td I-a--jn-m 5-Xo-]n-Zy-eo-gbw. -Sn-tX I-a-eo-g-bw 5-Xo-]n-Zo--Xo-uf-gw 108-110 e-tc-- u^n-I--jo
A-X--h-co-- I-an-N-c-Ww ]-c-a-[-a
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e-W-\n-ttf-do--uS-w ?-a-_--an-b H-
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fn--o-t a-io-a, C-Xo- eWo-o-co%- eo-g-b- B-Zo-bn-b N--I-jnm. e-W-\n -wo-bo e-I-In-cy-
H--Io r--o-t H-S-o-udn

A-e-hn-\-uan uN-u--Xn-m. G-tXo-w H- h---o N--o-S-bo
eo-g-b-_n-iy-an-bo C-S--uN-u--X-
F--Yw. a---Xo--tS 5n-cw--=w ]-cye-hn-\-=w C--cw ttf-do-bo-dn-m.
A-\-e-h-c-o-- eo-g-b-5-ue-fw
r--I-n-eo-t A-p-w-o- eo-]-cpX-=-an-m. 5-u-]-I-n-eo-t h-un-No-X-a-n- eo-[ eo-g-b-N-
A-n-\-n-bo-co-%--Xo-\n ua--co- c-1 u^n-I--;w 5-o--an-m.2. eo-g-b-eo-ucn-[w1 -X 4 e-tc u^n-I--jo a-
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u^n-I-o I-a--;-tS c-N-\-ubn-tS
-W-an-%-. A-H-u]n-td 108-nw u^n-Iun-tS [-a-o-t A-[y-b-\w H-S--Ibn-bo. 1-nw A-[yn-bw 144 A-Hm -Wan-o h-an-]o-o-%-. A-H-tIn-n-m
"
[-uan-+-o-w, h--W-P-K-ot D-+-o-w Rn ]-l- I-ko-"
+xn 486 21
21
F-m 144-nw
144 nw u^nu n-I-o a- eo-g-b
h-an-]-\ ue-j-bo ]-l--1m
1m. CeotS
-a-, A-u-i-o-t eo-g-b-o-t
]-co-[o \o-L-bo-m A-Xo-t -N-\-w
hnw-K-Xy-=w \-o-tb-m -w-an-o-boco-%-. h---o a- In-Wo-X- ]-co-[o-bo u^n-I-o ]-l-oco-%- c-1 eo-g-b--tj-w hw-_-o- e-W-\ \--I-bn--No-Xw. F-o
an-^-ua A-Hm eo-g-b-hw-K-Xw F-m
]-l-bn-\n-!-I-->. eyn-Jyn-Xn-eo-t
e-W-\ c-1 u^n-I--tj hw-_-o-w
eo-g-b _n-iy-an-m A-hw-_--=-an-Wm.
eo-g-b-eo---an-I-bn-w 5-o--ta-w
ho-o-%-.3. ttf-dp-K-X B-[n-cw1) 102 -X 107 e-tc u^n-I--jo a--Xo H- -e-\o-_--fn--an-tW-
]-l- 5-fw-ho-%--1m. av-do-I -]o A-Xo-t\ fn--ta- u]-co ey-ei-co-%-I-w tN-o--1m. a---Xo--tS
ttf-do-bo \o-m ey-2-an-!--Hm A-Hm
h|-bw av-do-I--]-o fn-w A-n-bo-. \o-_--fn--an-bo--t-o-w, a--Xo-tb fn--ta- u]-co ey-e-i-co-n- A-e-h-cw a--eo- d-o-o--. 1-nw
A-[yn-bw 58 -X 63 e-tc u^n-I--;-tS
A--eo-ucn-[ h-ap--[-u-b-an-m.
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5-e-N-\-an-bo--. A--t\ A-n-bo-t-o A-Hm fn--an-bo-- F-m a-
av-do-I--]-o--t ey-2-an-%-anbo--. 5-e-N-\w E-go-an--tS Po-nhn-f-a-\-o-\n-bo a- D-]-uZ-fo--Xn-m.
A-Xn-m a---Xo eo-g-bw. a---Xo--tS
-d-5-e-2n-em a- X-t-bn-tW--H -wan-m. 5-e-N-\--tj ]o-n-d-m h--d-\w
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-o-u-m fn- hw- \-o-bXn-m. fn--5-ubn-Kw \-S-o-b-Xo-\n-t C-Xo ]-co-e--\w \-S- F-
tX-jo--. X-hy-I-cma-eo-ue-In-cmYw
22
486 22 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
uf-gn-Wn-a---cme fx. h|n-bww -uen a-[p-cman-\o-Zw fn--a-I-+-b-Xm (102) C-nc-W-nw u^n-Iw h|-bw 5-o-ta- tX-jo--.2) a--eo-t ttf-do G-tX-o-w H-
eo-g-b-uan h---uan H-S-o-bn A-Xot H-S--o-w H---o-w, A-t-o
c-1 n-K-Kw A-e-bo-td 5-Xo-]n-Zy-eo-gbw -No-o-o-co-%w. B ttf-dp-eo-Nn-cw
tIn-1-X-t 5-o-- -ey-2-an-bo
a-\-o-dn-n-=--uX-->. u^n-I-;w B ]-o-I-bo t]--. H-S--o-w
A-yow A-Y-en A-y-o B-cw-=w h-an-]-\-=-uan F- a--ttf-do--tS
5-uXy-I-X u^n-I--jo-do-. A-H-tIn1-X-t C-H a- c-No-X-a-.3) a---Xo-%m 5-e-N-\-ttf-do-bn--Hm. A-Xo F-n h----;w ?-a-an-bo
uIn-o-W-o-bo-co-%w. H-co-S-Kw
eo-g-b -No-I eo-g-bn-e-X-c-W a-[yo D-n-eo- F--Hm a--eo-t ttfdo--tS 5-uXy-I-X-bn-m. 107-nw u^n-Io eo-g-b ]-cn-a-f- In---1m.
A-Hw ]-cn-e--\-In-d-K hw--eo-
tX-n-m. -o-u--Xn-m.4) eo-g-b-o 92 -X 101 e-tc- u^n-I--jo ~n-1-W-t a-i-X|w,
102 -X 106 e-tc-- u^n-I--jo
a---Xo--tS fn---] a-io-an e-W-\
F-o-e In--. C--t\-- eo--X
e-W-\-I a--eo-t ttf-do---ubnPy-a-. a- uI-e-dw A-Y-en-Z--]-o
5-fw-h-bn-bn-w \o--bn-bn-w -K-=w
hw-o--=-an-b cp-Xo-bo-ud tN-n-c->.5) 94-95 (uZ-e-n-w ]o-J--;w ~n-1W--tS en-bo \o-m i-eo--I-;w, ]o-J]o-7--;w I-ko-%--Hw) (105 [n-I-a-o A-e--tS I-ko--u]n-b-Hw
e-cn-\o-co-%--H-an-b G-?-X-d--l-I-tj
]-eo-^p-I-co-%--Xn-w In--.)
u^n-I--tj-nw A--2o--2-=w \o-cn-[nc-=-an-m. 98, 100, 104, 105, 106 F-p u^n-I-
A-Xo-f-ubn-2o]-c-an-m; 94, 95, 96,

100, 101, 103 u^n-I--jo-td ttf-do
]--]n-X--W-an-m. a--eo-t ttf-dobo C--cw 5-an-Z- H-co--w D-neo-.h|n-bw--uen a-
6) 102-nw u^n-I-o "h|n[p-cman-\o-Zw fn--a-I-+-b-Xm" F- 5-ubnKw X-t -w-an-%--Hm C-Xo-t c-N-boXn-em a--e-n-tX a-n-ucn B-m F-
h-Xy-an-m. A--t\ u^n-I-
5-o--an-tW- h|-bw ho--an-%-.4. A--eo-ucn-[w1) u^n-I--jo P--\n Pn-Xo-ey-e--tS e-W-\--1m. F-n a--eo-t
av-do-I-ho-n-w I-cma-Wn Pn-Xo ey-e
- Aw-Kp-I-co-%--Xn-m. 5-uXy-Iw
[-u-b-io-%- In-cyw 98, 99 u^n-I-jo P--\n ~n-1-W- eo-fo-w-ey-2oX|w \---1m. P--\n e-W-ey-e-tb a--e-j-tc-b-[o-Iw F-Xo-o---Xom Xn-tk--l-- tX-jo-=-I a-Xo-bn-!w.-
e-W-ey-e- I-an---Xw-(I) P-w tIn-1m H- ey-2o u[-~-u\n,

\p-N-u\n B-!-an-bo--t-o I-an--X-an-b e-W-ey-e- D-n-u- B-efy-ua-bo-n-bo--. I-aw tN-n-w
tN-o-t-o-w B ey-2o u[-~-u\n
]-Xo-X-u\n B-bo H-S--tIn-=w.
F-n u^n-Iw ]-l---Hm ~n-1-W
P-\o-%--H-X-t [-a-o-t 5-Xy--o-bn-bo-n-tW-n-m. C5Incw
P-\o-%- ~n-1-W-w fo-I-=w, _n-dw !-an-c-w H-t-bn-bo ?-an--K-X-an-bo
ejnWm Ppeo%Hm. A-n-\-P-\yan-b F-t-nw I-a- A-n-d-K
-tN---1m F--Hw No--\p-b-an-m.
]n-]-I-a--tjn-w ~n-1-W-yX|-t
\-fo-o-%-o- F-m F--t\ ]-l-bn-\n!w. F-n a---Xo-bo-td h-e-eo-[o
\o-u-[--;w, ey-e--I-;w, I-a-\o-L-bo--tS ey-2-an-%--Hm a- I-a-Wn
Pn-Xo ey-e--tb Aw-Kp-I-co-o--
F-w P--\n-Pn-Xo ey-e--tb F-Xoo-- F--an-m. [-an-[-a--jo--tS,

I-a--;-tS eo-[o \o-ug-[ ey-e--I-jo-tS h|-bw e-co-%--Xn-m b-Yn-Y Pn-Xo
ey-e- F- a- ho-n-w ey-2-an%-. A-H-tIn-n-m P--\n-Pn-Xo ey-e--tb A-u--iw F-Xo--Hw.
-P-n-[o-wo-X-an-m e-W-ey-e-tb-o a---Xo-bo-td h--W-I-aey-e--w bn-tXn-c-Y-=-ao-n--Xn-bop-w. c-o-n-w cn-Pyw -co-n-w,
fo-o-n-w P--\n-~n-1-W--I-ko--tao \p-Xo-fn--o-t\--Yw. A-H-tInn-m I-a-Wn e-W-ey-e--tb a-
n-]o-t---Hm. Xn-tk--l-- u^n-I-jo \o-m A-Hm -ey-2-an-!w.
-J-unn ~n-n-1-W-Xn-ua-Xo
-~n-1-W-ttLt -Xo J--Xn-am.
--ô-bn-n-X ua-ew H-eo-Zyn-ttZ-|-fyn-Xm X-ttY-e N (10. 65)
A-Yw:w:- u[-~-=w \p-N-=-an-b I-a--j-h-co-m J- ~n-1-W-w ~n-1-W
J---an-bo-p--. A-Xn-b-Hm Y-WI-an--h-c-W-an-bo No-d J--[-i-o
P-\o-n-w ~n-1-W-cn-w, A-H -u]n-td
-ô-b-w, tte-fy-w J---an-bo Pp-eo%-. J--!-d-o P-\o- No-d -w-eo-I B-b-In-c-W-n J--\n-bo-t Pp-eo-%-un D--a Y-W--2-cn-b
P--\n J-, ~n-1-W-cn-w, -ô-bcn-w tte-fy-cn-w J--cn-w D--Xotb-5n-]o-%-. P-w tIn-- 5-Xz-X
I-a-Y-W- tIn-1m A-e h|-bw e-co%--Xn-m A-e--tS e-Ww. C-H-u]n-td
G-H-!-d-o P-\o-n-w ~n-1-W-ô-b tte-fy-J--e-Ww 5n-]o-n-=-uX-->.-(J) a--eo-t A-o-a-Xw1) ue-Zw ]-To-n- ~n-1-W J--\n-bop--. "ubn
ubn\\-[p-Xy-Z|o-uPn ue-Z-_
a-\y-^ !--uX [--a-am. h Pp-e-u-e J-X|-an-I K--Xo hn-\|-bx (2. 168)+xn 486 23
23
2) h-uyn-]n-h-\ tN-n- ey-2o

J--X|w 5n-]o-%-. (\ Xo-~-Xo H bx
--cmenw u\n]n-u b-L ]-Lo-an-am.
h J--e-Xm _-io-ln-cyx h-cme-n-Xm Z|o-PI-cma-Wnx. (2. 103)3) b-Yn-h-a-bw D-]-\-b-\-hw-n-c-o--tS
Zp-o-X-\n-In-, ~n-1-W-\n-I-W-ta-
B-r-iw \o-d-\o-K- ey-2o-tb @n-n-Xyt\- u]-co J--\n-bo K-Wo-%-.
(2.37-40)
4) \p-N-n--an-- hw-h-K-n
~n-1-W J--\n-bo-p--."DD--an---an-\mK--\m ip-\n-\m _
ip-\nw-L e-cmP-b-\m.-~n-1-Wx u[u ~-Xn-ua-Xo 5--Xy-en-_
ub-\ J--Xn-am." (4. 245)- -Xo e-N-\--jo \o-t-nw te-joen-!--Hm a- P--\n-Pn-Xo-ey-e--tb
Aw-Kp-I-co-o--o-t--an-^-a- I-To-\-anbo eo-a-fo-%-I-w tN-o--. P--\n-PnXo-ey-e--tb Aw-Kp-I-co-o--t-o
Xn-tk--l---cp-Xo-bo a- F-?-H-an-bo-o-.5) I-a-K-Xo-bn J--X|w 5n-]o- ey-2o
tX-e-Xo--o ]-Ln-n-]--ew 5n-bLo-w tN- \--e-\n-bo Pp-eo-n \-wt- Pn-Xo Xo-co- Io-w. a--eo-t
en-Z-K-Xo @n-n-Xy-t\- u]-- J--w,
e-W-eo-- I-a-uZn-g-n ~n-1W-e-W-o \o-m _-io-o-X-\n-b
~n-1-W--tS eo-io-X-5n-b-Lo- ey-e-bo ey-2-an-bo 5-I-So-o-o--1m. (11.
191-196) ey-e--I-tj-nw ey-2-an-%-Xm a- I-a-Wn-~n-1-Wy-t Aw-KpI-co-o-- F-n-m.
6) a-, ey-2o5-n-e-u-ubn P--d-y-an-b
Y-W--uj-ubn ubn-Ky-X-bn-bo-an-\o-o-o- ]-I-cw I-a Y-W-n e-co%- tte-fo-gy-t-an-^-ua Aw-Kp-I-coo--->.7) a- e-W-ey-e--tb-%-lo- ]-l-udn-In-\nw eo-?-[|-NyYam" h--iun "udn-
24
486 24 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
h-cme-hyn
o-t D--a-\-o-w (1.31) "hhy-H Y-y-cmYw (h-e-P-K-o-t-w -c-w anw-K-dy-o-w-ue-o (2.87) I-a\o-[n-c-W-o-t In-c-Ww ]-l---1m.
C-n-c--jo eo-uf-g-[- \-u--Hm
a--, I-an---X-an-b Pn-Xo-ey-e-an-^-ua Aw-Kp-I-co-o--->. P--\n-~n1-Wyw-tIn-1m B- u[-~-!-d-o P-\o%--e-%-an-^-a-n-tX h--i-o-u\n
cn-{-o-u\n H- \--w D-n-=-I-bo-.-Nn-H-e-Wy-a--h-co-m 5-P-I
D-n-tb-o an-^-ua 5-P-I-;-tS A-o-?o-%-ue-o F-n Pn-Xo-n-tc-w I-aey-e--b--h-co-m eo--Po-n-\n->. B
eo--P-\w Y-W-I-a-h|-n-e-o-d-[o-~o-X-anbo Pn-Xo ey-e--\o-d-eo-e-. A--t\
h--i-o-w ey-2o-I-%w A-o-?-o-Ic-an-b I-a-Wn-Pn-Xo-ey-e- F-n cp-Xob-w f-co-X-t-bn-m F-m a- n-]o-Hw A-H-tIn-n-m.8) (1) e-W-f-p-o-\-Y-=w ez-Xm]-oww ho-o-o-%--Hm a--eo-t I-a-W,-Pn-Xo-ey-e--bn-m. h|-bw-e-co-%-Xn-m e-Ww \o--2-o e-W-fp-o-t \o--2o-tIn--o-co-%--Hm.
"ee-cmuWnw ?--Wp-uX
X" (2.1.4) A-Xo-\-Yw
G-tXn-n-uWn e-co-%--Hm A-Xn-m
e-Ww. C-Xo-t\-%-lo-m a-i-go Z-bn-\-h-c-h|-Xo e-j-tc ey-2-an-bo F-?-Xo-bo-1m.-ee-cmuWnw ?--uWn-uX-co-Xo \o--2-5n-an-Wyn-Zm e-c-Wp-bn e-cp-H-a-cminx-Y-W I-cman-Wo N -w|n
|n-b-Yn-ubn-Kyw @o-o-b-u ub-uX
e-cmWnx- -(E-uK|-Zn-Zo n-gy--ao-I
e-Wn-[-a-[-a eo-g-bw)-A-Yw:w:- Y-W-I-a- u\n-o-bo-m b-Ynubn-Ky-an-b A-[o-In-cw B-% \--uen A-Xn-m A-bn-;-tS Pn-Xo A-Y-en
e-Ww.-(2) Pn-Xo-u-cm A-bn-;-tS I-a-ua-J-d-tb
B-[-bo-o-co-%-. (eo--X ]-T-\-o-m
87-91 u^n-I- u\n-%-I)-
-(3) ~n-n-1-W-r---jo I-a-Wn-e-Wey-e---tS eo--X h-ap--d-y-an-m.-(I) "hx

hx (-ô-bx) i Zp--an-W G-e
~n-n-1-W-Xn a-z-tt]-Xo"
o (. 7. 23)--ô-b Zp-o-X-\n-bo-m ~n-1-Wyw
5n--an-%-.-(J) "XX-n-Z-]o (Zp-o-X-am) cn-P-\yw en
tte-fyw en ~n-n-1-W C-uXy-e --bn-Xm,
~n-n-1-uWn-io Pn-b-uX ubn b-n-Xm
Pn-b-uX"
X (f-X-]-Yw. 3. 2. 1. 40)-G-tX-o-w H- -ô-b-!-^-u\n A-Y-en
tte-fy-!-^-u\n b--o Zp-o-X
-\n-bo b-un-]-ep-X [n-c-Ww \-S-K-uen B h-a-bw -X A-bn ~n-1-Wt\- X-t A-lo-b-t--. ~-1-N-cyn[-a-o D-]-\-b-\ hw-n-c-o
b-un-]- ep-X [n-c-Ww tN-m ue-Zn-[yb-\w H-S---uXn-tS F-n a--gy-w
~n-1-W e-W-o-t+--. ]-T-\-uf-gw
n-X-I-\n-!-un-kn-m Xn-+-cy-- Y-WI-a--j--h-co-m -ô-b-u\n tte-fyu\n B-!--Hm.9) a- I-a-Wn Pn-Xo-ey-e- Aw-Kp-I-coo-- F--Xo- ue-tl-w 5-an-W--;1m.-(1) J--t\ A-u-iw ip-\-\n-bo---Xobo--o-. F-n I--No = ]-eo-^,
D-Xm#-w I-]-g A-Zo-bn-b eo-uf-g-jn hw-_-u\n-[-\ tN-o--. (9. 335)
F-n-e--tS-w ep--I-jo F-n uPn-do-I;ww uh-e-\--;w tN-o---e F--t\
tXn---Sn--e-w Xp-o--Sn--e-w
ip-\--an-bo-p-w.-!?
-(2) eo-Zyn-yn-h-o [--bo-n--etc-bn-m a- J--t\- eo-jo--Hm. ]-Too-n--e-m ue-Zn-[y-b-\w hn-[y-a-.
A-H-tIn-1-X-t c-nw P--an-b ~-1
P-w d-o-%-I-bo-. ~n-1-W--ô-btte-fy-tc A-H-tIn-n-m Z|o-P-n
F- eo-jo-%--Hm. Z|o-Pn-cy-uX C-Xo Z|o-Px
A-e-%m ~-1-P---]o-bn-b c-nw P-w
d-o-%-. J--n H- P-w an-^---e-
cn-m. A-H-tIn-n-W-e-tc G-I-Pn-X

F- eo-jo-%--Hm. 5-an-Ww u\n-%-I."~n-n-1-Wx -ô-ubn e-cmWnx, tte-fy--ubn e-cmWnx Z|o-Pn-X-bx. N-H-cmY G-I
Pn-Xo J-x \n-o H ]--awx (10. 4)-(3) I-a-a--h-co-m a--gy-tc c-n-bo-nm a- eo--Po-o---Hm.1. B-cn-uWn u[-~-[-an---d B-cy-]c--c-bo Zp-o-X-cn-bo-co-%--Hm A-e
\n- e-W--;- B-cy-n-cn-m - u[-~cn-m.2. _n-o-- A-Zp-o-X-cn-b h-I-d-w
Z-hz--tj- eo-n-K-o t]--. (10.45)-(4) a- I-a-o-t B-[n-co-X-bo-dn-m
a--gy-tc B-cy-cm = u[-~-tc-w, A-\n-cycm = Z-hz--tj-w ue-Xo-co--Hm. (10.57-58)
A-e--tS Y-W-I-an--~n-\- u\n-o
e-Ww Xo-co--lo-b-W-ta-n-m a--eo-t
a-Xw. C-X \o-t-nw ey-2-an-!--Hm
Pn-Xo ey-e- I-a-ho--an-tW--X-t.-(5) 1.32 w, 1.16, 23, 26-30 u^n-I-jo-td-nw a--eo-t av-do-I ttf-do
ey-2-an-%-. -wo--tS B-Zo-bo a-gy-tc-nw H- Pn-Xo-bn-bo-n-m -wo-Hm. F-n H--]-w a--gy-tc-tn-1m
h--i-o H-c-o-?-o-w D-n-!-an-bo-o-. ey-e-n-]o-X-cp-Xo-bo 5--P-Itj \n-dn-bo eo--Po-m Y--W-I-an---Xw
-ucn Pn-Xo-bn-o -ucn uPn-do \--Ibn--n-b-Hm. h--i-t f-cp-c-an-w
-ucn eo-n-K-t-w 5n-n-[n-\y-a--h-com --Jw, D-S, ttI-I, ]n-Z- F-
\n-dn-bo Xo-co-m B-d-n-co-I I-Y-\-cpXo-bo eo-e-co--Xn-m. ubn-Ky-X A-h-co-m h--i-f-cp-c-o-td -J-an-m
~n-1-W. cn-{-c- tN-- -ô-b
ttI-I-jn-w, h--i-t \o-d-\o-K-
D-S tte-fy-\n-w, h--i-f-cp-c-t
tan--an-bo hw-c-o--\o-d-\o-K--Hm
J--t\- In--I-jn-tW-w B-d-n-co-I
n-g-bo ]-l-o-co-%--Xo-t av-do-IX-|w I-a-Wn Pn-Xo ey-e--tb A-c+xn 486 25
25
BNncyenWo (HS)
ueZ_
ueZ_
thZ_p kmlnXykhkzw
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g ncI
ncI 5Xo
Xo~n]\o
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eo%
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ueZ_
uI w 5ho
hopIco
pIco%
ueZ_ hnioXy hFh|w

ueZ_
h h|w F ro
o \ow.
\o w.
1919 dnuinlotd Zbn\ ~n1aineoZyndbo X\o% do
D]\ogXm ]T\BnIjo em Xnlnob !cItj
ASon\to 1936 ueZ_fa F?Xo Xnlnob rw.
D]\ogXmm eoNncheh|w
D]\og
5nuefoIw
nuefoIw
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Ww - BcWyIw
~n1Ww Jyanbo IaIn7an
tWow, AXo n\=w D]nh\w
Aaow eoueNo%1m enNXoao
[t ~n1WdWahcom,
bIao a;tS 5ubnK
eo[ow, 5ubnP\=w, \oeN\=w,
baiX|=w Xew_anb D]nJyn
\=w, cihyanb AYhuX=w
aXo
Xo (HS)
( S)
o--l-o-%- a--eo-t cp-Xo-bn-W-Hm.-(6) 64-nw u^n-I-o ~-1n-eo-t -J-K\o-n-m ~n-1-W--n-b-tX- In-. 68-nw u^n-I-o-w ~n-1-W-tc
D--anw-uKn-Zm- F-n-m ]-l-o-co-%-Hm. 62-dn- ~-1-o-t N----1m.
F-n C-eo-tS ~-1-eo-g-b-N- av-doI-a-. C-eo-tS a---Xo-t-S h-I-d-an-\y-XI-%w eo-ucn-[-an-Wp u^n-Iw. 1.7 -X
13, 32-41, 50-51 u^n-I--tj-nw [-on A-H-a-\-o-dn-n-=--uX-->.
- u^n-I--;w 5-o--an-tW-m h|-bw
ho--an-m.-(7) C-H-u]n-td 64-65 u^n-I--jo ]o-Xc-tc ey-Xy--ubn-\p-eo-uf-g--]-o
K-Wo--W-ta- In-cy-=w a--eo-t B-f-
26
486 26 +xn
- ?L
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~n1Wjo eoeco%1m.1
~n1Wjotoboco%
A nKw BcWyIan!.
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ot e]anWoe. AXo\n
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b--t-Xo-cn-m. 3.119-284 e-tc--

u^n-I--jo (A--eo-ucn-[ fp-g-Io) eo--X-an-b ]-T-\w In--I.
A--eo-ucn-[w In-c-Ww 94 Dw 95 Dw
5-o--an-tW- ho-o-%-. X-t-a- -en-]-c h--w D--Xo-\n h|-bw
5-o--ta- tX-jo--I-w tN--.-(8) 105-nw u^n-I-o ]o-p--e---Hw
- e---H-an-b G-uk-?-u^n-I- eo-ec-W-eo-g-b-o-t ]-eo-^-X -o-%-1m. C-Xo--t 4.240 a---Xo--tS
an-\y-Xneo-ucn-[w In---1m. F--tInt-n I-n-em I-aw tN---Hw
I-a-^-dw h|-bw A---eo-%- F-m.
C-tXn-w a--eo-t A-o-5n-b-a-. 5-XzX-5-o-w X-t-tb-m h|-bw te-jo-en(HSw)
%Ibn tNHm.
Cebotd fnh\I A+n+w Yiyanbo

uXnnw. uKn]Y~n1Wow2,
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WyI cihyrantW
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(=~1w) eot h|]w \oufo%
. b ot eynJyn\w
Xtbnm ~1ot eynJyn\w.
At\ bw u[~Xaw Icma
F 5Jyn]o. IIn7t
BynZoIXboud% \bo%
eoZybnm BcWyIw.
D]\ogXmh|]w
| ]w
BcWyInKw Ikom AHw
aeynJyn\ot Nca =anb
nKanm D]\ogm. BynZoIanb
PonhuSw, a\\ouw
No\ouw h|nXouSw
5?ob !tl eoIhoHm BcWyI
jotSbnm. AXot eyeoX=w
]co]I|=anb ]w D]\ogo
InWnw. Iaouw n\o
uw ha\|b=w Au\yn\yeo
anb enZZ||;tS c=w
hoIc=anb ]coinc=w D]\og
2 uKn]Y~n1Ww 2.10
3 _v[nb\ [a^ngyw 2.8.3
4 AcWy Ge ]nTyX|nZncWyIaoXpcyuX
(XucbncWyIw)
AcWyn[yb\nuZXZm BcWyIaoXpcyuX
AcuWyXZ[puXuXyewenIyw 5eyuX
o Zfonw. ueZa;tS
GInanb Dw Ac ~1eoue
Ian!. ~1t Alo Ikon
Fnw Alo Iko F AXo
Io. ]ca dyotdo%
aeynJyn\anm D]\ogm.
ttXocpubn]\ogo a
hwioXm Am A[oIcWo
eynJyn\w co%1m - A[oudnIw,
A[ouPynXogw, A[oeoZyw,
A[o5Pw, AynZw Ce Aw A[o
IcWjn!. Cem ainhwioX
F u]co.5
A[oIcWtaXo\Yw B[nc
tanWun.6 uetlw eynJyn\
5?obI;nbooconw. AetS
huXw ~n1Wjo InEn1m.
Ae o ttXocpubn]\og
o co Ao Foboconw.
ainhwioXtb A A[oIcW
]opm !ul&So o.
A[oudnI=w, A[otPvXog=w
B[ottZeoIow, A[oeoZyw
B[ovXo Iow, A[o5P=w
AynZ=w B[ynZoIow dbo.7
ueZnw8 F ]opm CH o
eye,Xanbo. D]\ogm aeynJyn\
5 ttXocpubn]\ogXm 1-3
6 B[nucnf[oIcWw (]nWo\o 1.4.45)
Bpbu Ao\m #bn CXyn
[ncx eynJyn\5?ob. GXot\ B[bo%uen
AXnm A[oIcWw (=Aen\w)
ttXocpubn]\ogotd haoXnm AYnXx hwioXnbn D]\ogZw eynJynhynax
]h|[oIcuWi A[oudnIa[otPyvXoga[o
eoZya[o 5Pa[ynZam. Xn ainhwioXn
CXynNuX (ttXocpubn]\ogXm 1. 3)
DncWo hwioXnbn D]\ogZw F
5ubnKw [o%I. ahwioXtS cihyn
QtanWXotd Bfbw.)
7 \o2SpIbo (4. 19) KnNncy ancmY]co
n\nuZeiyulcynZn[ottZen[oXn[ob
ug|en\w Fm db\w Noo
%.
8 A[obw ~1Pu]Xm, B[ottZeoIuaeN
BynZoIw N hXXw ueZnnoioXw N bXm
- a 6. 83 (ueZnun \na D]\ogXm 5anWam
(hZn\t ueZnhncw)
+xn 486 27
27
an\epbw (HS)
I-a-dn\ucg
n\uc g
tjmUikwkvImcw
hnan\y5IcWw
hnan\y
IcWw
26. h \x ]-e-h| fw K-ue fw- P-\n-b
f-a-cme-uX.- -fw cn-P-un-g-[p-yx.-(hn-ax D--c 5-]nx a-7. 3, a-w. 653)-n-en-Yw:w:- 1. cn-P = h-e-eyn-]o-w
5-In-f-h|--]--an-b ]-c-an-Zn-ue! hx
= A-m, C-x-]-c-tta-f|-cy-en = -wn=w, ]-c-a--f|-cy-en--an-b -K-e! A-m
R--tj ]-e-h|x = hw-I--cn-o-bn-w;
\x = R--;-tS Kn-uex = A-n-Zo n-Ky_
-f|-cy-Zn-Xn--jn-b uKn h--Km hwc-o-m h-Zm-h---an-o-bn-w. fw ]-eh| = fn-o-Zn-b-I-\n-b A-m R--tj
]-eo-^-cn-o-bn-w. P-\n-b fw ]-e-h|x =
an-\-e-h--i-o-w R--;-tS !-^]v-^n-Zo-I-%w fn-o-w -J-=w \-obn-w, a--gy-%w A-e-%-]-In-co-Ijn-b uKn A-f|n-Zo-I-%w Pp-e-in-\o-w
A-]-I-S-=w D-n-I--uX. A-cme-uX fw
]-e-h| = en-i-\--%w bn-\-]n-^-%w hw-c--Ww \-o-bn-w. In-c-Ww C-eI-tj-nw R--;-tS -J-fn-o-\o--c-an-b
ueZ_ hnioXyheh|w (HS)
ueZ_
( S)
anb ueZnantW ]lbn \ynb
aoXnm. D]\ogt ueZneoZy
tbo #ttZ|]nb\eynh ]l
Hm AHm ueZhncantWn!. Xt
!^\nb IIuZet\ AynZeoZy D]
uZfoom,
ZufZIm
ZufZ
Im hinWo
hi nWo \ocmaYyn
XaZm
XaZm Xam
Xam \e\pXw bYn Zx
Z x
In~nZ
In
nZlocyttYe
ocyttYe N
XttYe eognw
eo gnw n\w
n\w
28
486 28 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
Pp-eo-X-o- In-c-W--X-cn-m. -g-[pyx fw ]-e-h| = -g-[p e-\--Xo-I-;w,

e-\--;w D-]-e-\--;w hw-c-o--t-SWw. In-c-Ww a--gy-t B-ucn-Ky-ow, f-2o-%w, I-a-uf-go-%w A-e--tS
d-y-X A-\o-en-cy-an-m. fn-o-Zn-b-I-\n-b
-K-en-u\! A-m uhn-aw, ]-I-, !-Xoc-I !-^-]v-^-n, -g-[o e-\-Xo-I H-S-o-b h-I-d-Hw \o-t B-[-bo -c-o-X-an-o-bn-w.2. ui! h-n-]-Xo-bn-b a-in-cn-Pn-ue, hx =
B \p, C- = N--t\-un-td h-e-%w
,-Z-b-in-co-bn-b a-in-cn-Pn-en-b -c-Wn[o-], \x = R--;-tS, Kn-ue = uKn-em
B-Zo-bn-b h--K-I, P\nbn
P\nbn= A--tS hn-[n-c-W-n-cn-b 5-P-I-%-ue-o
B-cme-uX = bn-^n---d-an-b en-i-\
K-Xn-K-X--c-n-?-ap-I-c-W--%m, cn-Pyc--m f-2-w [p-c-w I-a-uf-go---
-ô-b, -g-[p = A-n-Zo --W-]n
-\p-b- B-ucn-Ky-hw-e--I--jn-b
!ûiuXnx
uiuXnx hXw
h Xw
]Xo\nbocw EIm (ueZaw)
aYom AZmXanb A Xn\w,
ttX IS teB F%wu]ntd,
ccWoac K1cm Alo Dn%w
u]ntd, !ûeo ueZn\w Rn
Dco9 F ]l.
9 ~1Ponhn F ueZn^w eynhuXn
Wun. DXu^nIw (ainncXw fno]ew
246-14--5) D]\ogXm F ueZnw E%Ijnb
ueZhwioXI;tS hncantW 5Jyn]o%.
-g-[--%w fw -e-h| = fn-o-w

hw-c--W-=w \--Ww. C-tX-nw u[-~
-\n-b -c-Wn-[o-In-co--tS 5-Y-a-=w 5-[n-\=-an-b I--ey-an-m. -Sn-tX eyn-]n-cen-Wo-Py-cw-K-Kw cn-Pn-=-X-t [-uI-p-I-co-m cn-Py-o-w 5-P-I-%w
h--Zm h--o DnWw.3. uKn ]-Z-o-m ue-Z-ue-n--jn-b a-in~n-1-W-tc-w, n-\o-I-;w, X-|-Zfo-I-;w, B--[n-ao-I-eo-Z|n-n-cn-b ~n-1W-tc-w A-Y--1m. P-\w = hn-an-\ycn-b 5-P-I, A-Xn-b-Hm tte-fy -J-
-e-W--tj-w, A-cme\m =cn-Py-c-
tN-- _-d-fn-do-I-jn-b -ô-b-tc-w
A-Yw r-io--Ww. h-an-P-o-td \n-
e-W-o--- B-;-I-;tSw Pp-e-w
h|-o-w hw-c--W-=w h--o-w \-u-Hm -c-Wn-[o-]-\n-b cn-Pn-eo-t I-S-a-bntW-w C-eo-tS A-Yw r-io-n-=-
-Xn-Wm.
27. A--bw \x I-c-Xy--co--a--bw _
Zyn-en-#-Yo-ep D-u C-ua.A--bw ]-Ln-Z--bw !--c-n--_cn-Z--bw u\n A-.-.n-en-Yw:w:- A--co-w = en-, eo-Zz-Xm,
ua-Lw C-e-I-jn h---an-b a-[y-udnIw _-ao-%w -cy-udn-I-o--ao-S-bo--
-dw, \x A--bw = R--% \o-
-b-X D-j-en--Ww, I-cmXp = I-ucn-H =
tN--Ww [do-Sm d-In-c A-Y-o d-Sm
d-In-cw 5-ubn-Ko-o-co-%-.] D-u C-ua =
C-e c-1w, Zyn-en-#-Yo-ep = -cy-udn-Iw
A-Xn-b-Hm A-Zo-Xy uX-P-m 5-e-io-%-
5-In-f-a-7-dw, --udn-Iw = 5-Xy--an-boco-%- v-Xo-I A-lo 5-n-e-- #-Yo-ep
udn-Iw, A--bw = R--%m -b-o-\
XpX-an-I-Ww. ---o A-lo A-Y-en
#-Yo-eo-w, en- Ato A--co-udn-I-=w B-Zo-Xy udnIta Zyv-udnI-=w - ô-udn-I--;w R--%m
fn-o-w h-an-[n-\-=w \---Xn-I-Ww.
]-Ln-Xm = ]o-o-- A--fy-n-\-=w,
!--c-n-Xm = -o-- 5-Xy--n-\-
-;w R--tj -b-p-X-cn---Hm, D-cn-Xm = D--X--jn-b Ko-co-KwK--;w

A-K-ay--jn-b ]-e-X-\o-c-I-;w, A-[-cn-Xm
= A-Xo-K-i-\--jn-b A--fy P-d-5-en-i-;w -ko-I-;w, R--tj -b-t----Hm.
A-e-tb-nw R--% -c- \---ebn-I-Ww. F-n 5-In-c-o--- -b-aon- fn----c-an-b Pp-eo-X-o-\-Xyn-efy-an-m. A-Xo--ue-o-- 5-I-ug-W- A-Y-\-bn-Wp a--o.28. A--bw ao-^n-Z--b-a-ao-^n-Z--bw
n-n-Xn-Z--bw- -]-ucn-n-Xm.
A--bw \-2-a--bw Zo-en \xh-cmen B-fn a-a ao-^w -e-.
(A-Y-ew 19. 15. 5. 6)-n-en-Yw:w:- A--bw ao-^n-Xm = ao^- -bw \---Hm. A--b-a-ao-^n-Xm =
f---;w R--% -bw D-n---Hm.
n-n-Xn-Xm = ]-co-No-X-cn-b _---jo
\o-w C-o-b uKn-N-c-an-b e---jo \ow R- \o--b-cn-I-Ww. ]-ucn-n-Xm
= A-5-Xy -=w A-n-X-=w, A-Xp-ob-=-an-b ]-Zn-Y--jo \o-m R--%
-b--n-I--Hm. \-2w Zo-ew = cn-=w ]-Iw R--% fn-o-5-Z-=w h-un-g-2-=w B-I-Ww. cn-ô-bo -J-\o--w
]-I h|--an-b Pp-eo-X-=w D-n-I-W-ta-Yw. R--;-tS I-a-u-n-K- -b-c-ioX-an-I-W-ta- hn-cw. C--t\ h-cmenx
B-fn = F-n Zo-f-I-;w F-\o-% ao-^-jn-I-t. A--t\ h|----c-an-b dv-Io-I
Pp-eo-Xw d-o--t.- a-w cn-Y - i|o-U|-\o 5--In-f-\o-\--h-co-n-m n-gyw tN-o-co-%-Hmm. a-e 5--ho-p-I-c-W--jo ]-ucn-n-Xm
F--Xo--]-I-cw !--ucn-bx F-n- ]n-Tw.
A-Yw G-tXn-n-uWn A--K--tX-w
a--o u\-c-t ]-l-o---Xo-\nww ]n-Tw C-eo-tS hw-K-X-a-. h-cme
B-fnx F--Xo-m Zo-f A-Y-en Zo-%m F-
A-Yw u_n-[o--Ww.-C-Xo -f|-c--Xo 5nn-Y-\n,
h|-o e-nN-\w, fn-o-I-c-Ww
(HSw)
+xn 486 29
29
30
486 30 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
X|NoI (HS)
-F.-eo. cn-[n-#--tte-Zo-Im
sshZnIXzNnbpsS kamcw`w
A-Xp-X-v-Xp-I-an-b 5-]--ttN-X-\yw
a-\-o-t-w en-o-t-w -]w ttItn-m -wo-bo u_n-[-]-c-an-b H-
I-e-Nw Xp-o---Xn-bo -wo--2-jo--tS I-S--u]n-!-un \--%m a-\-odn-n-=--Xn-m. -wn-eo-t a-\-o
\o-m N--w -J-o \o-m A-lo-w,
N-E-o \o-m -cy-w D-n-bo F-
]-l--un, A-Y-en -wo-?-a-o
5-Xo--wo-%m -u h--co- A-Xp-X-a-\o-t-w en-o-t-w ?o-bn-Z-I-an-b
h-K-tte--e-an-m.--cy n-\-o-t-w, N-
an-\-ho-I 5-Xo-n-h--;-tS-w A-lo
5-]--o-t-w A-So-n-\ 5-Xp-I-jn-m. 5-]---wo?-a-o C-Hm
-So-ub Xp-. a-\-o-t g-i-Zm-]-jn-Wo-e A-H-tIn-n-I-Ww -wo-bo-td
B-Z-]-c-=w. v-Xp-I-=-an-b hw--I
c-1 5-Xo-n-h--tj-w B-[n-c-an-o
D-S-td--o---Hm.-h X-u]nX]n X-]y-X h X-] |n|n-h ao-w-\ --Xm]n-Z-b-uX.--woIn-a-\--tIn-m 5-Pn-]-Xo X-t
A-\o-e-N-\p-b-an-b X-]-n-cw-o-. B
X-]-o \o-w c-m -wo-In-c-W-an-b
5-Xo-n-h--tj A-H-+n-Zo-o-. _-*-[n
tb--Hm 5n-Xo-n-ho-I-an-b No---So-bnm. -wo-%m A-u\-Iw ttI-e-ko-I B-efy-an-tW-m n-c-Xp-b No- D-l-o-%-.
A-H-tIn-n-I-Ww
'AA-u\|-w-ueyn g--i-o-e ]-n'' tb-
B-g-e-N-\w (A-u\-I-e-ko-I-jo--tS No-o-
%-I) \nw h|n-b--an-o-b-Hm.1) B-Zo-uXyn i tte 5n-n--uWn2) c-bo-uc-e N--an, Z|-Z-jo-dn-m

~-1-W--Xo--tS ?o-bn-eo-uf-g -wo?-aw H-S---Hm.-5n-W B-Zo-Xy-m -]w \-o, cbobn-I-t N--w -]w \-o, \--tS tteZp-I Z-f-\ ]n-c--cyw c-1 5-Xo-nh--tj-w B-[n-c-an-o-bn-m No-o-o--Hm.DD-[y--J en B-Zo-Xyx_
h-cmen-Wo --Xn-\o-5-W-b-Xo X-n-uZ-\w 5n-n-W
C-Xyn-N--uX
X
--X-uc-b ~n-1-W-o-td B-Zo-Xy
5n-W-_-w ey-2-an-%- \o-eN-\w, B-Zo-Xy-5n-W--;-tS ]-c--cn-[oX-X|-t-w, 5n-W, B-Zo-Xy-t\
F-5-In-cw e-d-bw tN-o-co-%- F-w,
B-Zy-5n-W--dw P-K-o-t\ F--t\
h-uen-Xm#-w-an-b ttP-ep-I-_--o-l-o- \o-o-tb--Hw C-eo-tS -ey-an-m.-h-e--X-Pn-d--;w 5--W-b-Xoo bo-dnuI--Xo-t hw--w en-Iy--jo-dS-o-bo-co-%-. 5-W-bw 5n-W-\o-d-[o-~oX-an-m. C-Xo-t\-w ~-1-W--Xo-bn-[nc-an-%-. C-eo-tS-w h-K-tte--ew
D-S-td--%--Hm -wn-eo-t a-\-m X-]o-Xo \o-n-tW-m a-\-o-dn-nw.
-wo-%-]n-Zn-\-In-c-W-an-bo 5-Pn-]-Xo
No-o--Hm Z|-n-Z-I-X-bo--tS-bn-m c-m
In-c-W- e-o-%--Hm n-\-a-u\n+xn 486 31
31
-2--jn-bo-n-m. C-eo-tS c-bo-ub-w

5n-W-u\-w H-S-- -wo-?-a-o--
In-c-W-an-bo-n-m ey-2-an-o-bo---Hm.
cc-bo-a-T-e-Xm u]n-g-ua-e F-m ue-Zw X-lo-m ]-l---Hm X-t C-Xo-t--Zn-i-cW-an-m.-c-bo--tS -wo n-e-t A-w
F-n-m tte-Zo-I hw- - A-w
en A-cm F-w, A-w tte en-P-tbw ~n-1-W- \o-e-No-%-un
c-bo--tS ?o-bn-Z-I-h--bn-m A-ta- E-go e-N-\-o \n-ta-o-uG-X-X ua _-*-[n
-. ]o-t-w G5--Pnx I-co-gy-X C-Xo c-1-u]-w
(c-bo/5n-W) F-\o-%-ue-o -wo-Ia-t H-S-m _-d-e-n-%w F-m D-ra-\-n \o-L-bo-. 5-n-e-o
__-*-[n 5--Pn
n F- e-N-\w A-Xy-w
B-udn-N-\n--X-an-m - -wo-bo-td tteeo-[yw u\-c-t (tte--[y-a-) X-t
\o-L-bo--Xn-bo C-Hm 5-I-S-an-%-. In-cWw -wo-tb--Hm -f|-c-t 5n-ub-W- P-\o-X-I-?-o--tS ]-c--c-bn-m
-C-H-tIn-1m X-t 5-Pn-]-Xo -wo--tS
A-[o-\n-Y-w 5-P-tb--Hm g-i-n-b
a-\-o-t -wo-]-c-an-b --dn-m
A-lo-\n c-bo-a-T-e-Xmu]n-gF--Xn-m. Aua-e -- 5-#-X-o A-lo-bn (c-bo
hw-_-w) u]n-go-o--t-- 5-]-=w Pp-eo-Pn-d--;w, -f|-c-\o--2-an-b

A--h|--]-n e-o-X-an-!--Xo-t
-]-uc-J \---1m. c-bo-tb--Hm -f|cp-b-X-u]n-P-an-tW--Hm \nw u\-c-t
I-1 I-ko-. N-E-o \o-m !-l-t-
-cy -J-o \o-n-eo--eo- A-lo-tS Kn-V-an-b 5-Xo-_ow-_-an-m -Z|n-Z-I-X-bo -Jw, N-E-hm, A-lo, c-bo,
5n-W, B-Zo-Xy, N- F-o--t\
5n-Xo-n-ho-I--jn-b \o-c-e-[o
hw--I A-S-o-bo-co-%-. C-e-bn
I-t ]-c--c--c-I--;-an-Wm. hw-I 5-#-Xo--tS n-e--;w, 5-#-Xo-tS -d-X-X|w g-im a-\-o \o-w
D-S-td-- 5-Xo-n-h--;-tS 5n-t-]-antW--Hw No--\p-b-an-m. ttZ-ep-I-an-b
]--Xo-bo 5-]--o Pp-e-Pn-d-;-tS 5-?-a- G-H a-\-o-t\ B-[-bon-m \o-d-tIn-=--tX-m \--%m ey-2
-an-o----Hm, tte-Zp-I hn-io-Xy-anm. C-Xo 5-Xo-^-do-%- ?o-bn-eo-ufg- h-e-Hw -f|-c ]-cyn-b-en-No-Ijn-m. C-Xo-t X-X|n-Y-\o-W-b-]-cp-bo \nw F-o \o---Xn-I-t ud-J\n-cw--o -No-o- -f|-c-t A-Xoa-i-n-b c-n-I-e-N-o-w.
(H--S-w)
A-\o-Xy-o A-\o-Xy-X. \o-Xy-o \o-Xy-X. ]-eo-^-a-n--Xo A-]-eo-^-X, ]-eo-
^-X-bo ]-eo-^-X, x-J-o x-Jw, -J-o -Jw, A-\n-Z-X-bo B-Z-o--X,

B-Zn-eo B-Z-X F-o-e-In---Xn-Wm eo-Zy ue-ob-Yn-e--| ]-Zn-cmYh|--]w b-bn hn eo-Zyn. b-bn X-|-h|--]w \ Pn-\n-Xo --an-\y-o-\y-o-Lo-u\n-Xo
b-bn hn A-eo-Zyn G-Xo-\n ]-Zn-Y--;-tS b-Yn-Y-h|--]w A-lo---uen A-Xo-t\bn- eo-Zy F- ]-l---Xm. G-tXn-o-\n X-|-h|--]w A-lo--o--ubn G-Xo-\n
H- e--eo a-tn- e--eo-t A-o-X|-u_n-[w D-n-!--uen A-Xo-t\ A-eo-Zy F-w
]-l--.- -I-a-=w D-]n-h-\-w A-eo-Zy-bn-Wm. In-c-Ww, A-e _n-iy--;w B--c--;an-b ?o-bn-eo-uf-g--jn-Wm, n-\-a-. A-H-tIn-1-X-t-bn-Wm Cv a--o ]-coI--an-b I-aw A--~o-%-I-w Cv-f|-c-t\ D-]n-ho-%-I-w tN-n-tX --Xz-x-J-t
B-w X-c-Ww tN--o-. F- ]-l-o---Xm. ]n-e-\-an-b I-an--~n-\w, ]-eo-^-an-b
D-]n-h-\, ]-co-I--an-b n-\w F-o-e-tIn-u uan-w Io--I-->. A-h-Xy-n-g-Ww
H-S-o-b -l-a-, eo-r-in-cn-[-\, ao-Yyn-n-\w F-o-e-I-jn-w _--\-an--n-!-Xm F--Yw. I-aw, D-]n-h-\, n-\w, F-o-e-b-n-tX H- \o-ao-gw u]n-w a--gy-
\o-d-\o-o-. A-Xo-\n h-Xy-n-g-Wn-Zo [-a--2-I-a- A--~o-%-I-w ao-Yyn-hwn-g-Wn-Zo A-[-a--tj Xy-Po-%-I-w tN---H an-^-an-Wm uan--o-- D-]n-bw."
32
486 32 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
]vcnWoINoI (HS)
B. ]--P-e-o, --S-
thZhpw thZmhpw
eoueIUnaWo
eoueI
UnaWo
u^n-Iw 43
-X-Yn e-Z-w f-c-Wn-K-Xw h|w-hw-hn-c-Zn-en-\-d-Xn-]-X-w-\o-cp-y In--Wy-c-hn-cm--wyn,-Z-Zyn-Z-p-Xow h-i-hn-, a-in-Zn.-]-Z-u--Zw:w:- X-Yn e-Z-w f-c-Wn-K-Xw h|w
hw-hn-c-Zn-en-\-d-Xn-]-X-w \o-cp-y In--Wy-c-hn-cm--wyn Z-Zyn-Xm A-p-Xow h-ihn a-in-Zn.-A-\|-bw:w:- X-Yn e-Z-w h|w f-c-Wn-K-Xw
hw-hn-c-Zn-en-\-d-Xn-]-X-w (Xw) In-Wy-c-hn-cm--wyn \o-cp-y a-in-Zn
h-i-hn A-p-Xow Z-Zyn-Xm.-A-Yw:w:- X-Yn e-Z-w = A-5-In-cw ]-l--e-w, h|w f-c-Wn-K-Xw = X-t f-cWw 5n-]o--e-w, hw-hn-c-n-en-\-d-Xn-]X-w (Xw) = hw-hn-c-an-!- In--Xp-bo
X-]o-- e--an-b A-e-t\ (fo-gy-t\),
In--Wy-c-hn-cm--wyn \o-cp-y = In-Wy-n B-cm-an-b -wo-tIn-1
u\n-o-bo-m, a-in-Zn h-i-hn A-p-Xow
Z-Zyn-Xm = a-in-Zn-en-b Y- D-S A--bw
\--Ww. Z-Zyn-Xm F--H ?o-b, Z-Zn-Xo =
tIn--%-, \--, Z-Zyn-Xm = tIn---t,
tIn---Ww, tIn--n-w.-u^n-Iw 44
-eo-Z|n-\m h-X-n D-]-]-o-ap--ug----ue hn--b-uYn-2-In-co-uW-5-fn--No-n-b f-an-\|o--X-n-b-X-u|n-]-uZ-fw #--]-ttb-e !--cyn-Xm.-]]-Z-u--Zw:w:- eo-Z|n-\m hx X-tt
t D-]-]-ow
--ug ---ue hn--b-uYn-2-Inco-uW 5--fn--No-n-b f-an-\|o-Xn-b
X-u|n-]-uZ-fw #--]-bn G-e !--cyn-Xm.A-\|-bw:w:- eo-Z|n-\m hx D-]-]-ow --Aug ---ue hn--b-uYn-2-In-co-uW

5--fn--No-n-b f-an-\|o-Xn-b X-tt
t
#--]-bn G-e X-u|n-]-uZ-fw !--cyn-Xm.-A-Yw:w:- eo-Z|n-\m hx = eo-Z|n-\n-b A-uiw (Y-) D-]-]-ow --ug ---ue
= hn-ap-]yw 5n-]o--e-w uan-n-Yow, hn--b-uYn-2-In-co-uW = ue-e-Bw ]-l--H-u]n-td tN---e-w,
t =
5-fn--No-n-b f-an-\|o-Xn-b X-tt
5-fn--No--w f-a-un---So-e--an-b
A-e-m (A-e-t\ D-]-uZ-fo-m) #-]-bn G-e
X-u|n-]-uZ-fw !--cyn-Xm = #-]-tIn-1X-t X-u|n-]-uZ-fw tN--Ww. ?o-b
!-cyn-Xm. I-ucn-Xo = tN--, !--cyn-Xm =
tN--t, tN--Ww, tN-nw.-ucn-Kw tIn-1 e-d-- H--e A-Xot f-a-\-o-\n-bo B-ucn-Ky-fn--]n-cwK-X-\n-b H- tte-Zy-t h-in-bw uX--Xn-bn B tte-Zy ucn-Ko-tb \o-ug-[on-tX ue- I-]-g tN- tIn--u-Xn-m. H--e- d-o-u--Xn-b \p-Xo-tb
eo-K-Wo--tIn-1m A-e-u\n-Sm B-tc-o-w
un-iw In-o-bn X-t h--Sw H-
\yn-bn-[o-]-t -]o h-a-o-%-en
A-e-m A-e-In-f--1m. \p-Xo d-o-%-ta-
eo-f|-ho--e-- i-Po-n-c- \o--ec-e-o-bn-b \yn-bn-[o-] -W-an-w
\p-Xo \--en _n-[y--\n-m. en-eo-I-an-b In-c-W--jn A-[|n-\-uf-go
C-n- H--e X-t D-tn-=-
h--i-un-Sm X-\o-% Pp-eo-%-en--
+xn 486 33
33
A-e-h-c-=w D-]n-[o-I-;w B-e-fy-t--Xn-bn A-H-\o-ug-[o-%-en h--i-o\n-=-I-bo-. A-H-u]n-td 5-]--c-i-hyw

ey-2-an-bo A-lo-bn-=- H- uZ-fo-I-tb--m h-ZmK-Xo uX-So-e-- h-Xyn-u\|go-%-an-K-\o-u-fw \---Xo- Y--=w
_n-[y--\n-m.udn-uIn--c-an-b A-[yn-Z-n-\-hc-Wo-I D-n-!-en-\o-S-bn-bo---Xm h-ogy-n-%m D--a-Y---n n-\w
]-I- tIn--%-I-bn-dn-m. e-ho-~
[p-cn-a-N--w, [p-#- A--\-w,
e--uZ-e B-\--w, uhn-?-p-hm
u8-un-w, ub-I-?o- ]-u^n-hm -X
ubn-i-n e-tc-- fo-gy-n-%w
eo-Zy D-]-uZ-fo-. C--t\ F-eo-tS
u\n-o-bn-w Y--fo-gy-n--tS a-i-n
-b ]n-c--cyw In-Wnw.-ucn uZ-fo-td-w a-X-o-td-w
hnw-n-co-I-]-Ln--d-a--h-co-m Y--n fo-gy-udn-I-t h|p-I-co-m eo-Zy
A-y-ho-o-%- an-K--jo ey-Xyn-hw
D-n-tb- e-cnw. _n-iy--wyn-u\n-%un No-d Y---n I--f-n-cnw a-e No-d Y---n Z-bn-]-c-n-cn-w
In-W-t--. -K-en e- F-un-?w
A-Xy-w In--Wy-un-tS u-i-e-ed-\n-bo fo-gy-n-tc ]-To-o--u]n-.
F-n X--bn-\-e--h--Zn-b-o- Xo-udn--w an-n-w I-uTn-c-ta-
uXn-n-=- a-u\n-n-e-un-tS-bn-m
fo-gy-n-tc ]-To-o-o---Hm. A-e--tS
fo--W h--Zn-b-=w fo-gy-n-co-\o-n-b 5-Xp--w B-udn-No-%-un !-lua In-W-t---Xn-b I-uTn-c-X A-j-e-
en-e-dy-t tX-tn- -So-te---uX
--> F- In-Wnw.B-Z-n-\w B-r-io-%--e-%m
C--t\-- Y--fo-gy-n--tS ]n-c-cy-t hw-_-o-%- r--
A-Xy-w h-in-b-I-an-bo-co-%w. g-iZn-c-Wy-uIn-]-\o-g-m, On-un-uKyn-]
-\o-g-m, I-uTn-]-\o-g-m, ttX--cp-ubn-
34
486 34 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
]-\o-g-m, ubn-K-en-ho-~w, !-Xo-b-\o-b-ao-td \n- -eo-uf-g-, [yn-\Y---n--tS I-Y-I, uXn-a-hm A-tw_o-ho-t 'C-ao-u-g -^m tt?-hmm ',
th-m A-K-hmo-t 'I-t^-g-hm ',
a-ui--\n-Y-Y- F-?-Xo-b '[p-cn-a-#--e-N\n--Xw', P-dn--p d-ao--tS 'a-Xm\n-eo'
ao-jo--cn-Pn-=w \n-K-uh-\-w X-o--
hwenZw (ao-jo--5-T-), d-n-e-Xn-c-^w -X-dn-b D--a-r-- h-in-bI-an-bo-co-%w.
-u^n-Iw 45
-an tt-w eo-Z|| -e \n-y-]n-bx-hw-hn-c-ho-un-n--c-uWzW z-]n-bx-ub-tt\-e bn-Xn b-X-ubnhybn hy-]n-cw-X-ua-e an-cmKw X-e \o-cmo-fn-ao.-]-Z-u--Zw:w:- an tt-w eo-Z|-\m X-e \ A-o
A-]n-bx hw-hn-c-ho-unx
nx X-c-uW A-o
D-]n-bx ub-\ G-e bn-Xn b-X-bx A-hy
]n-cw Xw G-e an-cmKw X-e \o-cmo-fn-ao.-A-\|-bw:w:- eo-Z|-\m, an tt-w, X-e A-]n-bx
\ A-o. hw-hn-c-ho-unx
nx X-c-uW
D-]n-bx A-o. b-X-bx Ahy-]n-cw ub-\
an-cmuK-W G-e bn-Xnx Xw an-cmKw G-e
X-e \o-cmo-fn-ao.-A-Yw:w:- eo-Z|-\m, an tt-w = A--ubn
eo-Z|n, \p -b-t-uS-; X-e A-]n-bx \
A-o = \o-\-%m A-]n-bw C-. hw-hn-cho-unx
nx X-c-uW = hw-hn-c-h---o-t
X-c-W-o, D-]n-bx A-o = D-]n-bw
(an-Kw) D-m. b-X-bx A-hy-]n-cw = b-XoI C-Xo-t a-c-I-c-bo, ub-\ an-cmuK-W
G-e bn-Xnx = bn-tXn- an-K-o-&So-u]n-ubn, Xw an-cmKw G-e = B an-Kw
X-t, X-e \o-cmo-fn-ao = \o-\-% Rn
\o-u-fo--X-cnw.-(A-o \o-o-fn-ao C-e c-1w ?o-bI. A-o = D-m, \ A-o (\n-o) =
C-, \o-cmo-f-Xo = \o-u-fo-%-, \o-cmofn-ao = Rn \o-u-fo-%-.)- n-\-eon-\--;-tS G-H fn-J-bo-w H-co-
A---e h---\n-bo-p-n B
an-Kw In-Wo--tIn--%--Xo-w, B
e-ko-%-u]n-!-un hw--eo-u-n-=-
tX-e-I --o-I-1m A-Xo-\o-w
A-u[y-Xn-eo-t\ Xo--K-en-w fo--I-
I-ko-w. C-eo-tS hw-hn-c-hn-K-c-t X-cWw tN- H- b-Xo -V-u_n-[-o-\n-bo
X-t fo-gy- e-ko-In-Wo--tIn--%-I-bnm. B-Z-n-\-t A-u\|-go-%-
--E--%m ]-d-an-Xo-c h-u-i-
D-n-!-en-\o-S--m. F-n -V-u_n[-\n-bo I-ko- H- a-in-Zn-eo-m
eo-g-b-o hw-f-b-ao-. A-5-In-c--
H-cn-Nn-cy-t\ I-t-K-en-w A-u-in e-ko-tX-jo--Io--en-w C-S-bn-!--H
n-Kyw- X-t.-u^n-Iw 46
-A-z-]n-ubn a-in-\m I-Lo-Xm
-hw-hn-c--b-\n-f-\x-uX-\ Xp-cmX|n -enw-un-[ow-]-c-an-\--an-;y-ho.-]-Z-u--Zw:w:- A-o D-]n-bx a-in-\m I-Lo-Xm
hw-hn-c--b-\n-f-\x uX-\ Xp-cmX|n -enwun-[ow ]-c-an-\-w B-;y-ho.-A-\|-bw:w:- hw-hn-c--b-\n-f-\x a-in-\m
I-Lo-Xm D-]n-bx A-o. uX-\ -enw-un-[ow
Xp-cmX|n ]-c-an-\-w B-;y-ho.-A-Yw:w:- hw-hn-c--b-\n-f-\x = hw-hn-c-b-t \-fo-o-%-, a-in-\m I-Lo-Xm
D-]n-bx A-o = a-i-n-b H- D-]n-b-1m. uX-\ -enw-un-[ow Xp-cmX|n = A-HtIn-1m hw-hn-c-h--w X-c-Ww tN-o-m,
]-c-an-\-w B-;y-ho=
o ]-c-an-\--t
\p 5n-]o-%w. (?o-b 5-;y-ho, 5-;y-Xo =
5n-]o-%w, 5n-n-;y-ho = \p 5n-]o-%w)-Y- C-eo-tS fo-gy-\o 5p-X-\n-bo-co%-. Pp-eo-X--n-%- -c--c-tI-]n--I-jo \o-w \o-e-o-m, h|n-X-y=w h-an-[n-\-=w ttI-e-co-%-en H-u-tl
\- an-K--;-m. udn-I-otd-eo-tS-w
A-lo-=--e eo-f|-h-\p-ban-b \- an-K
I-t-o-bo--m. n-c-X-o
E-go-an I-t-o-b H- an-K-an-m
D-]-\o-g-K-I-jo ]loco%Hm.
uhn]n[oI=w Ia]nfjo
_o%Hanb Aloeo\ow
\o]n[oI=w \ocXofb=anb
fnoXHanb anKt D]\og
KI eo-e-co-%--m. Y--P-\--;-tS
D-]-uZ-f-t--o eo-Nn-c-en-n-w, ue-Zw
A-o-a-d-y-an-o-te-o-co-%- uan-t ]-c-a-!--gn-Y-an-o-b-e-w B-b
H-u-tl h-o-gy-n--tS D-Zn-i-c-W--;w
D-]-\o-g-K-I-jo ]-l-o-co-%-. B
an-K-t-bn- ue-Zn--an-Kw F-
]-l---Xm.ue-Zo--Xm F- ]-l-n A-lo-Xm F--Yw. A-lo--Xo-t tX-ew f-cow, Y-W-uZn-g-=w, \o-Xy-X-w A-\o-XyX-w, B-Zyw eo-Nn-cw tN- u\n--Ww.
eo-Nn-cw ]-I|-an-!-un a-\-\-o--
hn-a-Yy--n-!w. a-\-\w e-j-n A-H
\-t [yn-\-o F-o-u-%w. a-\-S-o-b-e-%m C--t\-tbn- \--e-ko-bo-co%-. A-Xn- H-S- ]-l-bn
(H--S-w)
u]n-!--Hm.
1. -X|-%--X A-oe-tc-- #-Yo-ep-a-bh--Zn-bw A--a-b-uIn-fw.

w 2. 5n-n-W-a-b-uIn-fw,
w
A-Xo (5n-n-W) A-I-K-\o- !-l-u-% \o-K-ao-%- en- (A-]n-\) !-l-K-\o-m
A-I-u-% 5-ue-fo-%- en- (h-an-\) \n-o-bo C--m f-cp-c-an-h-I-dw c-h-t
eyn-]o-o-%- en-, (D-Zn-\) A--]n-\--tj D-o-ud-m B-I-go-%-I-w _-d-]-cn?-a--tj D-j-en-%-I-w tN-- en-, (eyn-\) Pp-e f-cp-c-n tN-- F-n uNw en-m,
w-I-;-tS-w In-c-W-an-b en- F-o-e-tb-nw o-Xo-tN--. -3. a-u\n-a-b-uIn-fw.
]n-Zw, ]n-Wo, ]n-, D-]-w, F-p A- I-ua-o-b--;w A-i-n-c-=w a-\-un---So
o-Xo tN--.-- 4. eo-n-\-a-b-uIn-fww. A-Xo e-o, No-w, F-o-e-w u[n-^w,
N-E-hm, X|-m, Po-i|, \n-ho-I F-p n-u\-o-b--;w o-Xo-tN--. A-e-tb-tnw A-Xo 5p-Xo,
m Pp-e n-\n-Zo-ey-e-in-c- \o-e-io-%-.- 5. B-\--a-b-uIn-fw.
5-h--X, !-l-uen--X-udn B-b B-\-w A-e-n-[n-c-an-b 5-#-Xo-w C-co-%-.+xn 486 35
35
p]ew
Uo. Iadnnbo
thZImehpw kv{XoIfpw
A-[yn-bw 10
-[-a-]-Uo
-]n-Wo-r-i-W-=w 5--Xo--w
-ui uZ-ep C- Rn \o-t I-cw r-io%-I-bn-m. \o-t ho--c-uc-J-bo
ho--cw tXn--tIn-1m \o-t F-t B-Ppe-\n- h-Jo-bn-o-bo-co-%-. A--t\
\--%m !-Xo-tbn- Pp-eo-X-o-ud-% 5-uefo-nw. A-lo-hn-o-bn-bo 5-Z--oWw
tN-m \- c-1-u]-w Zn--Xy--^n _-o-X-cn-bo-co-%-. ]-eo-^-an-b
ue-Z-a-un-n-c-W-un-tS Rn F-t
ttI-n \o-t I-cw r-io-%-I-bn-m.
1. G-\n-lo-c-hyn -ayn -i-w P-rn-i
Z-o-W-am.
uX-\ [-imWn-ao uX i-w an ey-Yo-_
~n -a-bnh-i 5-P-bn N [-u\-\ N.
(A-Y-e-ue-Zw 14.1.48)
n-en-Yw:w:- G-tXn- ttI-I-jn-dn-uWn
cy\n! ]Xo ao ]oWobnb
]UotS edHIcw rioHm AHu]n
td f2ofndobnb Rn XynKabow
anfpdanb \ot Icw rio%.
F-un-tSn-w Pp-eo-m \p h-n-\-hv-nKy-=w h--Zmh--o-w A---eo-%-I. H-co-w A-n-cy-o \o-\-% x-Jo-uo-e-co-I-bo-.
2. [-imWn-ao uX hv--K-X|n-b i-w
a-bn- ]-Xyn P-c-Z-wo-cm b-Yn-hx.
-uKn A-cy-an h-eo-Xn !-c-o-cm
-a-iyw X|n--cm Kn-cmi-]-Xyn-b uZ-enx..
(A-Y-ew. 14.1.50)
-n-en-Yw:w:- Rn \otw F-t-w
hv-n-Ky-o-\n-bo I-cw-r-io-o-co-%-.
36
486 36 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
(HS)
At\ -n-en-b FuntSn-Km

Zp-L-\n hv-n-Ky-e-Xo-bn-bo Pp-eo-n- n-Kyw \o-\%-5n--an-I-t. h-I-d
-f|-cy--2-w, \yn-b-In-co-w, h-a-P-K-o-t-w -wo-I-n-=w hw-c-I--an-b ]-c-an-Zn-=w, h-n-a-7-]-o-w
eo-en-i-ue-Zo-bo-w h-o-io-X-cn-bo--
eo-Z|n-n-w B-Nn-cy-e-cy-n-w [-in-[-a[-aw A--~o-%--Xo-\n-bo \o-t F-\o% \-o-bo-co-%-.
3. -K-u i--an-r-ip-Xm h-eo-Xn
i--a-r-ip-Xm.
]-Up X|-a-ho [-cma-Wn, A-iw
[-i-]-Xo--ex..
-(A-Y-ew. 14.1.51)
n-en-Yw:w:- ui! uZ-ep, -f|-cy-en-\n-bop- Rn \o-t ]n-Wo-r-i-Ww
tN--. [-a-an-K-o Pp-eo-%--Xo-
u5-c-I-bn-!-en-\n-bo Rn \o-t I-cw
r-io-%-I-bn-m. \p F-t [-a-]-Uo-bnm. Rn \o-t [-i-\n-Y-\n-b ]-Xo-w.
-a-n-Yw,
w, So--Wo:o:- -Kx=
x -f|-cy-fn-dobn-b, uX-i-w = \o-t I-cw, A-r-ip-Xm
= ]o-So-o-co-%-, r-io-o-co-%-; X|w =
\p, [-cma-Wn = [-a-n, ]-Up = n-cy
([-a-]-Uo) B-!-, A-iw = Rn, X-e
= \o-t, [-i-]-Xo = [-i-\n-Y B-!-.
4. uZ-e-hy X|n h-eo-Hx 5-h-ue
e_
f|o-u\n-cm- _n-*-ynw -un_
i-n-yn-am.
-B-Z-uZZo-ttXy cn-n-ho..
-(b--ue-Zw 38. 1)
-n-en-Yw:w:- Rn u5-c-I-w h-eo-Xn-=-
an-b ]-c-an-Zn-eo-t A--r-i-n

-cy-N--h--fw h-a-Y-an-b -P--jn-w,
u]n-g-I-\n-b en--eo- h-an-\w f-2an-b ttI-I-jn-w \o-t r-io-%-.
A-J-7o-X-=w \p-Xo--2-=-an-b Pp-eo-Xbn-^-%-ue-o [-a-an-!- N-c-So-\n
Pp-eo-X-\v-I-tb f-2-an-bo _-o-m, -c-an-b \-Zo-bo--tS C--I-c-I-tj-w X-o-w
X-udn-So-w B-So--d-m ]n--u]n-!-
Pp-eo-X-t a-\-n-o-[y-un-tS XcWw
tNm a-c-I-c F-n \o-\-%-I-ko-b-Ww.
A--t\ \o-t h-in-b-=w h-i-e-oX|-=w tIn-1m uB-f--W-=w I-To-\-=-an-b
\p-Xo-an-K-o--tS h--co-m d-y-otd-n F-\o-%w I-ko-b-u.
-a-n-Y-So--Wo:o:- uZ-e-hy = Zo-ey-Y-W-2w, h-eo-Hx= u5-c-I-\n-b ]-c-ua-f|-c-t,
5-h-ue = A--r-i-n, A-f|o-u\nx
\nx=
-cy-N--h-an-\w, _n-*-ynw = -P-
jn, -nx = u]n-g-I-\n-b en--eo-
H-dyw, i-n-ynw=
ynw ttI-I-jn, \o-t,
B Z-uZ = r-io-%-, \p A-Zo-ttXy =
A-J-7o-X-\p-Xo--ew \-S-%--Xo-ud-%m,
cn- = I-b-lo--H-dyw Aho
Aho== B-!-.
-I-a-In-7-a--h-co-m a-w
tNn-o bnKo ]-I-eo-t\ I-l-%--Xo\n-bo I-b-c-]o-So-%-. Z-bn-\- ]n-Wo
r-i-W ]-c-an-bo-n-Wp a-w n-gyw
tN-m A-Yw tIn--o-co-%--Hm.
5. bn A-#---e-b-\m bn-L X-Uo-uc_-bn uZ-ep-cc-n-Mm A-o-uXn
XnZ-Z-.
Xn-|n P-c-uh hw ey-b-,
B---Xp-Zw ]-co-[-| en-hx..
(A-Y-e-ue-Zw 14. 1. 45)
-n-en-Yw:w:- F-t !-w-_nw-K--
eo-en-i-h-n-\-an-bo Ae Xt
Hotb a-u\n-i-c-an-b ]- e--
\o-\-n-bo-tIn-1-e-o--1m. Zp-Ln--o-ue-o 5n-Y-\n--ew R X--
eo-en-i-e-w (!-S-e) \p h-un-gun-tS h|p-I-co-m [-co-m A-e-tc h--wcn-%-I. (eo-en-i-e-w A-Y-en a--uIn-So
a-c-W]-cy-w ]-eo-^-an-bo -o--e-m
aw-K-j--+--o [-co-%- H-cn-Nn-cw

C-w \o-d-eo--1m.)
-aa-n-Y-So--Wo:o:- bn = B-cn-uWn,
A-#--\\-m = -----Hm, A-e-b-\\-m =
e-w H---Hm, B-cn-uWn X-Uo-uc =
a-u\n-i-c-an-bo Nn-b-ao-m, bn uZ-eox = G-Hm
p-I-jn-uWn ]--e--o c-1 e-f-Kw
Io--co-]o-So-o-%--Hm, B-Z-Z-m = h-n\-an-bo X--, Xn = A-e, P-c-uh = ZpLn--o-\n-bo 5n-Y-\n--ew X--
eo-en-i-e-w (a--uIn-So) X|n
X|n= \p,
hw ey-b- = h-un-g-un-tS h|p-I-com [-co-%-I, B--Xo= Zp-Ln--n-bo
Pp-eo-u- \p, C-Zw en-hx = e-w
(!-S-e) ]-co-[-e|n
|n= [-co-%-I.
6. A-iw eo-gyn-ao abo -]-a-hynue-Z-Zo-Xm ]-fy-m a-\-hx !-dn-b-am
-\ u
u-b-a-Zmao a-\-uhn-Z--uNy h|-bw
[[-yn-u\n e--W-hy- ]n-fn-m.
(A-Y-e-ue-Zw 14. 1. 57)
-n-en-Yw:w:- ui uZ-ep! \o-t -]-dn-eWy-t, \o-t h-ZmY-W h--K-I-tj%-lo-m Rn -W-an-bo-[n-c-W---e\n-m. F-t ,-Z-b-o--o \o-t
-]w Rn u5-a--ew 5-Xo-~o--I-ko. A-H-u]n-td \o-t ,-Z-b-o
F-\o-%w C-Sw X--I. Rn C-\o-ua
a-\-ne-nNn-I-a-Wn \o-t A-lo-=w
h--X-=-ao-n-tX H- 5-?-o-w tN--Iot- 5-Xo--tb--%-I-bn-m. -J-=w
x-J-=w \--o--e-%w H--ao----eonw. ]o-J-[-i-o \o-\-% e-j-tc-b-[oIw eo-d-%-I u\-co-uS-o-e-o-co-nw.
B tI--]n-I-tj-nw Rn h|-bw
F--K-I-j-m \o-t h|-X--bn-o-boco-%-.
-a-n-Yw:w:- a-\-hnx=
nx a-\-o-t, !-dn-bnw
= u5-a--]-an-!- !-Sp-c-o ]-fy-y-\m=
In--, ue-Z-XmC-Xm = A---eo--lo--.
A-iw = Rn, A-hy = \-e-e--eot -]w = -]-dn-e-Wyw, h-ZmY-W h-K-I, a-bo eo-gyn-ao = F-t ,-Z-bo 5-Xo-~o-%-, u-bw =
+xn 486 37
37
uan-wo-%-I, H-jo-w a-l-w tN--I, \

A-Zmao = D]ubnKo%I-bo- a-\--tIn1-u]n-w \p A-lo-bn-tX H-w tN--Ibo-, D-Zm-A--uNy=
Ny a-\-n en-Nn-I-a-Wn
\ot A-lo-uen h--X-uan -Sn-tX H-w
tN-o-, h|-bw = Rn X-t, e--Why-]n-fn-\m = \o-t ]o-J-[-i-o-td
e--W-]n-f-h-an-\-an-b _--\-,
[-yn\mx Ao = fo-Yo-d-an-o \o-t
h|-X--bn-%-.
-SoSo--Wo:o:- eo-gyn-ao _ ugn A--I-cman-Wo.
eo_-cme-I uJn-u\ A-cmY-uaw. ue-Z-Xm _
eo-Zm n-u\, f-J- 5-Xy-b.
7. hw X|n \-iyn-ao ]-b-hn #-Yo-eynx,
hw- X|n \-iyn-ao ]-b-hv-g-[p-\n-am.
hw -X|n \-iyn-ao 5-P-bn [-u\-\,
hn hw-\-n h--io en-P-ua-a-am.
(A-Y-e-ue-Zw 14.2.70)
-n-en-Yw:w:- Rn \o-\-%m -ao-bo-td
h-I-d v-Xo-I--J-un-K--;w (]v-wo-I
un-P-\w, c-U-, -K-I, h|-Wn--cW-, a-Wo-an-jo-I, ]-co-Nn-c-I-?-w)
F-nw u\-So--cnw. G--=w \- -g-[ow c-h--;w \o-\-%m ue-1-uen-jw \-nw.
\o-\-%m h-n-\-hv-n-Ky-=w h--Zmh-o-w D-n-o--cnw. h-a- -f|cy- A---eo-%-un-?w \p Zn-\-[-a-jo eo--J-X-In-n-tX Pp-eo--Ww.
-a-n-Yw:w:- Rn, X|n = \o-t, #-Yo-eynx
= -ao-bo-td, ]-b-hn=]nn
-tIn-1m, -aobo-d-y-an-b h-I-d-e---;w tIn--1m,
hw--\-iyn-ao = h--w-bn-nw, X|n
hw
X|n= \ot, -g-[p-\nw = -g-[o-I-;-tS, ]-bhn= c-h-n, hw \-iyn-ao = ue-
hn
X|n= \o\%m, 5-P-^-w hw--co--X-cnw, X|n
bn= h-n-\-, [-\- C-e-tb-nw
bn
\-nw hw \-n = h-a---f|-cy-e-Xobn-bo ]-co-d-ho-%-un-?w, hn = A-e-tb
\p C-aw en-Pw = -f|-cy--tj
\n--]n--- A-io-%--e-%m, B
h--io = Zn-\w tN--Ww.
-So--Wo:o:- \-iyn-ao_W-i _--u\. h-io_g- -Zn-u\.
38
486 38 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
8.
A-uan i-a-o hn X|w,

hn-an-i-a-o _ E-Im X|w,
Zy
Zyv-c-iw #-Yo-ep X|-am.
Xneo-i hw--en-e 5-Pn-an
P-\-bn-e-tti. -(A-Y-e-ue-Zw 14.2.71)
-n-en-Yw:w:- ui uZ-ep! Rn A-a (_hn (an--cyw) B-!-I.
dw) B-!-. \p hn
A--t\ f-2o--uS-w u-i-o-t-w
hw-ubn-K-o--tS \--%m hn-at
-wo-nw. Rn hn-a-an-m, \p E-n-n
%-I, A--t\ \--% c-1-u]-%w uNm E-o, ]n-So-!-It]- hn-a-Kn-\w
-wo-nw. Rn (uZyn-em) -cy-\n-!-.
\p #-Yo-eo-bn-. F-5-In-c-an-uWn f-2oun-X-n-b -cy-w !-wo-e-o-\o-bn-b
#-Yo-eo-w uN-m 5-]--o-dn-I-an-\- N-cn-N-c--wo \-S-K--Hm, A-H
-u]n-td \--tS c-1-u]--tS-w PpeoXw
h--Xo-]-c--c- P-w \---Xn-e-t.
\--% 5-P-I-tj -wo-nw.

-a-n-Yw:w:- A-iw = Rn, A-ax = A-a,
A-o = B-!-, X|w = \p (hn) =h
B-!-. (hn+A-a =hn-a), A-iw = Rn
hn-a = hn-a, A-o = B-!-, X|
X|w = \p,
E-Im = E-n-!-, A-iw = Rn, Zyvx
= -cy-\n-!-, X|w = \p, #-Yo-eo = -aobn-!-, Xv = \n-ao--e-w, hw--en-e =
]-c--cw uN-m, 5-Pnw = h-n-\--tj
B P-\-bn-e-tti = P-\o-o-nw (Pw
\nw).
9. b-^n -in-cmZx -#-uXn a-Z-o
eo-in-b ucn-Kw X-\|x
|x h|n-bnx.
-A-u^n-Wn Aw-ttK-c-6-Xnx h|-cmuKX-^ ]-ufy-a ]o-X-cv- N- !-^n-\m.
-(A-Y-e-ue-Zw 6.120.3)
-n-en-Yw:w:- F-eo-tS-bn-uWn ]-c--c-u5-a
eo-f|n-h h---an-b a-\-un-tS, I-=w !-Wy-=-an-b I-an--~n-\--ujn-tS
Pp-eo-%- [-i----Hm, A-e fn-cpco-I ucn-K--jo \o---2-cn-bo-co-%w.
--n-w -S--n-w A-eo--n-eo-.
f-cp-cn-e-b-e--tj --]-ubn-Kw tN-n-tX,
h|-bw \-fo-o-n-tX, !-uN-w-I
tN-n-tX B-\---ew Pp-eo-%-

!-w-_w [-i-n-[-a-ta- h|-K-an-m.
A-eo-tS \--%m, h--w-cn-b an-Xn-]o-Xn-n--tSw n-\-?--w, e-ubn-?--an-b Y--P-\-;tSw 5o-b-t- uX-Ph|o-I-jn-b !-^-n--tS-w h-a--h-=w
h-an-cn-[y-=-an-b [-i-n-[-a Pp-eo-Xw
\-bo-nw.
-a-n-Yw:w:- b-^ = F-eo-tS, _ in-cmZx
= hv-in--n h--w -#-Xx =
I--Y-W-I-a-h|-n-- B-;-I, h|n-bnx
= A-e--tS, X-\|x = f-cp-c-o-t, ucn-Kw
= ucn-K-t, eo-in-b = -tc-\o-o, -SoAu[
[n-Wnx
-I-j-m, B-ucn-Ky-un-tS Au
= Aw-K-w-Kw e-cn--S-o-n-,
Aw-ttKx A-6-Xnx = fn-cp-co-I-=w an-\ho-I-=-an-b Zv-_-dy- _n-[o-n-,
a-Z-o = B-\---ew, X-^-h|-cmKw = B
[-in-[-a--]-o-- h|-cmK-o, iw
= \-, ]o-X-cv = an-Xn-]o-Xn--n,
!-^n\m N = !-^-n-tc-w, ]-ufy-a=
In-Wn\nIt.
10. h-a-uJy uZ-eyn [o-bn hw Z-o-W _ubn--N--hn.
-an a B-x 5- uan-gp-cm uan A-iw
X-e -ep-cw eo-uZ-b X-e uZ-eo h--fo.
(b--ue-Zw 4. 23)
-n-en-Yw:w:- \o-o D--X-an-b B-Z-f-;w A-Xo-eo-fn-d-an-b Zp-L-Z-fo-X|=w A-Xo--]-co ]-ucn-]-In-c n-e-\-w
Rn I--lo--. \p F-\o-% Zp-Ln- X-m F-un-tSn-K Pp-eo--Ww.
Rn \o-un-w A--t\ X-t tN-nw.
A-Xn-b-Hm \--o--e-%w ]-c--c u-iun-w eo-f|n-h-un-w H--ao- Pp-eo-m

]--eo-^-=w D--X-=-an-b Pp-eo-Xw \-bonw. ui uZ-ep! \o-t u5-a--W-an-b
I-Sn-w F-\o-%m tt[-cy-=w eo-f|n-h-=w
\--. ep-c-n-cn-b h--Xo ]-c--c-I-tj
-wo-n \o-t u-i--W-an-b h-iubn-Kw F-\o-% f-2o-ub-I-t.
-a-n-Yw:w:- ui eo-Z|n-n-cn-b a--gy-uc!
F--t\-bn-uWn A-iw = Rn, Z-o-Wbn = n-\-hn-[-I-=w, A-n-\-\n-fI-=-an-b, D--N--hn = Z-f-\-ubn-Ky-=w,
A-Xo-K-i-\-=w 5-I-S-=-an-b e-N-\--jn,
uZ-eyn = ttZ-eo-I uPyn-Xo--, Zp-Zp-]yan-\-an-b, [o-bn = e-o--e-an-b I-a-tIn-1m, X-e= \ot B, uZ-ep =
h-uen-Xm#-w-Y-W--2-an-b en-Wo-bn
ao--]o-W-u]n-td ,-Z-b--fo-bn!--en-%-I-jn, hw--uf = f-co-bn-b
D-n-G-ubn-tS Z-f-\-ubn-Ky-an-b ey-ein-c--jn Pp-eo-X-t, h-a-uJy = I-Y\-o--tS 5-I-Sp--eo-o-%- eo-Zyn-eodn-h-n, ua-uc B- = F-t Pp-e,
an-5-uan-go = \-fo-o-%--Hm, B eo-ZytIn-o-n-Xn---Hm.
So--Wo:o:- a--o en-N-I--un-]-Soan-dn-c-an-m. I--I-a-=w, e-o--ean-b en-Kmeo-dn-h-=w, ao--]o-Wu]ntd ,-Z-bn-e-P-I-an-b tt[-cy-=w tIn-1m
A-\-f|-c-\n-bo eo-Zyn-Zo D--a Y-W-jn ep-c-h-n-\--;-tS an-Xn-]o-Xn--jnbo h--Jw en-?-I. (Z-bn-\- b--n-gyw
(H--S-w)
4. 23)
C-o-bn-Wnw eo-N-c-Xnw eo-g-ub-g|-]-in-co-i,

hw-b-ua b-U-an-Xo-gmuT-Zmeo-Z|n b-u--e-en-Po-\n-am.- (aXo
(a
Xo 2.88)
a-\-o-t\ uan-io-o-m B-I-go-m eo-g-b--jo-ud-% No--t u5-co-o-%-
C-o-b--tj A-S-%-en 5-b-Uo-%--Xm, a--gy-t -Jy-an-b I--ey-an-!-.
uX-cn-jo !-Xo-c-I-tj I-So-n tIn-m \o-b-o-m u\-e-ko-m \-S-K--H-u]n-td
a--gy C-o-b--tj \o-b-o-m A-[-a-o \o-m A-I-o [-a-an-K-o
5-e-o-o--Ww.- F-t-n, C-o-b--tj eo-g-bn-h-2--jn-o A-[-a-o
5-e-o-o-n, a--gy \o-L-b-an-w uZn-g-t 5n-]o-%-. A-e-tb P-bo-m
[-a-an-K-o-dn-%-un A-p-ww ho-o-%-.+xn 486 39
39
CXnlmkIYm]m{X\matImiw
hnZI - [paXo.
paXo. ueZcWo
ueZc
AI
I :--- Bbotd H cnPnem.
C5o, ]n7e%m ab
\oaotIn hnwKanb H
cnPnem. [o~oc \Sob cnPb
bnKow Cuiw ]tK. [a. n.
hn]ew 4-nw A[ynbw 24-nw u^nIw,
hn]ew 34-nw A[ynbw 11-nw u^nIw]
(A\|Kmn)
n ) !ewfobnb H
cnPnem. Cuiom EuN,
A\nwo Fp u]I Som.
[a. n. BZo]ew 94-nw A[ynbw 8-12
etc u^nI]
A]cnPoX - ]cnPbtSne
FYw. t ncybnb uZeuh\
tS atnu]cm [e\]ew A[ynbw
229 u^nIw 50]
Ab:Ab
:- bw Cne. eco
Hcn. pauh\ Cbntj e[o.
BZo]ew 67-nw A[ynbw u^nIw 105,
A[ynbw 117)
A]cnPoX1 :- ]cnPbtSne
FYw. Ify]\m Ieonb H
!^. [a. n. BZo]ew A[ynbw 35
u^nIw 13]
A]cnPoX2:- InduIbn F
Acnco\ow P\\w.
cnPneot\ ]n7e a. n. om
Wo. [a. n. BZo]ew 67-nw
A[ynbw 49-nw u^nIw, a. n. DuZynK
]ew 4-nw A[ynbw 21--nw u^nIw]
A]cnPoX3:- Xcn{tS H !^.
pa e[o.
[a. n. BZo]ew 67-nw A[ynbw 101-nw
40
486 40 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
u^nIw p]ew 88-nw A[ynbw 21, 22

u^nI]
A]cnPoX4:- !ewfP\nb H
cnPnem. [a. n. BZo]ew 94-nw
A[ynbw 54-nw u^nIw]
A]cnPoX5:- eoeot ]cynb
jo Hm. [a. n. Afnh\]ew
149-nw A[ynbw 88-nw u^nIw]
A]cnPoX - ]Xot\nm nco
Hcn. [a. n. icoewf]ew A[ynbw
3 u^nIw 53]
A]ncXanem
A]n
cXanem (A]cXam)
An\o\ow eo2\nbe
FYw. hnch|X Fw u]m.
eoeot F fpo \om
P\\w. [a. n. fno]ew A[ynbw
350, u^nIw 39]
A;chm
chm::- ]ndnkoaY\o P\o
uZepIjnm A;cI. Ae
Au\Inbocw Dm. [en8pIpcnanbWw
_ndIn7w 65-nw A[ynbw 32-nw
u^nIw]
A<PnX
PnX::- t anJKWotd
HcwKw. [a. n. fdy]ew A[ynbw 46,
u^nIw 4]
A<uinay
uinay::- [a!^tS cnPh
botd H \o. [a. n. hn]ew 4-nw
A[ynbw 12-nw u^nIw]
A_d - _daone
]nP\yt !^ncnbo ]Xo\
uZen1m. AXotdncnjnm A_
d. [a. n. e\]ew 220-nw A[ynbw
11-nw u^nIw]
Ab:Ab
:- bw Cne
eco Hcn. pauh\ Cbntj
e[o. BZo]ew 67-nw A[ynbw
u^nIw 105, A[ynbw 117, unW]ew.
(HSw)
A[ynbw 127, u^nIw 62)
Zf\w
Zf\w
Kn
Knpww
- 5115
anKfpgw
#|n
|npww
- 2013
Uohw_
adbnjegw - 1189
?LoIw
?L
oIw
ZoWnb\w - fc
fcH
19 IB
B - \eao)
10
25
kp`mjnXkmKcw
h-n-Z-I: i-co-#--n-c-Xo-o
h-Xyw an-Xn ]o-Xn-n-\w-[-cmuan-n-Xn Z-bn-h-Jp-fn-ox ]-Upx -an !-^x-g-U-ap a-a _n--enx-A-Yw:w:- h-Xyw A--bn-bo-w, n-\w
A--\n-bo-w, [-a-e-o A--P-\n-bo-w,
Z-b h-Jo-bn-bo-w, x-J-h-i-\w n-cy-bnbo-w, uIn-]-h-i-\w !-^-\n-bo---
_-ujn--So-b-e D--a-t\--lo-I.-Xn-+-cyw:yw:- h-Xy-an-!- A--Xm (A-o-n) !-So--e-j--e A-a-c (uZ-e)
n-\-n A--bw u\-So n-\o-I-;ew-f-eo--gtS ]o-H-S--n-c-\n-b-e 'ewWw' [n-ao-I No--ubn-tS h-Zn-Nn-c-\o-cWw
X-\n-bo [-aw X-t h-i-P (h-uin-Z-c)
udn-I io-X-In-co'o
n-e-an-bo an-o-b 'udnen-o-w u\n-o-w 5-?-o-bo-w I-joun-ko-bn-b Z-bn Zn-o-Wy-w-co-%-
'hh-,-Z-b',
C-n--w e-n--w
t]n-c-Km A-d--l-bo-Sn- [-a-]-Uow'. dn-jo-Xy \o-c-Xbn-bo 'uB--f-h-i-\w'.
\n-bo hn-i-N-cy--;-an-bo C-W-o-uA-Bo-w-X..' C-e-bo \o-t-nw
- 'A-lo-&-So-b uZ-e-I-d-I-;-tS _n-iyn-eopn-cw -an - X-u-n F-jo-b-e-u\n-
!-d-K- h-i-\-fp-dw - X-t D-odo--m F-t-m udn-Iw Xo-co--lo--
A--d- -+-w - !-^ - A-uny-X. Y-W- BPo%e
huena Cetbnw X-t B%w ]-co-fp-d-\-n h-n-Zo-n-=-
A--dy-\o-[o-I-jn-m. a-in-c-Y-n--tS
Pp-eo-X-o C-e-tb-nw In-Wn-=--Xnm. C-e-tbn-t-bn-m ue-Zw eo-n-e-\w
tN-- Zo-ey-Y-W-. Y-W--tjnw X-t a--gy-m A-5n-]y-an-b _n-douI-ln-a-d-b-.-\nw ]-d-un-?w [-an-N-c-W-o
A-[--cn-!--Hm A--un-?- uB-f-t
-b-n-m. h-Xy-o A--cw e-o--I tt\-ao-go-I-an-tW-m In-dn-c-o u_nytw. [-an-N-c-W-o- A-e-h-cw \-w-t--p-m ]o-p-Sm
[-ao-o-un x-Jo-o-un H- In-cy-=-ao-.
B-cm _---;-tS hw-ubn-K-ao-n-e A--c-u\n cn--h-u\n B-bop---Xo A-Zm-X-=-ao-.F-n-eo-[-o--- u[-b--n-%en-w -#-X-e--\-eo-w g-Un-[n-cY-W--%m I-ko-w a-t-n hv-!-an-cy-YW--;w C-e--tS D-u]n-+---jn-m.
g-F-J-t F-Xo-cn-jo-I-jn-m g-Umtteco-I In-a, u?n-[, udn-, uan-i, a-Z,
-an-e-cy- - A--ubn h-ue-f|-cn
'gg-Umtte-co-I-%m eo-j-bn--o-\n---Xm
a-a No-nw-e-Pww'
-II-Yn--Xw _ h|-bw-#-Xn-\-YwH- \-K-c-o [-a-e-o, ]n-]-e-o
F- c-1 ao-^- e-ho-o--.
H-co- ]n-]-e-o eo-Nn-co-. "Rn-\o-^
eo-o-bn-W-un? Zn-co-y-a---eo--tIn1-X-t Pp-eo-%-. [-a-e-o-ub-w
-o a-u-tX-o-w \n-o tN-m A-e-t
+xn 486 41
41
h-in-b-un-tS ]-Ww h-n-Zo--uf-gw

A-e-t\ N-Xo-m -J-an-bo--ko-bnw."
-A-- Zo-e-hw ]n-]-e-o tN-m [-ae-o-ubn- ]-l-. "F-uSn N-n-Xp
e-b--In-d-Km te-c-tX-bo-co-%-un
-a-te-n-w a--;-tS a--%m ]-l-tIn--n-w e--H-tan-t C-un \nw
tN--e-u-u? uZ-f-h-n-cw tN-n-tX
A-Xo-t\--e-ko. a-c-\n--I-jo tN- ]-d
]-d n-g-I-;w ue-g--;w In-Wn--e-t
P-w ey-Yw X-t. a-\x-5-hn-Z-un--So uZ-f h-n-cw tN-n--e eo-Zy-uS-w [-\-o-t-w I-dn-tte-Z-ey-ot-w ^-dw ue--e-Bw A---eo-%o-." -C-H-uI--un [-a-e-o-%m A-Hm
f-co-bn-tW-m uXn-o. A-bn In-c-We-n-ucn- h--Xw en-o ]n-]-e-o-ubntSn-w uZ-f-h-n-c-an-cw-o-.-[-a-e-o--tS ubn-Ky-X \o-ao-w
A-e-%m e-j-tc-ub-tl ]-Ww h-n-Zon I-ko-. -ul \n-;-I-%-uf-gw
h-un-g--ew \n-o-ud-%m Xo-co-
!-l-t-. ep-o-td-n tte-Io-tb-n-bo
A-e-%m. A-Xo-d--X-ao-. eo-Zy, [-\w,
fo-+w F-o-e eo-uZ-f-K-e-m h-n-Zo-uf-gw [-i-o-ud-%m u]n-!--e-m H-
\n-ko-I -cw -c-\n-ko-I-bn-bo-un--tam ]-l-bn-c--un?G-I-uZ-fw ep-So-\--t-n-ln-bun ]n]eo [aeoubnSm ]-l. "-,-u ]-Ww -?-e ep-oud-%m tIn-1-u]n-uI-. !-w-_-o
t]--e-w _---;w 'F-\o-%m !-l--X-uan' F- uNn-Zo-m e-o--o-%w, \--p
In-o -ao !-ko-m ]-Ww \o-u-]o-nw
A-+w-an-^w tIn-1-u]n-bn a-Xo. ]o-t
B-e-fyw e--un e- ue--^ tIn1-u]n-=-I-w tN-nw ]-Ww a-tn-cn%w In-Wo- tIn----Xm ]-Ww I-n
a-i-go--tS a-\--u]n-w C-j-!w. te-
-o-td a-ey-=w, -ao-bo-td !-do-w
B-In-f-o-td ]-o-w anw-hw -o%w-u]n-td [-\-en-t\ F-n-e-w -So
42
486 42 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
Xo--I-j--ta-m uI-o-o-u?" A-H-uI-m

[-a-e-o-h--Xo- A-5-In-cw tN--ufgw A-e c-1-u]-w ep-o Xo-co-t-o
-J-an-bo--.A-- Zo-e-hw cn-ô ]n-]-e-o
In-o tN-m !-ko-o- ]-Ww -?-e--ta-Km !-ko-I-Km h|-[-i-o-ud-% a-S-o.
!-ul Zo-e-hw I-ko--un H--\n
A-e [-a-e-o--tS ep-o tN-m
]-l-. "N-n-Xp Rn e-do-b 5n-c-tn-c-\n-tW-m A-lo-bn-a-un? ]-Ww Xpm C-un I-w-t--I-bn-m. A-H-tIn1m \--%m A-eo-tS-t-m !-l-m ]-W-ta-K-tIn-1-e-cnw." [-a-e-o h--Xo-.
"A-Xo-t\-n A--t\-bn-en-a-un?"
c-1-u]-w -So In-o tN-m ]-Ww
!-ko-o- -d-Km !-ko- u\n-o-b-un
H-ko- H-Wo-t-n-m I--Hm. A-un
]n-]-e-o X-d--So-m \o-d-eo-jo- H-S-o.
"F-uSn [-a-e-u \p X-t-bn-m
]-W-ta--K !-ko I--Hm. a-n--a-,
A-Xo ]-!-Xo F-\o--e-In-f-t--Xn-Wun. A-tX-\o-%-Xn. C-o Rn tInn-c-o tN- ]-cn-Xo-t-w.-[-a-e-o !-]o-X-\n-bo. "F-Sn -wn C-t\-tbn-w ]-l-b--Hm Rn [-a-eo-bn-m H-co--w I-j-=m tN--I-bo-.
]-c-p-tb A--tb-un-td-w, A-\y-t
-X-do-t\ I-;-u]n-td-w F-n Pp-e-Pnd--uj-w A-e-\-e-t\-un-td--an-m
[-a-e-o-I I--H-I."
]o-p-Sm A-e c-1-u]-w--So X-o-tIn-1m \yn-bn-[o-]-t A--K-tN-m
]-cn-Xo-t-. A-un \yn-bn-[o-]-n
Xo-j- t\-o ttI--%-I H-S-o-b
]-cp--I \-S-K-en A-e-ucn-Snn]o-.A-H tN-n C-w-ao-n-Xo---Xo\n ]n-]-e-o ]-l-. " \yn-b
-]-cp- D-No-X-an-bo---X-. ey-e-in-co B-Zyw A-u\|-go-u--Xm uc-JI-jn-m. uc-J-I-jo-t-o hn-o-I-tj
A-u\|-go--Ww hn-o-I-jo-t-o
an-^-ua ttI--% ]-cp--w a-ew \-S-n>. F-n-m e-o-fn-do-I ]-l-

uI-o---Hm. F-t In-cy-o-dn-tW-o
?--uZ-e-X-I hn-o-I-jn-m. A-e
R--jo-dn-cn-m I- B-cn-m h-Xyh- F-m tX-jo-bo-%w."
A-H-uI--un F-n-e-%w h-ung-an-bo. C-n-cy-o R--%w
Iv-H-I--1m. \n-tj cn-eo-td \o--ujntSn-w R--;w In-o-ud-%-e-cnw."
A-Xo--uf-gw ]n-]-e-o ep-otN-m X-t A--u\n--]-l- "A-n
[-a-e-o--tS ]- \o-m Rn A-]i-co- ]-Ww u]n-In-Xo-co--W-ta-o
A--t h-in-bw ue-Ww. C-t-o
F-\o-%m a-c-Ww \o-L-b-an-m.?- ]-co--ao-. "Rn-t\--ue-Ww
D-Bp ue-Kw ]-l- F--tN-o-w ]-Ww
u]n-In-tX -o--Ww."
]n-]-e-o D-]-uZ-fo- "A-n B
In-o H- ]--- e-o-a-c--1m A-Xom e-do-tbn- t]n-K-1m A- \n-tj
A-Xo-cn-eo-td A-Xo--o I-S-o-co-Ww. Rn ?--uZ-e-X-I-tj eo-jo-m B-Wbo- ]-l--un A- A-Xo--o
C-- tIn-1m [-a-e-o-bn-m I-
F-m eo-jo--]-l-b-Ww.C--t\-tb-nw G-n--tN--uf-gw
]n-]-e-o cn-eo-td !-jo-m [-a-e-o-ubnw \yn-bn-[o-In-co-I-ujn--tan-o-m In-otd-o e-o-a-c-o-t A--Km tN-m
D--o ]-l-.
--cy, N-, en-, A-lo, B-In-fw,
-ao, P-dw, ,-Z-bw, b-a, ]-I, cn-ô,
c-1-h-y-I, [-aw F-o-e-m a--gyt N-co-^w A-lo-bnw. -K-e-Xp e-\-uZ-euX, R- c-1-u]---Xo B-cn-m
uan-wn-=m? -e-Xo ]-l--I.
A-un ]n-]-e-o--tS A--
a-c-tn-o--o-do---tIn-1m eo-jo-
]-l-. "F-n-e-w uI-%-eo [-a-eo-bn-m ]-Ww uan-wo--Hm." A-H-uI-m
\yn-bn-[o-In-co-I AXm-X-eo-e-f-cn-bo.
[-a-e-o--tS A-]-cn-[-o-m \o-b-a-5In-cw F- fo--bn-m tIn--u--tXm A-e B-udn-No- H-S-o. B h-a-bKm [-a-e-o !-ul D-W---o-I-;w a-ew
tIn-1-e-m a-c-tn-o- -e-ao-m I-o. Xp I-o--S--un a-c-tn-o
\o-m I-Cm H-lo-m A-Xo Z-b-\p-b-an-bo
\o-d-eo-jo--tIn-1m ]n-]-e-o--tS A-
!-l-K-e-. A-bn-;-tS e--o Xp
]o-So-o--. A-H-I-1m A-eo-tS-&-So-b
an-\y-n-tc-n-e-w A-n-jo-. "F-nWo-Hm B-cn-Wo-bn?- A-un Io-k-e
]n-]-e-o--tS -fmuN-w-I-tj-nw
]-l-.- -D-S cn-P-Io--c-n ]n-]-e-otb ]o-So-m a-c-tn--K tI-o-K-obo-. \yn-bn-[o-] [-a-e-o-tb 5-fwho--tIn-1 ]-l-.- "D]n-bw I-1-]o-So%-un A-Xo \o--n-In-=-
(HSw)
A-]n-bw -So B-udn-No--Ww."
Bdk
Bd
k Pon hiIcW _nm
tiVn^phm: Bdk
Bd
Ph: 221682, 2251683, 2251684 (PBX) Tel Fax: 2251784, 5hoUm

hoUm: 2251249, Mob: 94471 12433
P\l anu\P:
anu\P: 2251784, E-mail: alpdcbit@gmail.com Web: alappuzhadcb.org
B\oI
\oI hnuXoI eoZyIjnb
RTGS, NEFT, CTS, ATM 5n_dyo
n_dyo
h|W enI
en I \oaog u\c%o
u\c o rnao\m
nao\m 2100/- ]
] etc
PoboS\pjw
Pobo
S\pjw 55 fnJI
(uIn_nowKm hweo[n\o 5eo
eo%)
IngoI h|W]Wb enm

en m 4% ]dof (5Xoanhw
( Xoanhw 100 ]m
]m 33 tt]h)
am h|W]W enm
en m 9% ]dof (5Xoanhw
( Xoanhw 100 ]m
]m 75 tt]h)
djoXanb eyeI
eye I ey2oKXen
ey oKXenI,
I, e\ enI,
en I, h|bw hinb hwL%
hwL enI
en I
uPnjo uPn (P\l anu\P)
\ou]m BIgIanb ]dof \ocm
\jnuKn]nd#
\jnuKn]nd
\nb (5hoUm)
+xn 486 43
43
B[p\nIhnZym`ymkhpw,
aljn Zbm\s sshZnIhnZym]Xnbpw
(HS)
S)
2014 - Bg\nZw 5ho
hopIco
pIco%
Zbn\ hnioXy hnIdyot BJo

B Jo \ow...
\o w...
A-#-X|n ]-c-h-n-]-a-K-X|n -_
J-d\--Xn-am.-A---Xy h-Xnw an-cmKw b-Xm
h|-+-a-]o X-Zm _-*.-.-(fn-cmMmK-[-c-]--Xo 307)-a-tn-cn-tj x-Jo-o-n-tX, -cn-Nn-co-I-ujw -w-n-tc-w -Jo-o-n-tX h-n-KPp-eo-X-o--tS u\-- A-+-[-\w e-o-tIn-u-bo-co-%w. h--w-Pp-eo-X-=w
A-H--dw d-o-%w. C-5-In-c-- ]-eo-^-=w
]n-e-\-=-an-b No-n-[n-c-bn A-]-co-r-i-X|-=w, !w-p-[n-\y-X|-=w, ue-Z-eo-Zyn-Yo-Itj 5-e--cn-%-.-B-g-r---;-tS A-[y-b-\w tIn-1
d-o-%- 5--J 5--ubn-P-\w a-i-go
Z-bn-\- F--K ]-l--.-.1) -a-i-go-an--tS Kv-c-e-ua-lo-b
Bfb u]n-w A-\n-bn-h-w a-\-odn-I---e-Bw -K-a-=w A-+-In-dw-tIn1m r-io-n-=--H-an-!-. F-n E-e-o-I-;-tS #-Xo-I I-w-t- ]-To-n-w
A-Xy-+-an-b n-\-dn--ua D-n. A-ân-^w I-To-\-an-bo-co-%w A-Xo-td 5-Xo]n-Zyw. A-e--tS r-- A-y-ho-%-
-Hm a-d-Io-j--a-lo-m No-o-n-fm I-t--%-Xo- H-y-an-m F-n B-g-r-]-T-\-an-I-t H---o-m eo-d-t- \o-c-e-[o
--KI en-co-tn-1-e---Xo- H-dy=w. (hXyn. 5. 3 h)2) B--\o-I eo-Zyn-d-b--jo ]n-Ty-?-a-a-h-co-m eo-eo-[ eo-g-b- ]-To-u-o-
44
486 44 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
bo-co-%-. A-e-tbn-w eo-Zyn-Yo--tS

Pp-eo-X-o H-co--w H--5-In-c-o-w
5-ubn-P-\-5-Z-an-=-o-.
3) H-o-tb-tn-1m I-t--o-%--H
-u]n-td !-o-I-tj e-o--o-%- F--ntX K-i-\-an-b ]-T-\-uan e-o-]-c-an-b
In-cy--a-X-ubn A-e-%-n-!-o-.
F-n Y--!-d A-[y-b\-cp-Xo-bo-td
B-g-]--Xo-bo \o-c-Y-I-uan A-\n-e
-fy-uan B-b H- eo-g-b-=w ]-To-o-%-o--uXn u]n-I-t, eo-Zyn-Yo Xn-+-cyw-ew ]-To-%-, 5-uXy-Ieo-g-b-o
\o-n-X-w, B-Pp-e-\n-w A--dy-n-\\o-[o-bn-b B ]T\w ]-c-an-e-[o D-]-ubnK-5-Z-an-%-I-w tN-w.
4) BXyn\oI eo-Zyn-yn-h-cp-Xo-bo
eo-uZ-fp-btS e-o-bo--Zo- B-[n-c-ip\-=w ao-Yyn--W-=-an-b C-Xo-in-h-
]-To-o-%--uXn-tSn-w, A-?-ao-Ijnb
-c-Wn-[o-In-co-I-;-tS -L-co-^---So
eo-Zyn-Yo-I-tj A-y-ho-o-%-. X-Xm^-d
-an-bo eo-Zyn-Yo-I-;-tS a-u\n-_-dw
\-fo%Iw uZ-fp-b u_n-[w C-n-Xn-=I-w tN--. F-n Y--!-d--jo
n-c-X-o-t b-Yn-Y-N-co-^-un-tSn-w
E-go--\o-an-cn-b a-in-!--g-n--tS
B-Z-f--W-an-b Pp-e-N-co-^-=w [p-c-J-c
-]-cn-?-ao-I-jn-b cn-{-\n-b-I-n--tS-w,
h|n-X-y-o--ue-o Pp-e _-do
I-ko- [p-c-c-2-hn-o-I-;-tS-w N-co-^w
]-To-n-\-e-h-cw d-o-%-. A-Xo-\n
eo-Zyn-Yo-I-jo cn-{-u_n-[-=w
h|-uZ-fn-o-an-\-=w e-j--.
h-an-\p 5--]n h-i -uen -n-Kx
-hh-an-u\- -ubn-uIm u^
u h-i uen
--\-Pmao. (A-Y-e-ue-Zw 3. 30. 6)-5) Y--!-d--jo Pn-Xyn-Zo-u-Z-ao-. !-u_c-t-w !-uN-d-t-w a--%m A-eo-tS
h-an-\-\o-b-a-an---Hm. Xn-a-hw, ue-g-gn-Zo-I, un-P-\w, ]-T-\w_]n-T-\w, b-P\w _bn-P-\w B-Zo-bn-b h-e-hv-I-cy-;w h-an-\-an-m.-6) B-ucn-Ky-5-Z-=w hw=-an-b
hn-X|o-I B-in-cw Y--!-d-o-t 5-uXyI-X-bn-m. A-H-u]n-td Bg-hw-n-co-w, n-c-Xp-b h-y-X-w A---d-an-b
ue-g--gn-Zo-I-;w, ng, B-Nn-c-a-cyn-Z-I
F-o-e-w 5n-[n-\yw \-o-bo-co-%-.-7) Y--!-d eo-Zyn-Yo-I-m fn-cp-co-Iw,
an-\-ho-Iw, B-Zp-bw F-p ô-eo-[-ua-Jd-I-jo-w f-2o-w -P-w \o-d-\o-K-Xo, A-Xp-e-[- \-o-bo---Xo-\n
eo-Zyn-Yo-I h|--w ?o-bn-fp-d-w
I-uan-f-I-cn-b ua-[n-f-2o---e-w
B-bo--. G-H eo-]-cp-X ]-co-oXoub-w tt[-cy--ew u\-co-Sn-\-e 5n-cn-bo--. ]I|Xbn eow
ANdanb eof|nh=w Aetc Ia
[pccnoane.
8) Zn-co-y-=w ]-o-Wo-w I-S-_n-[y-X--tanw A-e-tc A-d-o-bo--o-. In-c-Ww
A-e a-\-o h--cn-bo--. v-Xo-Ih--o--Wo-I-an-tW- ]n-Tw Y--h-eo[-o \o--X-t A-e a-\-o-dn-%
HtIn1m, B-Z-_-d-o--tS-w h-+-f-2o-bo--tS-w a-in-In-cy- \o-n-can-bo tN-n A-e% Ikoo.-9) \o-b-a--e-an-b Zo-\-N-cy, Y--!-d-uh-e,
uKnhw-c--Ww, A-Xo-Yo h-XmIn-cw
-X-dn-b-e-bn eo-Zyn-Yo-I-jo eo-\-b=w Ao-an-\-u_n-[-=w Dn!. A-e%m H- B-r-i-ua D->. eo-Zyn-[y-b-\w Y-uh-e-bo--tS u\-- A--r-iw., AXnW
etS dyw.
10) -eo-Zyn-[y-b\-un-tSn-w A-[yn-]-I

-]-co-fp-d-\w, an-u\-Pmta-m, u\-J-X|-]-co-fpd-\w, 5-hw-Kw, ud-J-\-ta-?-Km B-Zo-bn-be-w A-y-ho-o-%-. A--t\ eo-Zyn-[yb-\-un-tSn-w B-Z-eo-In-h-=w,
uZ-f-u-iw, uan--5n-o-%- D-]n-b
-, h--Zn-ubn-n-c-Ww, an-\-e-uh-e
C-e-w Ae 5ncn!.-11) [n-ao-I-=w, tt\-Xo-I=anb, N-co-^
]-T-\ - Y--!-d-o A--u]--Wpb-an-m. h-i-fo--Ww A--e-Z-\p-b-a-.
B-!-o-I-%m !g A-[yn-]-I-c-S- Y--!-d--;w, -N-co-X-cn-b
A-[yn-]o-I-an \-S-K- I-\yn-Y--!-d-;w 5-uXy-Ian-m. ubn-Kn-h-\-,
5n-Wn-bn-aw, [yn-\w, h-y, A-lo-uin^w B-Zo-bn-b ttZ-\o-I \o-Xy-I-a-
5--J Aw-K-an-m. Y--fo-gy-_-w an-J]o-J-_-w u]n-td V=w A-Kn-[-=w
]-co-I--=w u-i-\o--c-=-an-boco%w.
12) Y--!-dn-[y-n]-\w eyn-e-hn-bo-I-an-b
[-\-h-n-Z-\-an-K-a-. C-i-udn-I, ]-c-udnI--J-5n-o-%- hn-[-\n-an-Kw an-^-anm. B-Nn-c-en-\n-b B-Nn-cy fo-gy-tc
B-Z-f-\o-~-an-b B-Nn-c-W- ]-To-o%-. eo-Zyn-Yo-I-jo eo-Zy-tb-%-lo--
u_n-[w h-c-j-=w h-i-P-=w -u_n-[o-X-=an-b ]--Xo-I-jo--tS B-eo-l-co-m \-S-o
e--. -b-ao-n--an-\-ho-In-e--bo
A-e D--X u[-Wo-bo F-o-u--Hm A-\n-bn-h-an-bo-n-m. -Sn-tX,
F-n eo-g-b--;w ]-To-o-m ]-cp--w
\-S-K-.-13) A-[y-b-\w hw--Xw, io-o H-S-o-b
an-J-n-g-I-jo-dn-m. Cw-up-iw Iw-]{-
B-Zo-bn-b-=w A-y-ho-o-%-Xo
hvIcy=w Cun?1m.-14) h-Xyn-h-Xy-, [-a-=w A-[-a-=w
D-No-X-=w A--No-X-=w, eo-f|n-hw A-eof|n-hw, tte-Zo-Iw A-tte-Zo-Iw, -f|cp-bw \o-cp-f|-cw, B-Zn-em A-\n-Zn-em,
n-\w A-n-\w H-S-o-b A-u\-Ieo-g-b--;-tS B-k-o-- ]-T-\-]-co+xn 486 45
45
tmI]cnNbw
\nb uc
uc\nYm
\nYm
#--Xo-: -2IwIw-, -c-N-\-: -cna!cKencob
na
encob
-?-w:w - D]PnXoAuXenw
AuX
nw~ou]
u]en
Id en]PnXobn
Iden
]PnXobn!w.
w.
aip]uX, nKeuXn]an\w
ain!cnWw
ain
cnWw e\w aZpbw
u\n%etnteoc
u\n
etnteoc2onw
nw
AYjottnuZ
AYjottn
uZm
m.
]-Zn-Yw:w:- n-K-e-uXn-]-an-\w = [p-a-inn-K-X-o--H-dyw, a-in-!-cn-Ww = e-j-tc!-cn-X-\-an-b-Hm (]-k----Hm); a-i-n-b
!-cn-Ww, -e-\w = ep-Sm, eo-c-2o = te-c-m;
un-K-en-h-\-bo \o-- -2o (nu\n-Z-b-n dv-Io-I--J-un--uXn--te-c-m), A-Y- = [-\-; en-%I-;-tS t]n-
-B-f-bw:w:- A--ubn a-in-cn-P, F-t
-e-\w n-K-e-X-!-cn-Ww-u]n-td 5n-Np-\-anm. n-K-e-Xw-en-bo-%--e-%m eo-c-2o-n-!--H-u]n-td F-t -e-\w
In---e-%w eo-c-2o (te-c-m)--n!w. n-K-e-X-=w F-t -e-\-=w X-o
H- ey-Xyn-h-ua-->. A-Hm, F-t -e-\o A-Y-ao- ([-\-ao-)-tb--Xn-m.-e-u?n-2o-bo-&-So-- B-f-b
-5-I-S-\w I-eo-X- N-a-n-c-w-Ko- \--Xo-t 5-Xy-un-Zn-i-c-W-an-m
-2-Iw. X-t -e-\w a-in-!-cn-W-an-b
n-K-e-Xw-u]n-td !-cn-X-\-an-tW--]-l--
-Xo--tS [-i-o-t Pp-Wn-e--te-joen-%-. n-K-e-Xw en-bo-n-w X-t -e\w I-n-w eo-c-2o--n-!-ta--Z|-bnY-o -No-o-o-co-%-. A-H-u]n-td
n-K-e-Xw A-Y-h--w-an-tW-w X-t
-e-\w A-Y-c-io-X-an-tW-w h-a-Yo-oco-%-. !-cn-Ww, eo-c-2o, A-Yw F-p
]-Z- Z|-bn-Y-o 5-ubn-Ko-o-co-%-H-tIn-1m I-eo-X-bo 5-Xy-nY-=w Z-Vn-Y-=w A--en-N-I-co c-hn--Xo-]-I--. u^-gn-d-n-c-o-t\n--Zni-c-Ww--So-bn-b -2-Iw, !-uN-d-?w e-o-n- c-No- cn-a-!-c-K-en-cy,
Xo--eo-Xnw- a-in-cn-Pn-an-n-7-ea-m A-u-i-o-t tte-w J-t-wuIn-eo Z-f-\-ue-j-bo X-t Zn-co-n-e-ey-2-an-o-tn-1-h-a-o--Xn-m.
]-7o-X-w I-eo--an-bo-- en-cy-tc
a-S--bn-^-bo a-in-cn-Pn-em X-un-tSnw -o. uXn-Wo bn-^-bn-cw-o- a-in-cnPn-eo-m bn^nuBf\oencWo\nbo
Xn c-No- !-uN-d-?-w e-o-n-m
B[p\nIhnZym`ymkhpw,.... (HS)
-]n-Tw, an-Xn-]o-Xn-, Y---n,

A-Xo-Yo, eo-Z|n, _--ao-^n-Zo-I
H-S-o-b-e-ucn-- B-Nn-c-a-cyn-Z-I,
a--c-n-g-Ww, B-Z-c-em, h-XmIn-cw, B-Nnc--;w A-\n-Nn-c--;w, [--w -2o-w
F-p eo-eo-[ an-\-eo-I--dy--;w [-a-;w B-N-c-W-o--tS-w ]-T-\-o--tS-w
Y-- fo-gy-tc ]-To-o-%-.
(HSw)
n-\w -uJ-\ eo-Zyn-Yo-I-jo eo-ue-I u_n-[-un-tSn-w B-Z-eo-f|n-h-=w

e-o-%-.-15) 5n-Y-ao-I eo-Zyn-yn-h-o I--=w
-w-=-an-b D-n-c-W-, \- I---cw,
hw--X-n-gn-5n-cw--]-T-\w, h-h|-c-ue-Z
46
486 46 +xn
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
H-k-o-n-tc-tn-1m ]n-So-. !-ul-\n

Xo--e-\--!-c-K cn-P-[n-\o-bo Xn-aho- X-oco- h|-uZ-f-K e- en-cy-%m,
Z|n-c-In-h--f-\-o--uf-gw 5-Xyn-Kao- !-uN-d--n-b -d-P-d--aan-m
A---e-t--Hm. X-t Pp-W-[-i-o-t
n-\-Km h-tte-f|-cy-h---an-b
!-Xo-b -e-\-an-m I-eo- IHm. I-eo--tS
,-Z-bw I-eo-X-bo-&-So I--lo- cn-Pneo-t hw-n-e-\-bn-bo---Hm.-!-uN-d-?--t A--I-co-m A-\-e[o e-o-n--I ]-d-w c-No-. F-n
A-e-tbn-w !-uN-d-?-w u]n-td
,-Z-b-in-co-bn-bo-. e-o-n--I X-t
]-d-Xn-j-o--1m. Xn-j-o-t A-So-n\-o X-1-]n--I, te--]n--I,

a-e-c-n--I F-o--t\ X-cw-Xo-co-o-1m. C-e-t-nw 5-uXy-I-en-n-co-I-;--1m.
\-uXn--X-?--o-- ]n--I-n-
--X 5-ho-o. cn-a-!-c-K-en-cy--tS
Pp-eo-X-In-d-L-w ?o. e. 1703 w 1753 w
C-S-n-tW- I-W-n-%-. P-b-uZ-e-t
Kp-Xn-uKn-eo-w n-gn-w-]-Zo-tb-
u]-co eo-e--\w tN--Xn-bo I--X
-t--. -Sn-tX tt\-g-[w Xo--en-Xo-cn-m, -cn-e-W-e-[w H- F-o-e-w
C-u-iw c-No-.
Zbn\ hnioXyhnIdyot 5hopIcWo\nbo ?e hab 5e

\o Gtoco%Xo\n ocw ]Mm2oIjo NodXm do
uNn Ikooo. Ae Ado HSw. (]^n[o].)
eo-uZ-fn-[o-]-Xy-In-c-Ww-
-B-cyn-e--o eo-uZ-fp-b--tS en-G--n-en-- In-c-Ww Cv \n--In--tS A-u\yn\y--, A-o-5n-b-o--X, ~-1-N-cy-ao-n-, ]-T-\-]n-T--jo-n-, \o-_-o-X ttf-fe-eo-en-iw, eo-g-bn-h-2o, I---cw, ue-Z-eo-Zy--tS udn-]w C-Xyn-Zo -l-a--jn-Wm.
h-uin-Z-c- X-o I-d-io-%-un -n-a-\n-b eo-uZ-fo a-[y--\n-bo N-a--.
A-n-bo-cw tIn---% - \-S- a-in-n-c-X-I-Y-w \o- eo--co--uen? u\n-&!
n-c-X---o h-I-d-w u]n--j-o h-en-co-I-jo-do---u^ -o-o---Xm. A-u\yn\y---tIn-n-Wm ]n-7-e-n--uS-w Iv-c-e-n--uS-w bn-Z-e-n--uS-w D--d-\nfw hw--eo--Xm. A-m A-H hw--eo--H u]n-I-t B ucn-Kw C-H-e-tc-w u-Z-an-bo-o-.
Cv -b--c cn--h F-un eo--u]n-!-ta--lo-eo-. H- ]-u u[-~-cn-b F-n-etc-w -J--jo \o--I-o x-J-hn-K-c-o -o-tn-u-nw! !-dw -So-, cn-Pyw
\-fo-o- \p-N-\n-b -ucyn-[-\-t -w-an-K-o--tS C-w h--co-%--Xn-Wm \--tS
x-J-e--\-eo- In-c-Ww. Cv cn-P-ucn-Kw \--o-S-bo \o-m A-e-u]n-!-en Cv-f|-c
h-in-bo--t.- (aigo Zbn\hch|Xo)
Yeot
eot BefyIX
BNncyntt
BNncyntte
e eoZyneoZoXnhn[o
eoZyneoZoXnhn[o~ww 5n]bXpXo
n]bXpXo [Onun uKyn]\ogXm 4.9.3
4.9.3] =
eo\o rio
io eoZyanûa
eoZyan ua hn^dy otdo=.
otdo
. AXo\n, XZ|on\nYw
XZ|o
n\nYw
Yeo\o
h Yuaen
uaenfoKu
oKuXm
Xm haoXm]nWox uu[nôbw
obw ~1\o
\o~am
am = (Ponenb) Ae
[nFw AXloenueo ueZw ~1o \o~eanb Yeot\
uSo tN;. Yeot Ariw SntX D]\ogt YiyeoZyrion\neo.
]canZuZeu\nw AFBw Yeou\nw ]ca2o [neo anûa D]\og
o ]l eogbw tXjo 5Info>. uIedw fp5]uan BIg
Ianb ]Zfubn, D]\ogo anbo \ou]ooco% Bfbw ,ZbwKaan%
en haYa. Aeobnb Y=w A[oIncobnb fogyw Xo hwenZanm
D]\ogtun AXnm XnXm]cyw. 5nubW Jyanb Fn D]\ogKI;w
YfogyhwenZantWm ocoWw.
+xn 486 47
47
48
Printed
486 and48published
+xnby N. Vedaprakash, Dayananda Bhavan, Narendrabhooshan road, Chengannur 689 121, owned by
N.
Vedaprakash,
Dayananda
Bhavan, Chengannur
- ?L
?LoIw
oIw Bg\nZw
689 121 and Printed at Amrita Bharathi Press, Chengannur 689121, Kerala and
published at Dayananda Bhavan, Narendrabhooshan road, Chengannur 689 121 Kerala. Editor : Kamala Narendrabhooshan.

Arshanadam 486

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Arshanadam 486

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