Maurya & Gupta Empire

Two Major Empires of Early India

Maurya Empire
First Empire of India

Chandragupta Maurya
Founder of Maurya Empire

Born by Royal Family of Magadah and was left?

Born in Kshatriya family?

Training
Trained by Brahmin called Kautilya

Legend:
Kautilya was trying to find a person to take away

Greece
Kautilya & Chandraguptas plan:
Control NW of Greece Attack Magadah

Taking Control
Kautilya taught Chandragupta very well

Story says:
Chandragupta saw a mom scolding a child for

eating hot part, the center first

Chandragupta learned not to attack from the center, start

from border Attacked that way! Conquered Magadha 305 B.C., conquered most of Indian Subcontinent

Maurya Empire covers from Montana to Pennsylvania to Texas!

Ruling Maurya Empire

Chandragupta divided his empire to four parts

Bureaucracy
Does Government Things

Tax
25% of the farmers crops For Large army Emperors luxury

Maurya Empire depend on one tyrant

Spies
Servants taste food

Slept in different room

Had spies, and spies on them!
Watch the subjects Subjects had no rights

Slaves Prisoners of war/people who cant pay

debts

Kautilya and Rule of Chandragupta

Chandraguptas rule from Kautilya
Kautilya wrote Arthashastra Tells to protect subjects Also says to do things to keep power People cant be trusted

Chandragupta became Jain, legend says he gave up his throne

Second Emperor, Bindusara expanded territory

Ashoka getting power

Bindusara sent Ashoka away

Ashoka kills his brothers

Eight years gaining power
Starts war with Kalinga Kingdom Had 150,000 people caught Starts peace

Ashoks rule Continued!

Follows Buddhism

Harsh teaching of Kaulita didnt listen to them

Rule based on moral law
Three Principles

Three Principles of Ashokas rule

Ashokas pillar
Made pillars to tell his ideas
Message carved Apologized about war

Helped people live moral life

Concluding Ashokas Rule

Ashoka ruled for 40 years

Made good roads

Longest road the Royal Road

There was small crime Died in 232 B.C. from then, emperor lost control

of lands, died out eventually (185 B.C.)

Gupta Empire
Flow of Math and Science

After Maurya Empire faded away, India was divided

Conquered most north India, called Chandra of Gupta I himself Exterminator of the Kings

Reached its great size, conquered west, made peace Founder of the Gupta Empire
Ruled for about A.D.320 Samudra Gupta II A.D.335

Chandra Gupta II

Citizenship of Gupta Empire

Council made decision
Group of merchants (Guild) sent representative

Cultura

Gupta Empire was the period Culture flow of culture

kulturo Cultr

kultur

Literature
Highest point was the time of Kalidasa (Poet)

Fable was popular

Music, Dance, Entertainment

Played string instruments and drums

Drama combined stories, dances, musics

Invented chess!
Had king, war chariots, horse soldiers,elephants,

foot soldiers Went to Asia, Middle east, Europe!

Architecture & Painting

Hindu & Buddhist temples
Carved temples from huge rock Free-standing temples & Monasteries

Mathematics
Decimal System

Zero as numeral
Indian numerals easier to solves problems Aryabhata
Wrote a book about arithmetic, algebra,

trigonometry Europe relied on Aryabhatas work

Aryabhata and Science

Astronomy
Said Earth rotates on its axis Found out eclipse happens caused by motion of

Earth & moon Found out Moon shines are caused by reflects of sunlight

Anotomy
Developed medicine such as Ayurveda
Tells people how to make medicines from plants,

animals, and minerals Tells people how t otreat bone injury, blindness, etc.

Metallurgy
Good with using metal

Made metal of good quality

Iron Pillar of Delhi famous
Stood for over 1,500 years without falling

Gupta Empire fell in around A.D. 540