LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

I. HISTORY Basketball was invented in December 1891 by the Canadian clergyman, educator, and physician James Naismith. Naismith introduced the game when we was an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association Training School (now Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts. At the request of his superior, Dr. Luther H. Gulick, he organized a vigorous recreation suitable for indoor winter play. The game involved elements of American football, soccer, and hockey, and the first ball used was a soccer ball. Teams had nine players, and the goals were wooden peach baskets affixed to the walls. By 18971898, teams of five became standard. The game rapidly spread nationwide and to Canada and other parts of the world, played by both women and men; it also became a popular informal outdoor game. U.S. servicemen in World War II (1939-1945) popularized the sport in many other countries. A number of U.S. colleges adopted the game between about 1893 and 1895. In 1934 the first college games were staged in New York City's Madison Square Garden, and college basketball began to attract heightened interest. By the 1950s basketball had become a major college sport, thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball. The first pro league, the National Basketball League, was formed in 1898 to protect players from exploitation and to promote a less rough game. This league only lasted five years before disbanding; its demise spawned a number of loosely organized leagues throughout the northeastern United States. One of the first and greatest pro teams was the Original Celtics, organized about 1915 in New York City. They played as many as 150 games a season and dominated basketball until 1936. The Harlem Globetrotters, founded in 1927, a notable exhibition team, specializes in amusing court antics and expert ball handling. In 1949 two subsequent professional leagues, the National Basketball League (formed in 1937) and the Basketball Association of America (1946) merged to create the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Boston Celtics, led by their center Bill Russell, dominated the NBA from the late 1950s through the 1960s. By the 1960s, pro teams from coast to coast played before crowds of many millions annually. Wilt Chamberlain, a center for the Los Angeles Lakers, was another leading player during the era, and his battles with Russell were eagerly anticipated. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, also a center, came to prominence during the 1970s. Jabbar perfected his famed "sky hook" shot while playing for the Los Angeles Lakers and dominated the opposition. The NBA suffered a drop in popularity during the late 1970s, but was resuscitated, principally through the growing popularity of its most prominent players. Larry Bird of the Boston Celtics, and Magic Johnson of the Los Angeles Lakers are credited with injecting excitement into the league in the 1980s through their superior skills and decade-long rivalry. During the late 1980s Michael Jordan of the Chicago Bulls rose to stardom and helped the Bulls dominate the NBA during the early 1990s. A new generation of basketball stars, including Shaquille O'Neal of the Orlando Magic and Larry Johnson of the Charlotte Hornets, have sustained the NBA's growth in popularity. In 1959 a Basketball Hall of Fame was founded in Springfield, Massachusetts. Its rosters include the names of great players, coaches, referees, and people who have contributed significantly to the development of the game.

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

II. Basketball Rules

SCORING: 2 point field goal- a shot made from anywhere during play inside the 3 pt arc. 3 point field goal- a shot made from anywhere outside the 3 pt arc. Free throw- 1 point is awarded to an unguarded shot taken from behind the free throw line while the clock is stopped. SKILLS: Boxing out- a players position between an opposing player and the basket to obtain a better rebounding position. Dribbling- bouncing the ball with 1 hand using your fingertips instead of your palm so that it rebounds back to yourself (the only legal way to move with the ball) Passing- moving the ball by throwing, bouncing, handing, or rolling it to another player (Chest, Bounce, Lob) Shooting- throwing the ball to make a basket Pivoting- stepping once or more in any direction with the same foot while holding the other foot at its initial point. Rebounding- The recovering of a shot that bounces off the backboard or the rim. FOULS: results in one or more free throws awarded to the opposing team Blocking- impeding the progress of an opponent by extending one or both arms horizontally or getting in the path of a moving player. Charging- running into a stationary player while you are moving with the ball. Hacking- the player hits the arm or hand of the person holding the ball. Holding- the player holds the person with or without the ball. VIOLATIONS: results in a change of possession with the team in bounding the ball at the side line opposite where the infringement took place Traveling- moving illegally with the ball Three seconds- an offensive player remains in the key (free throw lane- the area under the basket) for more than 3 seconds Double dribble- a player dribbles the ball with both hands at the same time or they stop and then start dribbling again TERMS: Air ball- a shot that completely misses the rim and the backboard Assist- a pass to a teammate who then scores a field goal. Defense- team trying to stop the other team from scoring Dunk- to throw the ball down into the basket with the hand above the level of the rim Fast break- dribbling or passing the ball towards your basket before the defense can set up Man-to-man- a defensive strategy where everyone guards an assigned player

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Offense- team trying to score Turn over- any loss of the ball without a shot being taken Zone defense- a defensive strategy where everyone guards an area instead of a player (2-1-2, 2-3)

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Most Commonly Used Basketball Equipment

The Basketball The basketball is an inflated sphere usually made out of leather. Leather basketballs are those which are recommended for indoor professional competitions. The rubber covered basketballs are the ones which are used for daily practices and play. A basketball usually weighs 600 to 650 grams and is 75 to 78 cm in circumference. The size and weight of the basketball depends on who plays the game. If women are playing, the official size of the basketball is 28.5 in circumference (which is size 6) and weighs 20 oz, as opposed to 29.5 circumference and 22 oz weight ball used for mens games. Prior to the commencement of a match, the referee will test the ball for suitability. The Basket The Basket is the Goal in the game, and is made up of a horizontal, circular metal rim with a net attached to it. This rim is mounted 10 feet (3.05 m) above the court and 4 feet (1.2 m) inside the baseline. The Backboard The Backboard is the firm rectangular board behind the rim. You would be able to see backboards made of glass, steel, aluminum and acrylic (clear and tinted). The heavier and thicker the backboards are, the better the rebound effect will be. The size of a backboard would usually be 1800mm horizontally and 1050mm vertically. The Uniform This is one important part in the game. Every team will have their own uniform, which includes a shirt (jersey) and a pair of shorts, which will be numbered on both the front and back sides (and sometimes with names printed on it) for quick and easy identification.

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Shoes The shoes worn by basketball players are high-topped shoes made to facilitate higher ankle support than normal running shoes for extra comfort during play. The Shot Clock This is the clock that counts down the maximum 24 seconds the offence is allowed to have the ball in hand before shooting. If they fail to attempt a shoot that hits the rim within this time limit, they will lose possession of the ball. The Floor / Court The Floor / Court is a playing surface made of wooden floorboard. In international games, the regulation basketball court is 28m x 17m (approximately 92 ft x 49 ft), whereas it is 29m x 15m (approximately 94 ft x 50 ft) in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Other Equipment Other important equipment includes Scoreboards, Score-sheets, Whistle-operated stop-clock systems, Alternate Possession Arrows / Indicators and Lighting. All of the above mentioned equipment comes into great use during play and hence the proper function of them is vital for the successful flow of the game. Any malfunction could affect the play adversely

http://www.bizymoms.com/recreation/equipment-used-for-basketball.html

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

The Hand Signals

Fouls
Fouls are the act of making illegal physical contact with a player while the ball is in play. Fouls can occur from a defender bumping into a player dribbling the ball, reaching in and/or slapping the offensive player dribbling the ball, moving their body (bumping) into an offensive player, bumping or hitting a player taking a shot, elbowing a player. Players cannot elbow, grab / hold, punch, push, scratch at, or trip a player on the other team these are all fouls. Offensive fouls can occur when the player dribbling the ball runs into a defender who has established position. Technical fouls can be called on players or coaches who are using unsportsmanlike conduct, too many players on the court, etc. Prior to each Foul call the referee must first perform this signal

Fouls are caused by physical contact (holding, pushing), or actions (acting out like you are going to hit another player but you dont) or even extreme abusive yelling or cussing (technical foul).

Holding Foul A Holding Foul occurs when a defender holds, grabs, or pulls an offensive player (it doesnt matter if the offensive player has possession of the ball or not).

Pushing Foul A Pushing Foul occurs when a defender pushes an offensive player or bumps into the body of an offensive player.

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Illegal Use of Hands Foul This is a foul called when a defender slaps, hacks, or smacks an offensive player with the ball.

Blocking Foul A Blocking Foul occurs when a defender uses their body and makes contact with an offensive player with the ball (could be in the form of running into the player, or setting an illegal screen).

Charging Foul (Charge) / Player Control Foul A Charging Foul occurs when an offensive player runs into a defensive player who already has position. Other types of player control fouls are when a dribbler uses an elbow and hits a defender, or excessive physical contact by an offensive post player trying to gain position.

Intentional Foul A type of foul that is designed to stop the clock. Used mainly at the end of the game with the coach instructing players to foul in order to stop the clock for a chance to gain possession of the ball.

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Technical Foul Fouls of unsportsmanlike conduct and / or non-game violations that referees feel are affecting the game. Misconduct of coaches, players, and spectators can also draw a technical foul if a referee feels it is necessary to keep the game under control. The penalty for a technical foul is usually one free throw and possession of the ball after the free throw is taken. If a player or coach receives two technical fouls in a game it is an automatic disqualification for remainder of the game.

1.

For Violations:

Stop the Clock! Prior to each Violation the Ref will first perform this signal

Violations are actions by players that break a basketball rule such as traveling, stepping on the line, and back court.

Traveling (also called Walking or Walk) If a ball handler takes too many steps while dribbling the referee can call a violation. Also if a player has stopped dribbling and moves their pivot foot this is also considered a traveling (or walking) violation.

Double Dribble (Illegal Dribble) A dribbling violation occurs when a player stops dribbling and then attempts to dribble again or if a player attempts to dribble the ball with 2 hands.

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Carry (also called Palming) A carry occurs when a player dribbles the ball with their hand too far under the ball (the dribble will look more like a carry than a dribble)

Backcourt (Backcourt violation) Once the Offensive team has passed the half court line, they cannot dribble and/ or pass back over the half court line. If this occurs, a Backcourt violation will be called by the referee and possession of the ball will go to the other team.

Inbound Pass Violation (5-Second Violation) There are time restrictions that a player has when the referee hands them the ball to pass the ball into play. The player passing in the ball has five seconds to pass the ball in to another player. If the player fails to pass the ball in within 5 seconds, the referee will blow the whistle (5-second violation), and the ball is awarded to the other team.

10 Second Violation When your opponent makes a basket, your team has 10 seconds to get the ball in play and past the half court line if your team fails to do this within 10 seconds, the ball is awarded to the other team.

Three Second Violation An offensive player cannot remain in the paint area for more than 3-seconds, if the Referee happens to spot an offensive player in the paint area for more than 3 seconds, the whistle will blow, and the other team will get possession of the ball.

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Closely Guarded Violation An offensive player cannot have possession of the ball for more than five seconds while being closely guarded by a defender. For example if an offensive player is dribbling the ball and is guarded closely by a defender for 5 seconds, the referee will blow the whistle, and the ball will be awarded to the other team.

Jump Ball (also called Tie Up or Held Ball) When an offensive player and a defensive player gain possession of the ball at the same time the referee will blow the whistle. The referee will then look at the possession arrow (at the scorers table) and award possession to the team that the direction is pointing.

Out of Bounds Designation When the ball goes out of bounds, or a player with possession of the ball steps out of bounds the referee will designate the spot where the ball went out of bounds.

LOMONGO AGUILAR ALCOY ACLAN PILLARES - DIMAGBAYAO

2CLM BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT HKD04 SAN BEDA COLLEGE

Administrative and Informative Signals

Scoring signals

http://avcssbasketball.com/content/?p=2064