PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

LINGAYEN CAMPUS
LINGAYEN PANGASINAN

Melanie Vinoya Lompero May 03, 2021

II- BSED Filipino 19-LN-0367

HISTORY OF BASKETBALL
Basketball was invented in 1891 by Dr James Naismith, a
Canadian of Scottish descent at Springfield College
Massachusetts. The college was the International YMCA
Training School and the game was invented to provide an
indoor activity for trainee YMCA leaders. When the game
was first played, peach baskets were nailed up at each
end of the gymnasium as “goals”, hence the origin of the
name “basketball”.

 The first set of rules was published and distributed through the YMCA movement in 1892
and this resulted in the game spreading rapidly throughout Canada and the USA.
 1892 also saw the game played in England for the first time at Birkenhead YMCA after the
Club President was the game played whilst on a business trip to Canada.
 In 1893 the game was introduced into the Physical Training College in Hampstead (now
Dartford College of PE) by Madame Berman Osterberg. Changes to the game to suit the girls
led to the first rules of netball being published in 1901.

 By 1898 a professional league was established in the USA and by 1911 basketball had
spread throughout the UK as a sport.
 In 1924 it was introduced as a demonstration sport at the Paris Olympic Games and Great
Britain won the title.
 1927 saw Abe Saperstein a Londoner from the world famous Harlem Globetrotters and in
1931 FIBA the International Basketball Federation was formed with a Welshman as its first
secretary.

 The England Basketball Association was formed in 1936, 13 years before the NBA was
formed in America, and by 1957 the English Schools Basketball Association was formed.
 The 1970’s saw the introduction of both men’s and women’s national leagues in the UK, and
by 1999, 219 teams were entered in the over 16 national leagues with almost 100
competing at under 15 levels.
 By 1990 there were 117 member countries in FIBA making basketball the second largest of
all the world’s governing bodies and also the world’s fastest growing and largest
participation sport.
To date there are 212 member countries worldwide, whilst in the UK alone there are over 500,000
people who regularly participate in recreational basketball and it has become increasingly common
to find the sport as part of the curriculum in schools at all levels. It is also used widely as a
community activity as anyone of any age or gender can participate. Basketball is now included in
the Commonwealth Games and the sport in general received a lot of coverage when the GB
wheelchair team performed very successfully in the Paralympics recently, proving that it is a sport
that is accessible and playable by all.

EQUIPMENTS IN BASKETBALL
The Ball
 The most important thing for training is the ball. There are certain
guidelines which one needs to follow when buying a basketball. For
practicing, one can play with a rubber ball. For professional
competitions, one needs to use an inflated ball made of leather.
 Official size of a basketball is 29.5 to 30 inches in circumference for
men’s game and 28.5 inches in circumference for women’s game. It
should weigh 18 to 22 ounces. When bounced off 6 feet from the
floor, a well inflated ball should bounce 49 to 54 inches in height.

Shoes
 One needs specialized shoes when playing basketball. It should be
able to give better support to the ankle as compared to running
shoes. The basketball shoes should be high-tipped shoes and
provide extra comfort during a game. These shoes are specially
designed to maintain high traction on the basketball court.

THE HOOP OR BASKET

 The hoop or basket is a horizontal metallic rim, circular in

shape. This rim is attached to a net and helps one score a
point. The rim is mounted about 4 feet inside the baseline and
10 feet above the court.
BASKETBALL COURT
 The basketball court is the next important thing for
shooting balls in this game. The court is usually made of
wooden floorboard. The court size is about 28m x 17m
according to the International standards. The National
Basketball Association (NBA) regulation states the floor
dimension as 29m x 15m. The standard court is
rectangular in shape and has baskets placed on opposite
ends.

BACKBOARD
 The backboard is the rectangular board that is placed
behind the rim. It helps give better rebound to the ball.
The backboard is about 1800mm in size horizontally and
1050mm vertically. Many times, backboards are made of
acrylic, aluminum, steel or glass.
BASIC SKILLS IN BASKETBALL
THE TWO PRIMARY CATEGORIES OF BASKETBALL SKILLS
 Rules and Regulations In Basketball:
Complete Guide

Double Dribbling
Double dribble is illegal dribble in a basketball game. This dribbling violation occurs when a
player dribbles the ball with both hands concurrently or pursues to dribble after making the
ball rest position in one or both hands. In such a case, the referee calls a dribbling violation.

As a result, the opposition team will get the possession of the ball at the sideline which is
closest to the dribbling breach, but no nearer to the baseline than the foul line broadening.
However, there is an exception to the rule. The exception is known as power dribble. The
dribble can be used once and can be utilized after getting a pass in the lane.

Backcourt Violation
This type of violation occurs when the offense becomes unsuccessful to fetch the ball from
the backcourt to the frontcourt within eight seconds after getting possession. In such a case,
the opposition team inbounds the ball from the sidelines as the offensive team loses the
possession of the ball.

This happens when the defensive team applies full-court pressure and one of their goals
harasses the ball handlers to prevent them from crossing the half court in less than eight
seconds. However, before 2001-02, the time limit was 10 seconds in the NBA. The NBA
reduced the time limit to bring more up-tempo style in the basketball game.

Goaltending
Goaltending occurs in two ways i.e. offensive goaltending and defensive goaltending. The
details of these two types of goaltending are as follows.

Offensive Goaltending
This type of goaltending is less common than defensive goaltending. This happens when a
player legally shoots the ball and his teammate does the following.

Lay a hand on the rim and the ball is on the rim

Make contact with the net when the ball is on the ring
Lay a hand on the rim when the ball is in the downward path and the imaginary cylinder
above the ring
As a result of offensive goaltending, the other team will gain possession of the ball.
Furthermore, the offensive team will not get any score.

Defensive Goaltending
This type of goaltending is much more common than the other one. This goaltending occurs
in the same ways of offensive goaltending. The only difference is a defender commits this
type of goaltending to obstruct a shot of an offensive player to prevent the ball from clearing
the basket. The offended team is awarded two points in such a case if the goaltending has
happened from a two-point zone. In case the goaltending has happened in the three-point
zone, the offensive team will get three points.

General Rules and Regulations in Basketball for Beginners

1. You will have to limit your playing activities withing the periphery of the basketball court
2. You may throw the basketball in any direction. While doing this, you can use one of both
your hands.
3. The team to score the most points win.
4. You must dribble the ball along with you as you run
5. To catch a ball, you must use your hands and no other parts of the body can be used in the
process
6. You must not push, elbow, shoulder or strike your opponent during any time in the game
7. A team scores a point if a player gets the basketball through the hoop. In case the ball stays
up there, a point is still awarded to the team.
8. A referee is appointed to judge the basketball game. He keeps notes of the points, time, and
fouls throughout the match.

Rules for Defensive & Offensive Players

In each of the teams, there are two defensive players, and three offensive players. The Rules
and Regulations in Basketball on how the defensive and offensive players should conduct
themselves in the court are different. Let’s take a look.

Rules for Defensive Players

3 Second Rule
The defensive 3-second rule applies only in leagues like NCAA and NBA. The FIBA and High
School league do not abide by this rule. According to this, a defensive basketball player shall
not remain in the restricted area for more than 3 seconds.

No Contact Rule:
A defensive basketball player must not touch a player with the ball while guarding. The
initiation of a touch on the defender’s part will result in a foul.

Rules for Offensive Players

• Stay within the periphery of the basketball court.
• You must dribble the ball with a single hand. Using both hands for dribbling is not allowed
in basketball.
• While dribbling, your hands must be on top of the basketball. As an offensive player in the
team, you should not carry the ball or run with it without dribbling it with one hand atop it.
• You get only one shot at dribbling a ball at a time. Once you stop doing it, you must pass the
ball instantly to another player (preferably your teammate). You cannot start dribbling
again. If you do so, it results in a foul.
• Backcourt violation is another thing to watch out for. This means that you get past the half-
court line, you should not go back until a defensive player tosses the ball back to the other
side of the basketball court.

Detailed Rules and Regulations in Basketball

Now that you have got a general idea about the Rules and Regulations in Basketball, let us
proceed to some specific rules that kids who take basketball seriously would like to know.

Court Measurement
Different basketball leagues use different types of court measurements. Generally speaking,
you will be more accustomed to the courts that are 94 feet long and has a width of 50 feet.
The NBA courts are of this dimension. But if you plan on playing FIBA style, then you have to
cut down the measurements by a notch. The FIBA basketball courts are 91.9 by 49.2 ft.

Number of Players
The total number of players playing in a match is 12. Each team consists of 6 players, among
which 5 should be playing on the court. The remaining 1 player should remain outside the
court and act as a substitute when needed.

Duration of the Basketball Game

Knowing the Rules and Regulations in Basketball regarding the duration is essential, as
timing is everything.

The match consists of four quarters. The duration of each of the quarters is 12 minutes.
However, that is just for the NBA. The duration changes with the basketball league. For
instance, the NFL has quarters of 15 minutes. The NCAA has halves instead of quarters. Each
half is 20 minutes.

In the case of a draw, there will be an additional 2.30 minutes of overtime period without any
change of baskets.

Scoring
The main objective of basketball is to outscore the team that is against you. Here is how the
basketball scoring system works:

• 3 Points: A team is given three points if a player puts the basketball through the hoop from
behind the three-point line.

• 2 points: A player gets two points if he shoots the ball through the hoop when he is inside
the three-point line.

• 1 point: If a player scores a basket in a foul shot, the team gets 1 point.

24 Second Shot Clock

This rule was invented to pace up the game of basketball in the 1950s. According to the 24-
second shot clock, a team will have to make a legal shot at the basket within 24 seconds after
they have kept the control of the ball. The shot might score the team a basket or be a miss.
For the shot to be a valid one, it should touch the rim of the basket.

Foul & Violations

The Rules and Regulations in Basketball regarding foul and violations are almost the same in
all leagues.

• If a defensive player steals the basketball, it can result in a foul.

• Personal fouls happen if there is any kind of intentional pushing, slapping, knocking,
striking, or holding during the entire match.
• Blocking the opponent’s path with the help of any type of measure is deemed to be foul in
basketball.

• Using obscene language, gestures, or arguing with the referee comes under the purview of
‘technical foul.’

A basketball player who commits 5 personal fouls within the duration of 40 minutes or 6
fouls within 48 minutes is disqualified from the game.

There are various types of violations as well that a player can commit. Here is a list.

• Traveling
• Double dribbling
• Backcourt violation
• Goaltending

Listing Out Some Types of Technical Foul in Basketball are As Follows:

Hold up the game
Having a team overall of less or more than five players when the ball becomes alive
Defensive 3-seconds
A player hanging on the basket ring or backboard
A player participated but he/she is not in the team’s active list
Smashing the backboard
Making the rim unplayable during the game
Coaches box violations