NAGA COLLEGE FOUNDATION

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

PE 4- TEAM SPORTS AND SPORTS MANAGEMENT/PHYSICAL EDUCATION

MIDTERM MODULE- BASKETBALL

I. Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, students should have:

∙ Narrated the history and nature of basketball.

∙ Discussed how the basic basketball skills are being executed. ∙
Performed the basic skills in basketball
∙ Discussed the rules and regulations in playing basketball
∙ Named the different basketball game officials
∙ Explained the duties of the different basketball game officials ∙ Executed
the hand signal used by the referees in officiating basketball

II. Discussion
A. HISTORY OF BASKETBALL

Basketball is a team sport played by two teams

of five players on a rectangular court. The objective is
to shoot a ball through a hoop 18 inches (46 cm) in
diameter and mounted at a height of 10 feet (3.048 m) to backboards
at each end of the court.
Dr. James Naismith invented basketball in 1891, a Canadian-American physical
educator, physician, chaplain, sports coach and innovator. He would be the first
basketball coach of the Kansas Jayhawks, one of the most successful programs in
the game's history. 13 Original Rules
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist.)
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he
catches it, allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good
speed if he tries to stop.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for
holding 5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of
an opponent shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count
as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was
evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3, 4, and such as
described in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents
(consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul. 8. A goal
shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and
stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the
ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. 9.
When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person
first touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The
thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any
side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side.
10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee
when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men
according to Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in
bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal
has been made and keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually
performed by a referee. 12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes’
rest between. Comment: Game formats including length and the number of periods
played along with halftime periods vary according to level.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case
of a draw, the game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another
goal is made.

The First Ball

The very first ball that was used was a soccer ball until 1840 when an
actual “basketball” was invented. The basketball was slightly smaller,
about thirty inches in diameter

The Basket
The first baskets that were used were two peach baskets
that were
hung from the balcony of the gym by 1906, the peach baskets were
replaced by metal baskets with holes in the bottom. In 1913, a hoop
with a net was invented so the basketball could fall freely to the
ground.

Backboard

In 1893, due to the overzealous spectators interfering with the

basketball, the backboard was invented. The first backboard was
constructed out of wire mesh, and then wood and now it is made
from glass, so the backboard does not interfere with the viewing
of the game.

The First Basketball Game

● On December 21, 1891, James Naismith published rules for a new game using
five basic ideas and thirteen rules.
● He asked his class to play a match in the Armory Street court: 9 versus 9, using a
soccer ball and two peach baskets.
● Since the game was pioneered by Dr. Naismith someone proposed to call it
"Naismith Game", but he suggested to name it basketball since basket and
ball were equipment used.
● There were other differences between Naismith’s first idea and the game played
today. The peach baskets were closed, and balls had to be retrieved manually, until
a small hole was put in the bottom of the peach basket to poke the ball out using a
stick.
 ● Only in 1906 were metal hoops, nets and backboards introduced. Moreover,
earlier the soccer ball was replaced by a Spalding ball, like the one used today.

Professional leagues, teams, and organizations

● 1898 - When the first professional league known as National Basketball League was
founded and participated by six teams in which Trenton Nationals was declared
champion, followed by the New York Wanderers, the Bristol Pile Drivers, and the
Camden Electrics ● 1904 – When National Basketball League was abandoned.
● 1922 - the first all-African American professional team was founded
● 1922 until 1928 – Moment the Celtics dominated the World’s Basketball
Champions league
● 1949- When Celtics Team was disbanded

● Other important leagues that were founded:

● 1909- Eastern Basketball League
● 1921- Metropolitan Basketball League
● 1925 - American Basketball League

First International Games

After its arrival in Europe, basketball developed very quickly. In 1909 the first
international match was held in Saint Petersburg: Mayak Saint Petersburg beat a YMCA
American team. The first great European event was held in 1919 in Joinville-le-Pont,
near Paris, during the Inter Allied Games. United States, led by future Hall of Fame
player Max Friedman, won against Italy and France, and then Italy beat France.
Basketball soon became popular among French and Italians. The Italian team had a white
shirt with the House of Savoy shield and the players were: Arrigo and Marco Muggiani,
Baccarini, Giuseppe Sessa, Palestra, Pecollo and Bagnoli.

NBA
● June 6, 1946- Basketball Association of America (BAA) was founded. ∙ 1949 – The
BAA league adopted the name National Basketball Association (NBA) in after
merging with the rival National Basketball League (NBL).
● Early 21st century, the NBA became the most significant professional basketball
league in the world in terms of popularity, salaries, talent, and level of
competition

American Basketball Association

● 1967 - The American Basketball Association (ABA) was founded as an alternative to
the NBA, a time when the NBA was experiencing a lot of popularity. The ABA
offered an alternative ethos and game style as well as some changes in the rules.
Julius Erving was the leading player in the league and helped launch a modern
style of play that emphasizes leaping and play above the rim. His playing strength
helped legitimize the American Basketball Association. The league emphasized
excitement and liveliness, be it in the color of the ball (red, white, and blue), the
manner of play, wild promotions, or the three-point shot. National recognition and
earnings were low, leading the league to look for a way out of its problems. Merger
with the more established and very successful NBA was a solution.
● In the summer of 1976, The ABA was folded into the NBA, its four most
successful franchises (the New York Nets, Denver Nuggets, Indiana Pacers, and
San Antonio Spurs) being incorporated into the older league. The aggressive,
loose style of play and the three-point shot were taken up by the NBA.

Formation of FIBA
● June 18, 1932 - international organization was formed, to coordinate tournaments
and teams: that day, Argentina, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal,
Romania and Switzerland founded the International Basketball Federation
(Fédération international de basketball amateur, FIBA) in Geneva. Its work was
 fundamental for the first inclusion of basketball in the Berlin Olympic Games in
1936. The first Olympic title was won by the U.S. national team and Canada was
runner-up. The games were played on an outdoor clay court.
● 1950 - The first World Championship was held in Argentina.

Source:
o (KentSalazar, March 17, 2017)Retrieved from:
https://www2.slideshare.net/KentSalazar1/history-of-basketball
73245698?qid=89b58f56-8f64-4a26-b5c1-
8b6b01047af6&v=&b=&from_search=1
o (Myrna N. Alvarez et.al., 2011)
B. BASIC BASKETBALL SKILLS

Basketball is a fast-paced game that requires the knowledge and instinct to

perform quickly and properly. The sport of basketball requires five basic skills which
are as follows:

Dribbling is an important skill in basketball. This skill will allow movement up and
down the court, at the same time, maneuver past defenders and execute plays. Proper
dribbling requires ball-handling skills and knowledge of how to spread fingers for ball
control. It is also best to master dribbling equally well with both hands.

● Types of Dribbling

1. High or Speed dribble is used to move the ball up the court very quickly. Typically,
high dribble is applied after steals and during fast break opportunities. To execute a high
dribble, keep the torso erect and push the top of the ball forward, well ahead of the
body. The bounce of the ball should reach anywhere from between the upper thigh to
slightly above the waist. The higher the dribble, the father it is from the body, and the
more the shoulder and elbow is used.

2. Change of pace dribble is used to cause the defender to lose balance as move the
ball forward with a high dribble. The change of pace occurs during the slow momentum
when moving the ball forward and the torso is relaxed. The defender thought that the
opponent is slowing down, so he goes back on his heels and be accelerated by his
opponent.

3. Crossover can be effective If the defender is making a strong attempt to prevent

right or left movement. For example, if the defender is trying to prevent from going to
right, crossover dribble to the left must be performed. To do so, flick the ball across the
body from the right hand to the left hand, while simultaneously moving the right foot
across the body to the left. It is important to keep the body low; the dribble should be no
higher than the knees. Accelerate past the defender by pushing off with the left foot.

4. Between the legs dribble is used to go past a defender who is overplaying. If going
left, begin with rapid low dribbles with the right hand. Take a deep step forward with the
left foot and flick the ball through the legs to the left hand. Keep the body low as you
move forward to the left.

5. Behind the back used to change directions while keeping a good view of the entire
court. To move to the left, begin dribbling with the right hand. To execute this dribble,
place the hand on the side of the ball. Step forward with the left foot while
simultaneously wrapping the ball behind the back, across the back of the thighs, and flick
the ball toward the left hand. Be sure to plant the right foot before stepping forward with
the left foot.

6. Low dribble is used to protect the basketball from nearby defender. The lower the
dribble, the closer the ball to the body, and the more control it with the risk.
Source:
o (Hutchins, December 05, 2018) Retrieved from:
https://www.sportsrec.com/7937935/types-of-dribbles-in-basketball o
(Myrna N. Alvarez et.al., 2011)

Shooting
Shooting the ball into the hoop is needed to score points in basketball.
This requires the ability to properly hold and throw the ball into the air
toward the basket while avoiding defenders. A proper shot requires
precise aiming, arm extension and lift from the legs. There are different
types of shots the need to be learned, which include:

1. Jump Shot is used most frequently for mid- to long-range shots, including
three-point attempts, although it can be used from short range to gain separation
from a defender. Jump
straight up and use the basic shooting form. Release the ball at the peak of your jump.

2. Set Shot/Free Throws -The two-handed set shot was once the common way to
shoot from the perimeter. Today it is typically only used by young players who lack the
strength to shoot with one hand. A free throw, however, is basically a type of set shot,
although it is almost always performed with one hand, and use the standard shooting
form, but do not jump.

3. Layups done from very close range after dribbling to the basket or taking a pass near
the hoop. Typical layup form involves grasping the ball with two hands, raising it in front
the face and banking it off the backboard, which all occurs while in motion. A put back of
a missed shot is also technically a layup. This can be done by jumping well and raising
the ball as high as possible and flip it straight through the rim.

4. Post Shots is usually executed by Centers and power forwards who typically operate
near the basket often use short shots. A turn-around jumper begins with the back to the
basket. Jump away from the hoop while leaning back and simultaneously pivoting about
180 degrees to face the basket before shooting. For a hook shot, stride into the lane
with the back to the hoop while keeping the torso between the basket and the ball. Turn
the non-shooting shoulder toward the hoop, jump, raise the ball straight up and flip the
wrist to take the shot.

5. Dunk in basketball is the most spectacular shot, relies more on jumping ability than
shooting skill. If you can jump high enough, and hands large enough to control the ball,
leap, lift the ball above the rim and push or throw it through the net.

Source:
∙ (Rose, 2018) Retrieved from:
https://www.sportsrec.com/4998555/types-of shooting-in-basket

Passing

Passing in basketball is a way for players to move the ball on the court
between teammates. Passing is two-step process that requires a minimum
of two players on the same team to be effective. The passer must be
accurate and must put the correct amount of velocity on the pass to reach
his teammate in timely fashion and in the right location. (Basketball
 Passing, 2020)

There are 5 common types of basketball passes:

1. Bounce pass

When to use:

∙ At the end of a fast break, when passing to a player in the post, or to

a player making a backdoor cut.
∙ Most effective when it begins with a shot fake or pass fake up high. ∙
To pass under the hands of a defender whose hands are up.
∙ It is the slowest of all passes. Never throw a cross-court bounce pass
because the pass is easily intercepted.

How to execute:

∙ Passer should aim to bounce the ball about 2/3 the distance between
himself and the receiver. For a visual aid, place a piece of tape on the
spot where the pass should bounce.
∙ Receiver should catch the ball at the waist.
∙ Pass should be pushed outward, not thrown down.
∙ Pass should start at the waist with arms extending out toward the spot where the
ball should bounce.
∙ Pass should never begin from the chest or overhead. This causes the ball to
bounce too high.
∙ Hands should follow through about waist high.

2. Chest pass

When to use:

∙ Most efficient and effective pass for ball movement.

∙ To get the ball to a teammate when there is no defender in the

passing lane. How to execute:

∙ Pass should begin at the passer's chest and be caught at the receiver's
chest area. ∙ Ball's flight should not have much of an arc. It should be a
direct flight. ∙
Hands should follow through chest high.

∙ Pay careful attention to your players' elbows. Make sure they are tucked
close to the body, not flying out into "chicken wings." Elbows sticking out
force the hands to rotate incorrectly and ultimately reduce accuracy and
strength of the pass.

3. Overhead pass

When to use:

∙ To pass over a defender whose hands are down.

∙ Great for skip passes across the court, for outlet passes, or to feed a post.

How to execute:
 ∙ Passer should begin with the ball just above the forehead with elbows
facing the target. Do not bring the ball behind the head. It can be
stripped from the back, and it takes longer to throw the pass.
∙ Grip the ball with the fingers pointed upward and thumbs on the back of
the ball pointing inward.
∙ A good rule of thumb is that if the arms were rotated downward, the
elbows would graze the ribs.
∙ This pass should be aimed toward the partner's forehead. She should
receive it at about chin level.
∙ Many kids are weak in their upper body and triceps muscles, so they will
find this to be a more difficult pass.
∙ The hands should follow through forehead high and should look just like a
bounce pass or a chest pass, just higher.

4. One-hand push pass

When to use:

∙ To pass under the arms of players or past a defender who is guarding

closely. ∙ It can be a direct pass or a bounce pass.
∙ It works best when the passer fakes high and then passes low.

How to execute:

∙ Just like a regular bounce pass, the passer should aim to bounce the ball about
2/3 the distance between herself and her partner.
∙ The partner should receive the ball in the waist area.
∙ The pass should be pushed outward, not thrown down.
∙ To teach this pass, a player needs to have an obstacle to step around. I
suggest using a cone or something small at first, which is placed about
two feet from the passer directly in between the passer and the receiver.
∙ If passing on the left side of the body, the left hand is used to pass. If
passing on the right side, use the right hand.
∙ Crossover step - Passer steps around the obstacle with the foot
opposite the passing hand to protect the pass with the body. The ball
is passed around the obstacle to her partner.
∙ Sidestep - A quick push pass can also be done with a short sidestep using
the same foot as the passing hand. The short step creates enough
distance for a safe passing lane.
∙ The problem most young kids have is being strong enough to throw this
pass with one hand, especially using the non-dominant hand. Do not
worry if the pass is weak at first. It is a new skill that will improve with
time.

5. Baseball pass

When to use:

∙ To make a long pass to a player down the court. It's a difficult pass to

control. How to execute:

∙ The baseball basketball pass is thrown just like throwing a baseball. ∙ It is a

 very difficult pass for kindergarten and early elementary basketball players to
execute because they have difficulty controlling the ball with their small hands
and generating enough strength to throw it very far with any accuracy. ∙ The
passer faces sideways to the target (parallel to the sideline) with the throwing
hand behind.
∙ Body weight starts on the back foot.
∙ Keep two hands on the ball if possible, to stop the pass or ball fake, if
necessary. ∙ Passer begins with the ball behind his ear with his opposite
arm extended and pointing toward the target.
∙ The fingers are spread behind the ball.
∙ Bring the ball forward past the ear by leading with the elbow and stepping
with the opposite foot.
∙ Shift the weight to the front foot and follow through in the direction of the throw.

Source:

o (Basketball Passing, 2020) Retrieved from:

https://www.rookieroad.com/basketball/101/passing/
o (Passing a Basketball for Beginners:, 2020)Retrieved from:
https://www.youthhoops101.com/passing-a-basketball.html
Running

Running is a big part of basketball. In a full-court game, running back and forth as
the game quickly transitions between offense and defense is necessary. During ball
possessions, running will help avoid defenders and get to the basket quicker. On defense,
it is must to run after the opponent, especially during fast breaks.

Source:
o (Stewart, 2018)Retrieved from:
https://www.sportsrec.com/8072917/the-five
basic-skills-of-basketball

Jumping

Jumping is another skill that can define how good a basketball player is. Jumping
is involved in offense during the jump ball in the beginning, while taking shots and
sometimes while trying to catch a pass. On defensive you will need the ability to jump
when trying to block a shot or a pass. Being able to out jump your opponent for a
rebound also is important.
C. BASKETBALL BASIC RULES AND REGULATIONS

Objective

The game is played with 2 teams. Each team consists of 5 players on the
court at a time. The objective of the game is to outscore your opponent
by shooting the ball into your basket and preventing them from putting
the ball into theirs. The ball can be advanced up the floor with the hands
only, either by dribbling or passing to teammates.

Playing Area

The basketball court layout is rectangular in shape and is split in

half by a mid-court line. There are 2 baskets, one located at each end of
the court. The standard basketball rim is 10 feet off the ground.
 Figure 1: An illustration of BASKETBALL COURT
Photo Credited to: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/206321226653201769/
Starting Play
Teams are assigned a basket at which to shoot for the first half, and they switch ends at
half-time. The game begins with a jump ball at center court between one player from
each team.
Other players line up in alternating fashion around the center circle. Once the ball is
touched by either player, the game begins. The team in possession of the ball is on
offense and takes the ball toward their basket to score against their opponent who is on
defense.

Positions
There are a variety of ways players can line up on the court, but the most common
basketball positions are:
∙ #1 or Point Guard (PG)
∙ #2 or Shooting Guard (SG)
∙ #3 or Wing or Small Forward (SF)
∙ #4 or Power Forward (PF)
∙ #5 or Center (C)
 Figure 2: An illustration of player positioning in basket
Photo Credited to:

https://www.rookieroad.com/basketball/player-positions/ Scoring

Points are scored any time the ball goes through the basket.
∙ 3 points = shot made beyond the 3-pt line
∙ 2 points = shot made from anywhere else on the court
∙ 1 point = free throw

Game Length

Games are divided into time segments known as periods or quarters. The length and number of
each period differs between leagues. For example, FIBA games are played into 4
periods or quarters that last for 10 minutes (this is usually adapted during amateur
leagues) NBA is played for 4 periods or quarters that last for 12 minutes per period of
quarter.

Fouls
Basketball fouls are penalties assessed by the referees for rough play to keep a player
from gaining an advantage over another player. A player who is fouled is awarded the
ball out of bounds unless the foul occurred during the act of shooting, in which case the
player who is fouled is awarded 2 free throws. Each player is allowed 5 fouls before they
are removed from the game. Here are some common basketball fouls:
 ● Blocking – A personal foul caused when the defender makes illegal personal
contact with an opponent who may or may not have the ball. Blocking is called
when the defender impedes the progress of the opponent.
● Charging (or Player Control Foul) – A personal foul occurring when an offensive
player contacts a defender who has already established a set position. A player
with the ball must avoid contact with a stationary defender by stopping or
changing direction.
● Elbowing – It is a violation for a player to swing the elbows excessively. ●
Flagrant Foul – A personal or technical foul, which is violent in nature. Examples
are fighting, striking, kicking, or kneeing an opponent.
● Hand Check – A personal foul caused by a defender making repeated contact
with her hands on her opponent.
● Holding – A personal foul caused by illegal contact with an opponent, which
interferes with his freedom of movement.
● Intentional Foul – A personal or technical foul, which keeps the opponent from
capitalizing on an advantageous situation. It could be contact away from the ball
or contact when a defender is not making a legitimate attempt to play the ball or
a player. It also occurs when a player causes excessive contact with an opponent.
● Offensive Foul – A foul caused by an offensive player, usually in the form of
charging. ● Personal Foul – Illegal contact with an opponent while the ball is live,
which hinders the opponent's offensive or defensive movement. A personal foul also
includes contact by or on an airborne shooter when the ball is dead.
● Technical Foul – A non-contact foul by a player; an intentional or flagrant
contact foul while the ball is dead; or a violation charged to the head coach
because of violations on the sideline or from bench personnel.
● Team Foul – Any foul charged to a team. Once a team reaches 7 team fouls, its
opponent is in a bonus free throw situation.

Violations
The basketball basic rules include numerous ball handling and time violations that cause
a team to lose possession of the ball. Here are some common violations:

● Back-court Violation – If a player is the last one on her team to touch the ball
before it goes into the backcourt, she cannot be the first player to touch it in the
backcourt. ● Closely Guarded (or Five-second Violation) – Violation that occurs
when a ball handler
in his team's front-court is continuously guarded by any opponent who is within
6 feet of him while he is either dribbling or holding the ball. The offensive player
has 5 seconds to either get rid of the ball or drive past the defender.
● Double Dribble - When a dribbler touches the ball with both hands at the same
time or when the dribbler picks up the ball and then starts dribbling again.
● Goal-tending – Occurs when a player touches a shot ball while it is in its
downward flight above the rim. It also occurs when a defender touches a free
throw attempt outside the basket.
● Lane Violation – A violation called during a free throw situation against a
player who enters the lane too soon.
● Ten Seconds in the Back-court – A team has 10 seconds to advance the ball
from their backcourt past the half-court line to the frontcourt.
 ● Three Seconds in the Lane – An offensive player cannot remain in the free
throw lane for longer than 3 seconds while her team is in control of the ball in
the frontcourt. She must clear the lane completely with both feet to stop the
official's count. If she receives the ball while she is in the lane, she can stay
beyond 3 seconds to drive toward the goal for a shot.
● Traveling – A violation caused by moving the feet in any direction without properly
dribbling the ball. It results in a turnover, and the ball is given to the opposing
team. While holding the ball, a player must establish a pivot foot which always has
to remain on the floor until he passes, shoots, or dribbles. While holding the ball,
his knee cannot touch the floor and if he falls, he must get rid of the ball before
attempting to get up.

Source:
https://www.mcvts.net/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleins
tanceid =6613&datai
d=14878&FileName=Basketball%20Basic%20Rules.pdf
III. Assessments

Assessment #1 TRACE ME UP!

Direction: Make a timeline showing the chronological order how basketball started.
Source:http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson_images/lesson398/rubric
timeline2.pdf.

Assessment #2 “BEST PICK”

Direction: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Basketball was inveted in ________.

A. 1891 B. 1892 C. 1893
2. Basketball was first played in Olympic in 1936 at_____
A. Berlin B. China C. Europe
3. In what situation a blocking foul is committed?
A. Using hands to stop an opponent.
B. Getting in the other team's way to give your teammate space.
 C. The use of a defender´s body position to prevent an opponent´s
advance.
4. It refers to the skill in basketball bouncing the ball up and down off the
floor with one hand, in order to advance the ball up the court. What is
it?
A. Running B. Dribbling C. Jumping

5. It is a violations and misconduct that are detrimental to the game and

penalized by free-throw opportunities are called:
A. Intentional fouls B. Flagrant fouls C. Technical fouls
6. What kind of ball was originally used in basketball?
A. Rugby Ball B. Volleyball C. Soccer Ball
7. It is a skill in basketball that requires the ability to properly hold and
throw the ball into the air toward the basket while avoiding defenders.
What is it?
A. Dribbling B. Passing C. Shooting
8. It is the objective of the game basketball. What is it?
A. To dribble the ball and shoot
B. To score
C. To score more than the other and to prevent the other team to score
9. It is an illegal movement of one or both feet beyond the limits.
A. Dribbling B. Player out of bounds C . Traveling
10. Who invented the game of basketball?
A. Dr. James Naismith B. Dr. Jaime Naismith C. Dr. James Naismyt

Prepared by:

Joyce Ann Perez

Sheena Samson
Rachel Rifareal
Janet Aquino
Emily Moreno