Chapter 1: Introduction to Communication Systems MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The theory of radio waves was originated by: a. Marconi c.

Maxwell b. Bell d. Hertz ANS: !. The "erson who sent the first radio signal across the Atlantic ocean was: a. Marconi c. Maxwell b. Bell d. Hertz ANS: A #. The trans$ission of radio waves was first done by: a. Marconi c. Maxwell b. Bell d. Hertz ANS: % &. A co$"lete co$$'nication syste$ $'st incl'de: a. a trans$itter and receiver b. a trans$itter( a receiver( and a channel c. a trans$itter( a receiver( and a s"ectr'$ analyzer d. a $'lti"lexer( a de$'lti"lexer( and a channel ANS: B ). *adians "er second is e+'al to: a. !,-,f c. the "hase angle b. f -,!,d. none of the above ANS: A .. The bandwidth re+'ired for a $od'lated carrier de"ends on: a. the carrier fre+'ency c. the signal/"l's/noise to noise ratio b. the signal/to/noise ratio d. the baseband fre+'ency range ANS: % 0. 1hen two or $ore signals share a co$$on channel( it is called: a. s'b/channeling c. S2NA% b. signal switching d. $'lti"lexing ANS: % 3. T%M stands for: a. Ti$e/%ivision M'lti"lexing c. Ti$e %o$ain Meas're$ent b. Two/level %igital Mod'lation d. none of the above ANS: A 4. 5%M stands for: a. 5ast %igital Mod'lation c. 5re+'ency/%ivision M'lti"lexing b. 5re+'ency %o$ain Meas're$ent d. none of the above ANS: 16. The wavelength of a radio signal is: a. e+'al to f -,c b. e+'al to c -, c. the distance a wave travels in one "eriod d. how far the signal can travel witho't distortion

ANS: 11. %istortion is ca'sed by: a. creation of har$onics of baseband fre+'encies b. baseband fre+'encies 7$ixing7 with each other c. shift in "hase relationshi"s between baseband fre+'encies d. all of the above ANS: % 1!. The collection of sin'soidal fre+'encies "resent in a $od'lated carrier is called its: a. fre+'ency/do$ain re"resentation c. s"ectr'$ b. 5o'rier series d. all of the above ANS: % 1#. The baseband bandwidth for a voice/grade 8tele"hone9 signal is: a. a""roxi$ately # :Hz c. at least ) :Hz b. !6 Hz to 1)(666 Hz d. none of the above ANS: A 1&. Noise in a co$$'nication syste$ originates in: a. the sender c. the channel b. the receiver d. all of the above ANS: % 1). 7Man/$ade7 noise can co$e fro$: a. e+'i"$ent that s"ar:s c. static b. te$"erat're d. all of the above ANS: A 1.. Ther$al noise is generated in: a. transistors and diodes c. co""er wire b. resistors d. all of the above ANS: % 10. Shot noise is generated in: a. transistors and diodes c. co""er wire b. resistors d. none of the above ANS: A 13. The "ower density of 7flic:er7 noise is: a. the sa$e at all fre+'encies c. greater at low fre+'encies b. greater at high fre+'encies d. the sa$e as 7white7 noise ANS: 14. So called 71;f7 noise is also called: a. rando$ noise c. white noise b. "in: noise d. "artition noise ANS: B !6. 7<in:7 noise has: a. e+'al "ower "er Hertz c. constant "ower b. e+'al "ower "er octave d. none of the above ANS: B !1. 1hen two noise voltages( V1 and V!( are co$bined( the total voltage VT is: a. VT = s+rt8V1 -,V1 > V! -,V!9 c. VT = s+rt8V1 -,V!9 b. VT = 8V1 > V!9;! d. VT = V1 > V! ANS: A

!!. Signal/to/Noise ratio is calc'lated as: a. signal voltage divided by noise voltage b. signal "ower divided by noise "ower c. first add the signal "ower to the noise "ower( then divide by noise "ower d. none of the above ANS: B !#. S2NA% is calc'lated as: a. signal voltage divided by noise voltage b. signal "ower divided by noise "ower c. first add the signal "ower to the noise "ower( then divide by noise "ower d. none of the above ANS: % !&. Noise 5ig're is a $eas're of: a. how $'ch noise is in a co$$'nications syste$ b. how $'ch noise is in the channel c. how $'ch noise an a$"lifier adds to a signal d. signal/to/noise ratio in dB ANS: !). The "art( or "arts( of a sin'soidal carrier that can be $od'lated are: a. its a$"lit'de c. its a$"lit'de( fre+'ency( and direction b. its a$"lit'de and fre+'ency d. its a$"lit'de( fre+'ency( and "hase angle ANS: % COMPLETION 1. The tele"hone was invented in the year ????????????????????. ANS: 13.# !. *adio signals first were sent across the Atlantic in the year ????????????????????. ANS: 1461 #. The fre+'ency band 'sed to $od'late the carrier is called the ???????????????????? band. ANS: base &. The @ob of the carrier is to get the infor$ation thro'gh the ????????????????????. ANS: channel ). The bandwidth of an 'n$od'lated carrier is ????????????????????. ANS: zero .. The ABA in HartleyAs Baw stands for ????????????????????. ANS: bandwidth 0. The $ore infor$ation "er second yo' send( the ???????????????????? the bandwidth re+'ired. ANS: greater larger wider 3. 2n ????????????????????( yo' s"lit the bandwidth of a channel into s'b/channels to carry

$'lti"le signals. ANS: 5%M 4. 2n ????????????????????( $'lti"le signal strea$s ta:e t'rns 'sing the channel. ANS: T%M 16. CH5 stands for the ???????????????????? fre+'ency band. ANS: very high 11. The CH5 band starts at ???????????????????? MHz. ANS: #6 1!. The DH5 band starts at ???????????????????? MHz. ANS: #66 1#. A radio signalAs ???????????????????? is the distance it travels in one cycle of the carrier. ANS: wavelength 1&. 2n free s"ace( radio signals travel at a""roxi$ately ???????????????????? $eters "er second. ANS: #66 $illion 1). The e+'i"$ent 'sed to show signals in the fre+'ency do$ain is the ?????????????????????????. ANS: s"ectr'$ analyzer 1.. Mathe$atically( a s"ectr'$ is re"resented by a ???????????????????? series. ANS: 5o'rier 10. %isabling a receiver d'ring a b'rst of at$os"heric noise is called ????????????????????. ANS: noise blan:ing blan:ing 13. 5or satellite co$$'nications( ???????????????????? noise can be a serio's "roble$. ANS: solar 14. Ther$al noise is ca'sed by the rando$ $otions of ???????????????????? in a cond'ctor. ANS: electrons SHORT NS!ER 1. Na$e the five ele$ents in a bloc: diagra$ of a co$$'nications syste$. ANS: So'rce( Trans$itter( hannel( *eceiver( %estination !. Na$e five ty"es of internal noise. ANS: Ther$al( Shot( <artition( 1;f( transit/ti$e #. 1hy is ther$al noise called 7white noise7E ANS: 1hite light is co$"osed of e+'al a$o'nts of light at all visible fre+'encies. Bi:ewise( ther$al noise has e+'al "ower density over a wide range of

fre+'encies. &. 1hat is 7"in: noise7E ANS: Bight is "in: when it contains $ore red than it does other colors( and red is at the low end of the visible s"ectr'$. Bi:ewise( "in: noise has higher "ower density at lower fre+'encies. ). S'""ose there is #6 C fro$ one noise so'rce that is co$bined with &6 C fro$ another noise so'rce. alc'late the total noise voltage. ANS: )6 C .. 2f yo' have 166 $C of signal and 16 $C of noise( both across the sa$e 166/oh$ load( what is the signalto/ noise ratio in dBE ANS: !6 dB 0. The in"'t to an a$"lifier has a signal/to/noise ratio of 166 dB and an o't"'t signal/to/noise ratio of 36 dB. 5ind N5( both in dB and as a ratio. ANS: !6 dB( N5 = 166 3. A $icrowave receiver has a noise te$"erat're of 1&) F. 5ind its noise fig're. ANS: 1.) 4. Two cascaded a$"lifiers each have a noise fig're of ) and a gain of 16. 5ind the total N5 for the "air. ANS: ).& 16. Gx"lain why yo' co'ld 'se a diode as a noise so'rce with a s"ectr'$ close to that of "'re ther$al noise. How wo'ld yo' control the a$o'nt of noise generatedE ANS: 1hen c'rrent flows thro'gh a diode( it generates shot noise that can be re"resented as a c'rrent so'rce( the o't"'t of which is a noise c'rrent. The e+'ation for the noise c'rrent is very si$ilar to the e+'ation for ther$al noise voltage. Since the "ower in the shot noise is "ro"ortional to the diode c'rrent( controlling the diode c'rrent controls the noise "ower.