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Melissa Ortiz AP English Literature Mr. Emigh 27 May 2011 Judy Garland: A Legend Judy Garland has bec me an ic nic !igure in sh " business "ith her signature # ice$ und ubtedly shared "ith each %assing generati n. &he mar's an era ! ( lly" d "ith thers

such as )red Astaire$ )ran' &inatra$ Gene *elly$ and m re establishing a %lace all her "n "ith ren "ned s ngs$ n t limited t remar'ably % %ular +O#er the ,ainb "-. Garland enc m%assed natural talent and %assi n in music and !ilm des%ite years ! em ti nal . %hysical sic'ness as a result ! her insecurity regarding her a%%earance in c m%aris n t time /+Judy Gar0land- PBS1. )rances Ethel Gumm n June 10$ 1222$ "as b rn in Grand ,a%ids$ Minnes ta int a !amily ! #aude#illians. (er %arents had %ened a m #ie theater there that !eatured #aude#ille acts. At t" and a hal!0years0 ld she started %er! rming "ith her lder sisters in #aude#ille acts as %art ! the Gumm &isters "ith a debut %er! rmance ! +Jingle 3ells- /+Judy GarlandBiography1. (er m ther str ngly enc uraged the success ! Judy and her sisters in sh " business$ straining the m ther0daughter relati nshi%s she had. )rances recei#ed the m st attenti n ut ! the sisters and "as called +3abe- r +3aby- Gumm. &he id lized her !ather since she had a cl ser relati nshi% "ith him than her m ther and she sang !ten "ith him /+Judy Garland- Yahoo Movies1. 4ue t a rum r circulating ab ut her !ather ma'ing se5ual ad#ances t "ard male ushers in their theater$ the !amily rel cated t Lancaster$ 6A "here the Gumm sisters t ured as #aude#illians in 1227 /4ahl and *eh e 21. 8he Gumm sisters a%%eared in se#eral 30!ilms such as +8he &tarlet ,e#ue98he 3ig ,e#ue-. 3y 12:; the Gumm &isters became ther ty%ical starlets at the

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the Garland sisters "hen$ %er! rming at the < rld )air in 6hicag $ the act r Ge rge Jessel suggested m re attracti#e names /+Judy Garland- Yahoo Movies1. )rances became Judy$ named a!ter ( agy 6armichael=s s ng$ but in 12:> the Garland tri s%lit "hen the ldest sister married. 8hat same year Judy Garland signed a c ntract "ith Metr 0G ld"yn0Mayer a!ter landing a success!ul auditi n triggering the l ng r ad t !ame /A,&6 J urnal1. Garland=s net" r' radi debut$ +&t m%in= at the &a# y-$ landed her a c ntract "ith 4ecca ,ec rds. At 1:0years0 ld Judy "as thrust int the !ilm industry as she "as c nsidered t y ung ! r adult r les but n t !it ! r the image ass ciated "ith children=s r les such as the r les ta'en by &hirley 8em%le. &he es%ecially !elt insecure ab ut her a%%earance in c m%aris n t the traditi nal glam r us leading ladies at the time /+Judy Garland- PBS1. E#en "ith the ?birdli'e # cal %r ducti n$ clear$ %ure$ res nant$ inn cent...a #i la0li'e # ice@the "armth$ the tenderness$ the radiance$ the e5uberance= described as her "n she did n t !eel adeAuate /4ahl and *eh e 2>;1. 8he direct rs that " r'ed "ith her c ntributed t her sel!0c nsci usness by calling her +little hunchbac'- and +ugly duc'ling- /<ayne 20;1. 8 alter her l '$ the studi ! rced her t "ear rubberized dis's ! r her n se and ca%s ! r her teeth. Bn 12:>$ "hen Judy=s !ather died !r m meningitis$ in the middle ! recei#ing the ne"s she sang +CingD <ent the &trings ! My (eart-$ a s ng that became a standard %er! rmance ! r each ! her ! ll "ing c ncerts /&hi%man >>1. (er !irst m #ie came ut in 12:7$ +Pigs'in Parade-$ in "hich she "as l aned t 8"entieth 6entury ) 5 and she sang the s ng +Bt=s L #e B=m A!ter-$ "hich caught the attenti n ! se#eral rec rd labels /+Judy Garland- Biography1. A string ! successes came ! r Judy a!ter this em ti nal e5%erience "ith her renditi n ! +E u Made Me L #e E u- "hich she "as set t %lay in Broadway Melody of 1938. Judy "as %aired "ith Mic'ey , ney in her !irst leading r le in Love Finds Andy Hardy "hich became a

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hit and they "ere %aired in nine !ilms a!ter /&hi%man F70FF1. 4uring these !ilms Judy Garland$ Mic'ey$ , ney$ and ther %er! rmers "ere gi#en am%hetamines and barbiturates t c ntr l the

act rs= slee%ing cycle during !ilming and t c ntr l "eight gain. Bn 12:F Judy started !ilming ! r +8he <izard ! Oz-$ a !ilm based n a children=s b '$ "hich she "as ! re#er identi!ied "ith as

the singer ! the Oscar "inning +O#er the ,ainb "- /Li!e <ith Judy Garland1. Garland became a legacy in her r le as the girl !r m *ansas stranded !r m h me. Edgar (arburg$ the s ng lyricist ! r +O#er the ,ainb "- remar'ed ! Judy$ +Judy "as an unusual child$ "ith an ability t %r Gect a s ng and a # ice that %enetrated y ur insides. &he sang n t Gust t y ur ears$ but t y ur tear ducts- /&hi%man F;1. 8he !ilm didn=t recei#e %r !its until 12;0 due t tic'et %ricing but that "as the same year Judy Garland " n the Academy Ju#enile A"ard at the Academy A"ards ! r her %er! rmance in The i!ard of "! and Ba#es in Ar$s. Judy emerged as a teen starlet by this time

/+Judy Garland- PBS1. Andy Hardy Mee%s &e#'%an%e$ S%ri(e )p %he Band* and Li%%le +ellie ,elly established Judy as a maG r asset t MGM by 12;1 /Juneau >>0>71. 12;1 "as als the year Judy married bandleader 4a#id , se. Bn her ne5t !ilm For Me and My -al$ al ngside Gene *elly$ she "as t % billed ! r the !irst time #er the credits /4ahl and *eh e 12F01:11. 8his "as the !!icial transiti n !r m teenage t adult actress ! r Garland. 8" years later$ in Presen%ing Lily Mars$ she "as dressed glam r usly in adult attire "hich e5em%li!ied her transiti n as an adult actress n0 screen un !!icially /+Judy Garland- Biography1. Mee% Me .n S%/ Lo'is$ her ne5t !ilm$ is ne ! her m st % %ular !ilms mar'ing her as the # ice ! +8he 3 y He5t 4 r-$ +8he 8r lley & ng-$ and +(a#e E ursel! a Merry Little 6hristmas- /+Judy Garland- PBS1. 8his !ilm$ directed by Judy=s !uture sec nd husband Iincente Minnelli$ included many a%%earance changes ! r Garland including li%$ eyebr "$ and n se alterati ns. &he li'ed the e!!ect ! this because ! her %er%etual

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sel!0c nsci usness ab ut her a%%earance e#en "hen she "as glam rized /A,&6 J urnal1. Bn her !irst dramatic !ilm The 0lo1( she "as als success!ul but her !ans e5%ected her t sing /&hi%man 17;017F1. 8he reacti n t this !ilm indicated that !ans n t nly l #ed her acting but the acc m%animent ! her singing # ice. Judy Garland and Iicente Minnelli "elc med a child$ Liza Minnelli$ int the !amily in 12;7 /+Judy Garland- Yahoo Movies1. E#entually "hile !ilming The Pira%e in 12;7 "ith Gene *elly she had a ner# us brea'd "n and "as %laced in a %ri#ate sanitarium "here she had her !irst suicide attem%t. Garland had bec me increasingly bsessed "ith her "eight and t ' diet %ills. (er %ers nal li!e "as in shambles$ an ther di# rce c ming al ng "ith Iicente Minnelli. Judy "as gaining the re%utati n ! +unreliable and unstable- as she claimed illness and arri#ed t rehearsals late /+Judy Garland- Biography1. 2as%er Parade$ .n %he -ood "ld S'$$er%i$e$ and S'$$er S%o1( ! ll "ed as a series ! un!inished MGM !ilms. <hile !ilming The Bar(leys of Broadway Judy t ' %rescri%ti n slee%ing medicati n and m r%hine t gether regularly$ resulting in migraines that interru%ted the !ilming schedule. MGM e5ecuti#e$ Arthur )reed$ decided t sus%end Judy and her r le "as re%laced by Ginger , gers /+Judy Garland- PBS3. Judy "as then sus%ended !r m Annie -e% Yo'r -'n arri#ing late t the set "hich stemmed !r m her an5iety !r m ta'ing n an unglam r us r le as that ! Annie Oa'ley /&hi%man 2:;1. Again she "as sus%ended in her ne5t !ilm The 4oyal edding and attem%ted

suicide an ther time. Bn 12>0 MGM dr %%ed their c ntract "ith Judy alt gether and her career seemed t be heading in a bad directi n /+Judy Garland- Yahoo Movies1. (er ne" manager in 12>1$ &id Lu!t$ her third husband$ hel%ed her get bac' n trac' "ith her career as she "ent n t ur and %er! rmed at the L nd n Palladium. &he recei#ed great re#ie"s and a rene"ed standing #ati n that mar'ed a s rt ! c mebac' ! r her. Garland did #aude#ille0style %er! rmances at the

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Palace 8heatre n 3r ad"ay in "hich she "as highly %raised. &he "as h n red ! r her %er! rmances "ith a &%ecial 8 ny A"ard /A,&6 J urnal1. Garland and Lu!t had t" children$ J ey and L rna Lu!t$ during their marriage /Li!e <ith Judy1. &id Lu!t "as a critical element in %utting t gether ne ! Garland=s greatest " r'sJ a musical rema'e ! A S%ar is Born in 12>; "herein Garland %layed a " man "h sacri!iced l #e ! r stard m. (er %er! rmance ! +8he Man 8hat G t A"ay- is th ught t be her +best %er! rmance n !ilm- /+Judy Garland- Biography1. He#ertheless$ the !ilm l st m ney due t %r ducti n delays$ leading t c st #erruns "hen Judy !elt increasingly ill. Bt als l st m ney because the !ilm "as cut sh rt ab ut :0 minutes s that it c uld ha#e m re runs during the day in m #ie theaters /+Judy Garland- PBS1. &till$ Judy "as n minated ! r an Academy A"ard ! r 3est Actress ! r her r le in the !ilm. Mar'ed as ne ! the biggest disa%% intments in the hist ry ! Academy A"ards$ the A"ard "as re"arded t Grace *elly but Judy did "in 3est Actress in a Musical at the G lden Gl bes /A,&6 J urnal1. )r m 12>> t 1272 Judy a%%eared n tele#isi n s%ecials and %r grams including Ford S%ar 5'#ilee and -eneral 2le1%ri1 Thea%er /Li!e "ith Judy1. )eedbac' !r m these %er! rmances "ere similar t this remar'K +( "e#er$ the #erall Auality ! her singing des%ite min r im%er!ecti ns$ and %articularly in regard t her "ay "ith lyrics$ # cal %r "ess$ and em ti#e % "er ma'es Garland the eAual ! any singer ! the g lden age ! American music- /A,&6 J urnal :271. Judy=s s%ecials attracted the largest audiences ! r any entertainment %r grams in 63&08I net" r' hist ry at the time /Li!e <ith Judy1. Bn 12>7$ Judy "as diagn sed "ith acute he%atitis$ t ld she had n m re than !i#e years t li#e and " uld bec me an in#alid but Judy 'e%t %er! rming. +At the end ! her li!e Judy "as a neur tic$ des%erate$ ba!!ling " man. &he "as an unstable %er! rmer "h a!ter ;0 years ! singing "as l sing her # ice. H netheless$ she "as still

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+charming and magnetic- /4ahl and *eh e :1>1. Bn 1270 she returned t sing at the L nd n Palladium and !elt at h me "ith the 3ritish$ %ersuading her t m #e t 3ritain. (er rec rd !r m her a%%earance at 6arnegie (all$ 5'dy a% 0arnegie Hall$ is c nsidered ne ! the m st magni!icent %er! rmances in sh " business hist ry and a"arded Album ! the Eear . 3est )emale I cal at the Grammy=s /+Judy Garland- Yahoo Movies1. Judy=s !ilms that ! ll "ed "ere her last including 5'dg$en% a% +'re$#erg* in "hich she "as Oscar and G lden Gl be n minated ! r 3est &u%% rting Actress$ -ay P'rr6ee$ A 0hild is Garland- Biography1. )r m 127:0127; Judy starred in The 5'dy -arland Show "here she mainly sh "cased her singing talent$ "ith a%%earances by her daughters Liza Minnelli and L rna Lu!t$ "h b th %ursued their "n success in the entertainment industry. Judy=s stint n the sh " earned her an Emmy A"ard n minati n ! r Outstanding Per! rmance in a Iariety r Musical Pr gram in 127; /+Judy Garland- PBS1. L rna Lu!t c mmented in the m #ie made based n li#ing as her m ther=s daughter$ that +(ard " r' and %ills had r bbed her ! her childh dJ n " th se %ills ai%ing$ and . 0o'ld -o "n Singing /+Judy

"ere beginning t destr y mine- /Li!e <ith Judy Garland1. Judy "as in high demand at this time ! r gigs and %er! rmances ar und the " rld. ( "e#er her marriage "as in distress again and she di# rced Lu!t in 127>$ Auic'ly remarrying t Mar' (err n. Bn 1277 she made a c mebac' t 3r ad"ay in A% Ho$e a% %he Pala1e /Judy Garland Biography1. Ln! rtunately$ she ! und hersel! in !inancial tr uble and returned t L nd n t ma'e s me Auic' m ney. &he %er! rmed at L nd n=s 8al' ! the 8 "n nightclub but she "as n t in g d %er! rming sha%e as

she became m re ill em ti nally and %hysically. (er last %er! rmance "as in 6 %enhagen in 1272$ the same year she married Mic'ey 4eans$ a ! rmer bandleader and nightclub "ner /&hi%man 2121.

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June 22$ 1272 Judy "as ! und dead in the bathr

m ! her L nd n h tel by her husband

Mic'ey 4eans. 8he cause ! death "as determined as an accidental #erd se. ?8he greatest sh c' ab ut her death "as that there "as n sh c'- "r te Iincent 6anby in the He" E r' 8imes$ +One sim%ly " ndered h " she sur#i#ed ! r s l ng-/&hi%man >271. Judy "as seen as unstable by th se ar und her and her death "as a sad truth t many ! her !ans "h bser#ed her

d "n!all. &he nce said$ +BM#e al"ays ta'en 8he <izard ! Oz #ery seri usly.... B belie#e in the idea ! the rainb ". And BM#e s%ent my entire li!e trying t get #er it-$ summarizing the em ti nal turbulence in her li!e starting at an early age /+Judy Garland- Biography1. Garland=s daughters 'e%t her legacy ali#e thr ugh their "n ! ll "ing int the music industry /+Judy Garland- PBS1. Judy Garland embedded a %ermanent indentati n in music and !ilm "hen she signed her MGM c ntract. & me d n=t e#en 'n " she=s g ne$ been g ne ! r years$ but they 'n " "hat she le!t behind. 8hey 'n " that they ha#e heard her heart0"renching renditi n ! +(a#e E ursel! a Merry Little 6hristmas- and +O#er the ,ainb "- /Li!e <ith Judy1. 8he bstacles Judy !aced in her li!e "ere cl sely c nnected t her music because her em ti n sh "ed thr ugh her %er! rmances. Judy c mmented l ng ag $ +Bn the silence ! night B ha#e !ten "ished ! r Gust a !e" " rds ! l #e !r m ne man$ rather than the a%%lause ! th usands ! %e %le-$ dem nstrating her %lea ! r em ti nal !ul!illment /+Judy Garland- Biography3. 8he %er! rmances that she ga#e "ere her "h le being a!ter "eathered and t rn by drugs that she started ta'ing as a child under the ad#isement ! adults. 8he characteristic that all "ed Judy t be such a great %er! rmer "as her #ulnerability and that is s mething that can be seen thr ugh her # ice . !ilms /A,&6 J urnal1.

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Works Cited

4ahl$ 4a#id$ 3arry *eh e. E ung Judy. L nd nK (art04a#is$ MacGibb n$ 127>. )isher$ James. +8he Iery 3est ! Judy GarlandK 8he 6a%it l ,ec rdings-. A,&6 J urnal. :270 :22. +Judy Garland-. 2011. 3i gra%hy. 7 A%ril 2011. Nhtt%K99""".bi gra%hy.c m9articles9Judy0 Garland02:07F:FO +Judy Garland-. P3&. 2002. 7 A%ril 2011. Nhtt%K99""".%bs. rg9americanmasters9e%is des9Gudy0 garland9ab ut0Gudy0garland97009O +Judy Garland-. 2011. Eah .c m. 7 A%ril 2011. .c m9m #ie9c ntribut r91F0001F0:F9bi O

Nhtt%K99""".m #ies.yah

Juneau. James. Judy GarlandK A Pyramid Bllustrated (ist ry ! the M #ies. He" E r'K Pyramid Publicati ns$ 127;. Li!e <ith Judy Garland. 4ir. , bert Allan Ac'erman. <ith Judy 4a#is$ Iict r Garber and (ugh Laurie. <rit. L rna Lu!t$ , bert L. )reedman. American 3r adcasting 6 m%any M mentum Pictures /L*1. 2001. &hi%man$ 4a#id. 8he &ecret Li!e ! an American Legend. He" E r'K (y%eri n$ 1222. <ayne$ Jane Ellen. 8he G lden Girls ! MGM. He" E r'K 6arr ll . Gr ! Publishers$ 200:.