Ranchi

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the Indian city. For other uses, see Ranchi (disambiguation).

Ranchi
Metropolis Nickname(s): City of waterfalls

Ranchi

Coordinates: Country State District Government Body Deputy mayor Area Total Elevation Population (2011) Total

23.35N 85.33ECoordinates: 23.35N 85.33E India Jharkhand Ranchi Ranchi Municipal Corporation Sanjeev Vijayvargiya 175 km2 (68 sq mi) 629 m (2,064 ft) 1,073,440 (City) 1,126,741 (UA)[1]

 Rank Time zone PIN Telephone code Vehicle registration Sex ratio(per 1000 male) Literacy Website

47th IST (UTC+5:30) 834001(83 xxxx) +91-651 JH 01 950 87.68 % www.ranchi.nic.in

Ranchi /rnti/ is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand, and its second-most populous city. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement,[2] which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Orissa, western West Bengal & the eastern area of what is present-day Chhattisgarh. The Jharkhand state was formed on 15 November 2000 by carving out the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and Santhal Parganas. The name Ranchi is derived from the previous name of the Oraon village at the same site, Archi.[3] "Archi" derives from the Oraon word for bamboo grove or stave. According to legend, after an altercation with a spirit, a farmer beat the spirit with his bamboo stave. The spirit shouted archi, archi, archi and vanished. Archi became Rachi, which became Ranchi. [4] One of the historically significant neighborhoods of Rachi is Doranda ('duran' ' ' means song and

'daah' '' means water in the Mundari language). Doranda lies between the Hinoo (Bhusur) & Harmoo Rivers, where the civil station, treasury and church established by the British Raj were destroyed by rebel forces during the Sepoy Mutiny.[5] The present Purani (old) Ranchi marks the site of the old village of Archi.

Contents

1 Early history 2 Geography 3 Climate 4 Demographics 5 Transport o 5.1 Railways o 5.2 Airways o 5.3 Roadways 6 Healthcare 7 Education o 7.1 Higher Education Institutions o 7.2 Colleges under Ranchi University affiliation 8 Sports 9 Media 10 Festivals

11 Shopping centre and entertainment points 12 Tourist attractions 13 Hotels and shops 14 Notable people 15 Distance of major cities from Ranchi 16 See also 17 References

Early history
In ancient times, Ranchi was ruled by Munda Rajas. The old Ram Temple in Ranchi was their royal palace. The area may have been part of the Magadh Empire during the reign of Ashoka (273-232 BC). With the decline of Mauryan power, King Kharavela of Kalinga led an army through Jharkhand and ransacked Rajgriha and Pataliputra of Magadh. Later, Samudra Gupta (335-380 AD) would have passed through the area on his expedition to the Deccan. Ranchi was the capital of Chotanagpur Raj which, after being ruled by the Mundas, was ruled by the Shah Deos. Their palace, which still stands today, was in Ratu, approximately 11 km from Ranchi.It has Asia's only foundry institution that is National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology .

Geography
Ranchi lies at 2321N 8520E.[6] Its municipal area is 175.12 square kilometres, and its average elevation is 651 m above sea level. Ranchi is located in the southern part of the Chota Nagpur plateau, which is the eastern section of the Deccan plateau. Ranchi is known as the "City of Waterfalls" because of its numerous waterfalls, the most well known of which are Dassam Falls, Hundru Falls, Jonha Falls, Hirni Falls and Panchghagh Falls. The Subarnarekha river and its tributaries constitute the local river system. The channels Kanke, Rukka and Hatia have been dammed to create reservoirs that supply water to the majority of the population. Ranchi has a hilly topography and its dense tropical forests a combination that produces a relatively moderate climate compared to the rest of the state. During the period of British rule, it was accorded a 'hill station' status. Since that time, rapid population growth and industrialization have caused a marked change in its weather patterns and an increase in average temperature. This has resulted in gradual loss of its eligibility for "hill station" status.
Varanasi, Allahabad, Kanpur, New Delhi Bhopal, Indore, Gaya, Patna, Gorakhpur, Kathmandu Bokaro, Dhanbad, Durgapur, Siliguri, Guwahati Kolkata, Dhaka,

Pune, Mumbai, Ahmedabad

Ranchi

Aizawl

Rourkela, Jamshedpur, Raipur, Hyderabad, Bhubaneswar, Kharagpur, Bay of Solapur, Goa Cuttack, Chennai, Bengal Bangalore

Climate
Ranchi
J
22

Climate chart (explanation) F M A M J J A S O N D

24 23 27 60 251 342 341 266 80 14 12

23 25 10 12

31 36 17 21

37 23

33 24

29 23

29 22

29 29 26 23 22 19 14 10

Average max. and min. temperatures in C Precipitation totals in mm Source: IMD [show]Imperial conversion

Although Ranchi has a humid subtropical climate, its location and the forests surrounding it combine to produce the unusually pleasant climate for which it's known. Its climate is the primary reason why Ranchi was once the summer capital of the undivided State of Bihar and was designated a preferable "hill station". Summer temperatures range from 20 C to 42 degrees, winter temperatures from 0 C to 25 degrees. December and January are the coolest months, with temperatures dipping to the freezing point in some areas. The annual rainfall is about 1430 mm (56.34 inches). From June to September the rainfall is about 1,100 mm. The Kppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cwa"(Humid Subtropical Climate).[7]
[hide]Climate data for Ranchi Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
28.8 (83.8) 22.3 (72.1)

Month Average high C (F) Average low C (F) Precipitatio n mm (inches)

Jan

Feb

Sep

Oct

Nov
26.1 (79)

Dec

Year

23.2 25.4 31.4 35.5 36.9 33.3 29.4 (73.8) (77.7) (88.5) (95.9) (98.4) (91.9) (84.9) 9.9 12.3 16.9 21.2 23.4 23.6 22.6 (49.8) (54.1) (62.4) (70.2) (74.1) (74.5) (72.7)

29.0 28.7 (84.2) (83.7) 21.7 (71.1) 18.9 (66)

23.2 29.3 (73.8) (84.7)

14.1 10.1 18.1 (57.4) (50.2) (64.6)

21.8 24.4 22.8 27.3 59.6 250.9 341.9 341.3 266.2 80.2 14.4 11.9 1,462.8 (0.858 (0.961 (0.898 (1.075 (2.346 (9.878 (13.461 (13.437 (10.48 (3.157 (0.567 (0.469 (57.591 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Source: IMD

Demographics
As per latest 2011 India census,[8] Ranchi city has a population of 1,073,440,[9] making it the 37th largest urban city in India and third largest city in Jharkhand after Jamshedpur and Dhanbad. Males constitute 51.3% of the population and females 48.7%.Ranchi is the second most populous district of Jharkhand after dhanbad. Ranchi city has an average literacy rate of 87.68% (census 2011), higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 92.48%, and female literacy is 82.48%.[citation needed] In Ranchi, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.[citation needed] The city witnessed a sudden surge in population after the declaration of the new state of Jharkhand in 2000. Owing to the rising employment opportunities and opening of numerous regional and state level offices, banks, and FMCG companies, the city witnessed a rapid influx of employment seeking migrants. As per a study done by ASSOCHAM in late 2010, Ranchi was the highest employment generating Tier-III city in India with a share of 16.8%, followed by Mangalore and Mysore. [10]

Transport
Ranchi is well connected via Rail, Air and Road routes.

Railways
Main article: Ranchi Junction Ranchi is now well connected with major cities of India via rail routes and one of the most profitable station in South Eastern Railways. Ranchi Railway Station with station code RNC is main station of Ranchi. Apart from Ranchi station, there are few more stations in city namely, Hatia Station, Tatisilwai Station and Namkom Station. Many important trains start from Hatia station as well. 16 trains start, 16 trains end and 20 trains pass from Ranchi Railway station. It is well connected with metro and major cities of India like Jaipur, Bilaspur, New Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, Bhubaneswar, Bangalore, Vishakhapatnam, Vijaywada, Hyderabad, Guwahati, Patna, Amritsar, Nagpur, Gorakhpur, Pune, Raipur, Cuttack, Puri, Rourkela, Durg, Ajmer, Jamshedpur, Dhanbad, Jammu, Surat, etc.

Airways
Birsa Munda Airport (IXR) of Ranchi has direct flights from Patna, Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Pune, Chennai, Jammu, Goa and Kolkata. Few major airlines like Air India, GoAir, Indigo and Jet Airways serve this purpose. A new international terminal is now ready which is spread over 19,676 square metres of land, is furnished with the finest equipment imported from China, Germany and Singapore, and has the capacity to handle 500 domestic and 200 international passengers at a time. This terminal is having some ultra modern facilities.[11] Recently the annual Haj pilgrimage flights to Saudi Arabia have also started, serving the pilgrims from a temporary terminal. This service was aimed to reduce the burden on Kolkata Airport.

Roadways
NH 33 and NH 23 passes through Ranchi. Roads connecting major cities are providing movement for passenger and freight traffic. Buses of the Jharkhand State Road Transport Corporation and private buses ply regularly to connect Ranchi to the other parts of Jharkhand. Also, Bihar State Road Transport Corporation run regularly for major cities (Patna, Gaya, Purnea etc.) of Bihar. Regular bus services are there to Kolkata and other towns of neighboring states. Private buses also ply regularly to Jamshedpur, Siwan, Begusarai, Rourkela, Dumka, Varanasi, Khagaul, Hajipur, Patna and Kolkata. Luxury Mercedes buses are also available from Ranchi to Gaya and Patna. A new ring road is under construction around the city to reduce the growing traffic overload on the city roads. Three flyovers are coming up for smooth movement of traffic in busiest zones of the city. All major NH and other roads are being widened to six lanes or eight lanes. Bulk of the public transport constitute of auto rickshaw and cycle rickshaw. A city bus service under Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission was started in 2010 to meet the demands of public transport. There are a total of 150 city buses operating in Ranchi. The Jharkhand Tourism Development Corporation (JTDC) was given the responsibility of running the buses in Ranchi.

Healthcare
Ranchi is the healthcare hub not only for the people of Jharkhand but also for people of nearby states. Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) is one of the biggest and oldest hospitals of Ranchi. Government Hospitals like the Central Institute of Psychiatry (CIP) and RINPAS are famous throughout the country for Psychiatric treatment. Ranchi also has several private hospitals like Abdul Razaque Ansari Memorial Weavers Trust Hospital (an Apollo Hospital franchisee),Orchid Medical Centre, Rani Hospital, Nagarmal Modi Seva Sadan which is the oldest trust hospital in Ranchi. Other major hospitals include Guru Nanak Hospital, Sentevita Hospital,Raj Hospital,Aalam Hospital, ESI Hospital, HEC Hospital and Military Hospital, Namkom. An upgraded Sadar Hospital is also about to be inaugurated in the city centre.

Education
Higher Education Institutions

IIM Ranchi

XISS, Ranchi

Indian Institute of Management Ranchi, IIMR National University of Study and Research in Law, Ranchi (NUSRL) Institute Of Higher Studies & Management, Ranchi (IHSM) (www.ihsmranchi.in) Jain Aviation International (JAI), Ranchi (jainaviation.in) Usha Martin Academy (UMA), Ranchi Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), Mesra National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology (NIFFT) Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi (CUJ, Ranchi) Xavier Institute of Social Service (XISS) Birsa Agricultural University BIT, Lalpur Extension branch of BIT, Mesra-Management and MCA BCA Institute Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke Ranchi Institute of Neuro Psychiatry and Applied Sciences (RINPAS) Central Tasar Research & Training Institute (CTR&TI), Central Silk Board, Min. of Textiles, Govt. of India, Piska-Nagri, Ranchi Institute of Natural Resins and Gums (IINRG), Namkum Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Gharkhatanga International Institute of Fashion Technology (IIFT, Ranchi Center) Birsa Agriculture University(BAU),Kanke Institute Of Management Studies(IMS),Ranchi Mangalam Institute of Management (MIM), Ranchi

Colleges under Ranchi University affiliation

National Institute Foundry And Forge Technology Gossner College St. Xavier College Marwari College Ranchi College Women's College Nirmala College Yogada College

Doranda College S.S.Memorial College St. Paul College J.N College Maulana Azad Collage S.G.Memorial College R.L.S.Y College

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL

Sports
Ranchi is centre for numerous sports activities including cricket, hockey, football and many other.[12] 34th National Games were successfully held in Ranchi in February 2011. Some of major stadiums in Ranchi are:

JSCA International Cricket Stadium, Ranchi - Cricket Birsa Munda Athletics Stadium Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Athletics Shiekh Bhikhari Administrative Block, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Fencing, Karate- Do Veer Budhu Bhagat Aquatic Stadium, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi Aquatics Harivansh Tana Bhagat Indoor Stadium, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Volleyball, Basketball, Wrestling Astroturf Hockey Stadium, Morhabadi, Ranchi - Hockey (Men & Women) Birsa Munda Football Stadium, Morhabadi, Ranchi - Football (Men), Rugby 7s Thakur Vishwanath Shahdeo Indoor Stadium, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Wushu, Badminton, Table Tennis R. K. Anand Lawn Bowl Greens, Namkum, Ranchi - Lawn Bowls, Judo Ganpat Rai Indoor Stadium, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Taekwondo, Gymnastics, Handball Albert Ekka Stadium, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Kabbadi, Kho-Kho Sidho Kanhu Velodrome Stadium, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Cycling Tikait Umrao Shooting Range, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Shooting Tennis Stadium, Mega Sports Complex, Ranchi - Tennis

An International Cricket stadium with an indoor stadium and a practice ground has been constructed. This international stadium has so far hosted 2 International Match between India and England on 19 January 2013, and India vs Australia match on 23 October 2013.[13] Apart from that, this stadium has hosted two IPL 6 matches for KKR, 3 champions league 2013 matches and Celebrity Cricket League Matches for Bhojpuri Dabanggs. A Tennis Academy, which was inaugurated by Sania Mirza and Shoaib Malik, also runs besides the Cricket stadium.[14] Ranchi is among six cities in Hockey India League to be played in January 2013. Ranchi franchise was bought by Patel-Uniexcel Group and the team named Ranchi Rhinos.[15]

Media
Hindi, Bengali, Urdu and English newspapers are published from the city, including Dainik Jagran, Ananda Bazar Patrika, Dainik Bhaskar, Hindustan, Prabhat Khabar, Ranchi Express, Sunmarg, The Times of India, The Pioneer, The Telegraph, The Hindustan Times, The Economic Times and representations of national media houses like MiD-Day, Planman Media's magazines (The Sunday Indian, Business & Economy, The Human Factor, 4Ps etc.). TV programming is provided by regional news channels like Sahara Samay, ETV Bihar and Jharkhand, etc. There are several news channels like Naxatra News Hindi,[16] News 11, City News, Maurya TV, Taaza TV, Mahua News,Divine News etc. broadcast by local cable operators in city areas. Ranchi has a Doordarshan Kendra, which telecasts its own programs on National Network from 5 PM to 8 PM everyday. Ranchi has the following FM radio stations: (Listed in increasing order of frequency)

Radio Mantra : 91.9 FM Big FM : 92.7 FM AIR FM Rainbow 100.5 FM Vividh Bharati (All India Radio) : 103.3 FM. Radio Dhoom : 104.8 FM Radio Dhamaal 106.4 FM Radio Hariyali Birsa Agri University : 107.8

Festivals

Karma Manasa Puja http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribes_of_Jharkhand#Tusu_Parav_or_Makar Rath Yatra Sarhul Christmas Good Friday Durga Puja Deepawali Holi

Chhath Puja Ram Navami Id-ul fitr moharram Rakhi Guruparv Tusu parab

Shopping centre and entertainment points

Pantaloons Ranchi Ranchi is witnessing a boom in retail sector as there many malls functional in the city and many more are in the pipeline. Fast food giants like Dominos, Subway, KFC, Pizza hut[17] Dosa Plaza, Cafe Coffee Day (CCD), Moti Mahal Deluxe Restaurant[18] have their counters functional in the city and others are also opening their outlets sooner. GEL Church complex and Roshpa Tower are shopping points with many retails outlets and restaurants. Hi Street Mall, Eastern Mall(Pantaloons),[19] Reliance Mart, Big Bazaar, Bazaar Kolkata, Vishal Mega Mart, Reliance Fresh,[20] Reliance Trends, Reliance Footprint, Spring City Mall, galaxia mall are other shopping centres in Ranchi. Satya Paul Sarees and Gitanjali Lifestyle have already opened their outlets while West Side is coming up. Ranchi has 4 multiplexes namely

Eyelex-2 screens (Hinoo) Glitz Cinemas-3 screens (Hi Street Mall) Popkorn Cinemas-2 screens (The Galaxia Mall) Fun Cinemas-3 screens (Spring City Mall).[21]

Other single or double screen theater are Plaza, Meenaxi, Sujata, PopKorn Cinemas(Upahar Cinema Campus, Galaxia Mall, Ratu Road), Sainik Theater. Upcoming malls in Ranchi: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bansal Arcade[22] R Ali's Magnum Mall[23] Shopping mall by Jaishree Developers Galaxia Mall[24] Diamond Plaza[25]

Tourist attractions

Rock garden & Kanke dam(Gonda hills): Gonda Hill and Rock Garden is situated at a distance of about 4 km from Ranchi town on Ranchi Kanke Road. Rock Garden is carved out of the rocks of Gonda Hill and resembles its design to rock garden of Jaipur. At the base of the Hill is Kanke Dam.

Hundru Fall.

Hundru Falls:Hundru Fall is one of the most picturesque falls surrounding Ranchi. It is 45 km from Ranchi on Ranchi-Purulia Road. Here, the Subarnarekha river falls from a height of 320 feet. The pools at the bottom of the falls are favourite picnic and bathing spots.

Jonha Fall.

Jonha Falls:Jonha Falls is also known as Gautamdhara, is around 40 km from Ranchi. It is approachable by both Road and train. The fall can be admired by descending around 500 steps. There is a tourist rest house which contains Lord Buddha temple. The river Kanchi flows nearby. Panchghagh Falls:Panchghagh falls is on Ranchi-Chakradharpur Road about 6 km from Khunti. This fall consists of five streams formed in a row due to the breaking up of the Banai river which falls from a good height. Cemented walkways connect the different cataracts, of which stream 2 is the most popular while 5 is the biggest, though a bit inaccessible.

Dassam Falls:Dassam falls is 34 km from Ranchi on Ranchi-Tata Road near a village called Taimara. Here, the Kachni river falls from an altitude of 144 feet. It is also known as Dassam Gagh. Hirni Falls:Another beautiful waterfall amidst forests about 70 km from Ranchi.

Sita Fall.

Sita Fall:Adjacent to Jonha falls is Sita falls which can be seen at its best early in the morning. Pahari Mandir(Ranchi Hill):Ranchi Hill and Pahari Mandir is one of the landmark of Ranchi Town. The Shiva temple is situated on the top of the hill also known as Pahari Mandir. At the bottom of the hill is Ranchi Lake. Ranchi lake was excavated by Colonel Onsely in 1842. Deer Park(Khunti Road) Birsa Jaiwik Udyaan(ZOO): Birsa Jaivik Udyan is situated at a distance of 16 km from Ranchi in Ranchi Ramgarh Road near Ormanjhi. Many species of animals, trees and plants can be seen here. Dhurwa Dam Fun Castle, Ratu Road Sidhu Kanhu Park Zakir Hussain Park Nakshatra Van: Nakshatra Van is situated in the heart of the City. It is divided into various sections. There is a big circle in the center of the park which is divided into arcs. The tree that represents the particular nakshatras in the zodiac has been planted in each of the corresponding arcs. Tagore Hill: The Morhabadi Hill famous as Tagore Hill is an important tourist spot. The elder brother of Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore, Jyotirindranath Tagore has built a house(Shantidham) on the hill. It is known as Tagore Hill due to its association with tagore family. Rath yatra similar to Puri is held every year. Rukka Dam Muta Crocodile breeding centre: It is situated at a distance of 23 km from Ranchi on Ranchi Ramgarh Road near Ormanjhi. There are around 50 crocodiles. Ratu Fort Jharkhand War Memorial Ranchi Lake: Located at the base of Ranchi Hills is excavted in the year 1842. McCluskigunj: It is famous for European style bungalows and a tribal museum.

Tribal Research Institute and Museum: Located in Morhabadi. It shows tribal culture of Chotanagpur plateau.

Jagannathpur Temple

Jagannathpur Temple: It is 10 km apart from Ranchi town Jagannathpur temple was built in 1691 having resemblance with architectural style of Puri temple. Thakur Ani Nath Shahdeo, of Barkagarh Jagannathpur built the temple. Rath yatra similar to Puri is held every year. Sun Temple: It is situated at a distance of 40 km on Ranchi Tata Road. It is built in the form of a Chariot with 18 wheels drawn by 7 white horses. It is surrounded by a pond which is used by devotees during Chhath Puja for worshipping of Sun. Angrabari (Amreshwar Dham): It is a temple consisting of the deity of Lord Shiva, Ram and Sita, Hanuman and Ganesh. It is situated near Khunti at a distance of about 40 km from Ranchi. The Shankracharya Swami Swarupanand Saraswati, having been captivated by serene, placid and celestial beauty of Angrabadi rechristened it as Amreshwar Dham. Devri Temple: A temple of Solha Bhuji Goddess Durga, is located on right side RanchiTata highway(NH33) at 60 km from Ranchi. It is the only temple in Jharkhand where the religious rituals are performed by the Pahans(tribal priests) along with conventional Brahmins. GEL Church: Gossner Evangelical Lutheran Church in Chotanagpur, Assam in short G.E.L. Church on 2 November 1845 by four German Missionaries named Emil Schatz, Fredrik batsch, Augustus Brandt and E. Theodor Janke sent by Fr. Johaness Evangelista Gossner of Berlin. They arrived Ranchi and erected their tents and G.E.L. Church was inaugurated with church service on 2 November 1845. kanke dam krishna singh park