ME 5243: Final Project

Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2013

Thermodynamic Relations for a Cubic Equation of State






Submission by:
Jitin Samuel
Cenk Sarikaya








Equation Number 9 as given in the project statement.
The Patel-Teja Equation of state (Patel,Teja 1982) is given as

()

()()

The following parameters are used in the derivations in this project.
R = Molar gas constant
P = Pressure
P
r
= Reduced pressure
P
c
= Critical pressure
T = Temperature
T
r
= Reduced temperature
T
c
= Critical temperature
v = Specific volume
v
r =
Reduced specific volume
v
c
= Critical volume

= Specific volume of ideal gas

v
rf
= Reduced volume at liquid state
v
rg
= Reduced volume at gaseous state
Z = Compressibility factor
Z
r
= Reduced compressibility factor
Z
c
= Critical compressibility factor
= Specific enthalpy for real gas
specific internal energy for real gas
Specific entropy for real gas
Speed of sound
a) Constants ( a, b ,c )

.

=
()
(()())

()

= .

()

(()

())
(()())

= 0 =
(

)
(

)(

))

= 0 = .

(()

))
(

)(

))

b) Equation of state in reduced form

()

()()
(1)

(2)
() ()

) /

) /

) (

) )

) /

) /

) (

) )

)


c) Critical compressibility factor

0.86 (please see iterative solution)

Using,

= 0.006701

= -0.15739

= -1.03124

d) Equation of saturation curve

)
(

)
)

)
(

)
)

)
,

) (

)
(

)-

)
,(

) (

)
(

)

e) Reduced specific volumes of saturated liquid and vapor

)
(

)(

Substitute TR into equation for PR

)(

)
(

)


g) From PR-TR curve, deduce e, o
C


along the saturated curve,
R
ln P
R
B
A
T
=

At critical point P
R
=1 T
R
=1 & ln P
R
=0
R
ln P 0
0
1
R
B
A
T
B
A A B
= =
= =

R R
1 1
ln P (1 ) P (1 )
R R
A Exp A
T T
(
= =
(


R
2
1
(1 )
R R R
dP A
Exp A
dT T T
(
=
(


0
R
1
(1 )
1
R
cp
dP
AExp A Ae A
dT
|
(
= = =
|
(

.

)
For

= 1

A=0.983
(

) (

)


h) Departure enthalpy

[ (

( ) ( )

*
[

+



Departure entropy:

[(

,( ) -

[ (

)]

[ (

)]
Departure internal energy:

( )

*
[

*
[

+

i ) (f* - f)/RT
c
and (g* - g)/RT
c

()

()

() (3)

(() )

()

(() ) (4)

)
,

0.86

() ()

[

)
)+

)+0.0046687164( (1.53075

) (

/+.

( .

/+ .

/ ())

( .

/+.

/ () )
j) Speed Of Sound

For an ideal gas the speed of sound is expressed as kRT c = . It can be
shown that the speed of sound waves, c, is given by the formula :
s
P
c

| c
=
|
c
.

Tds = du + Pdv.
2
1/ (1/ ) v dv = =
2
P
Tds du d

=
For simpe compressibe substaces u u(P )
u u
du dp d
p

c c
= +
c c

2
u u P
Tds dp d d
p



| c c
= +
|
c c
.

ds=0 divide both side by d and find
s
P

| c
|
c
.

2
p
s
u P
P
u
P

| c
+
|
c
| c .
=
|
c c |
.
|
c
.

cos tan
v
u c T n t = +
v p v
P
u c C R c c
R
= + =
v
p v
c P
u C
c c
= +

1
1
P
u C
k
= +

1 1
1
u
p k

| c
=
|
c
.

1
1 2
u P
k
c
=
c

( 1)
s
P P P P
k k

| c
= + =
|
c
.

2
s
P P
c k kPv

| c
= = =
|
c
.

Given equation of state

()

()()

.

()

()
(()())

2
1/ / v d dv v = =
Isothermal speed of sound
2 2
T
T
P P
c k v k
v
c c
c c
| |
| |
= =
| |
\ .
\ .

( )

( )
(( ) ( ))

Refernce
1. N.C. Patel, A.S. Teja, Chem. Eng. Sci. 37 (1982) 463473