1

Proficiency Test

Tensile Test Steel
Flat Test Specimen
0808/0808a
TTSF 2008


Final Report

January, 31
th
2009





Institut fr Eignungsprfung GmbH
Daimlerstrae 8, D-45770 Marl




DAP-IS-3779.00




Organisation:
Prof. Dr.-Ing. H. Frenz; Head of inspection body
Dipl.-Ing. E. Krmer
Dipl.-Ing. C. Weimller
Dipl.-Ing. S. Wieler



Advisory Board:
Dr.-Ing. R. Landgrebe; MPA / TU Darmstadt
Dr. rer. nat C. Lehmann; DAP GmbH, Berlin
Dipl.-Ing. J. Triebel

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Table of contents
Page

1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 5
2 Programme ........................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Test procedure............................................................................................. 5
2.2 Participants................................................................................................... 6
2.3 Homogeneity testing..................................................................................... 6
3 Statistical Design............................................................................................... 6
3.1 Determination of assigned values and calculation of performance statistics 6
4 Results reference specimen............................................................................. 9
4.1 0,2 %-Proof strength R
p0,2
............................................................................ 9
4.2 Tensile strength R
m
...................................................................................... 9
4.3 Percentage elongation after fracture A....................................................... 10
4.4 r - Value (informative)................................................................................. 10
4.5 n - Value (informative) ................................................................................ 10
4.6 Youngs modulus E (informative)................................................................ 10
4.7 Determination of measurement uncertainty................................................ 11
4.7.1 Declaration of measurement uncertainty by the laboratories .........................11
4.7.2 Calculation of measurement uncertainty according to CWA 15261-2...........11
5 Results lab specimen...................................................................................... 13
5.1 0,2 %-Proof strength R
p0,2
.......................................................................... 13
5.2 Tensile strength R
m
.................................................................................... 14
5.3 Percentage elongation after fracture A....................................................... 14
5.4 r - Value (informative)................................................................................. 14
5.5 n - Value (informative) ................................................................................ 14
5.6 Youngs modulus E (informative)................................................................ 14
5.7 Determination of measurement uncertainty................................................ 15
6 Summary.......................................................................................................... 16
7 Literature.......................................................................................................... 18
8 Directory of participants................................................................................. 19
Appendix
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5
1 Introduction
In 2008, the Institut fr Eignungsprfung GmbH (IfEP) organised a proficiency test Tensile
Test Steel, Flat Test Specimen (TTSF 2008). The participation in this proficiency test was
open to all accredited and not accredited laboratories.
This proficiency test contributes to the development of a system which offers regularly
proficiency tests to the laboratories, to make a continuous monitoring of their technical
competence possible.
The inspection was carried out by Prof. Dr.Ing. Holger Frenz.
In the last years the determination of measurement uncertainty became an important topic in
laboratory work. The organisers act on this problem and present to the participants a general
survey of the currently valid models for calculation of the measurement uncertainty in
tensile testing.
2 Programme
2.1 Test procedure
This proficiency test TTSF 2008 is based on the test standard EN 10002-1 [1] and designed
according to ISO/IEC-Guide 43-1 [2].
The participants received six flat specimens (reference specimen) according to EN 10002-1 to
execute the tensile test according to EN 10002-1. The laboratories were free to choose a
testing rate according to EN 10002-1. It should be near to the parameter close to their daily
laboratory work. Additionally the participants could order a supplementary steel sheet to
machine six extra specimens (lab specimen) within their laboratory in order to evaluate their
influence of specimen preparation.
The following parameters had to be determined according to EN 10002-1 [1] within this
proficiency test:
Determination of proof strength R
p0,2
,
Determination of tensile strength R
m
,
Determination of percentage elongation after fracture A,
Determination of Youngs modulus E (informative only),
Determination of r- and n-values (informative only).

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6
2.2 Participants
62 laboratories located in 23 different countries (see table 1) participated in this proficiency
test, 59 of them stated results, three labs participated with two departments. 46 were
accredited based on EN ISO/IEC 17025 [3].
Table 1: Participants coming from the following countries
Argentina 1 Iran 1 Slovenia 3
Brazil 2 Italy 5 South Africa 1
Finland 1 Latvia 1 Spain 2
France 2 Portugal 3 Sweden 2
Germany 23 Republic Croatia 1 Switzerland 1
Great Britain 1 Romania 1 Thailand 1
Greece 2 Saudi-Arabia 1 Turkey 1
Hungary 1 Slovakia 2

2.3 Homogeneity testing
The homogeneity was tested by an accredited laboratory prior the start of the proficiency test.
Table 2 summarises the result.
Table 2: Results homogeneity testing
R
p0,2
R
m

Total mean x
170,2 MPa 318,1 MPa
Standard deviation between
results s
s

0,55 % 0,58 %

The specimens are sufficient homogeneous as the Parameter R
p0,2
and R
m
deviates less than
one percent within the homogeneity testing.

3 Statistical Design
The statistical method used for the evaluation of this proficiency test is based on
ISO 13528 [4] and ISO/IEC Guide 43-1 [2]. The rating of performance of a laboratory
depends on the deviation of the laboratories mean value MW
LAB
from the assigned value X.

3.1 Determination of assigned values and calculation of performance
statistics
The assigned value X is determined as a consensus value of the results of all participating
laboratories. It is calculated as a robust mean value. For each test parameter an assigned value
was calculated. The respective assigned value X is the median of all laboratories results
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7
MW
LAB
. The normalised interquartile range (nIQR) is used as standard deviation for the
proficiency assessment
$
s (nIQR)
nIQR = 0,7413 (Q3-Q1) (1)
75 % of all values are lower than Q3, 25 % of all values are lower than Q1. (Q3-Q1) is called
interquartile range (IQR).
The factor 0,7413 derives from the standard normal distribution, which has a mean of zero
and a standard deviation equal to one. The width (Q3-Q1) of the interquartile range of such a
distribution is 1,34898 and results to 1 / 1,34898 = 0,7413. Multiplying IQR by this factor
makes it comparable to a standard deviation [5].

The results of this proficiency test are assessed with the help of a Z-score that is calculated for
each laboratory and each test parameter according to equation (2):
s
-
=

X MW
Z
LAB
(2)
Tables 3 and 4, row 1 and 2 give a review of the respective assigned values X and standard
deviations for proficiency assessment s that were used in equation (2).
According to ISO/ IEC Guide 43-1 [2] the following judgements are made:
|Z| 2 satisfactory,
|Z| 3 unsatisfactory
2 < |Z| < 3 result questionable.
The respective thresholds can be taken from table 3 (reference specimen) and table 4 (lab
specimen). For a better view all results are rounded to the last digit.

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8
Table 3: Reference specimen:
Assigned values and standard deviations of proficiency test
R
p0,2
R
m
A
Test parameter
MPa MPa %
X 173,6 317,2 42,1
s 4,7 5,1 1,6
Z = -3 159,4 302,0 37,3
Z = -2 164,1 307,1 38,9
Z = 2 183,0 327,3 45,3
Z = 3 187,7 332,4 46,9

Table 4: Lab specimen:
Assigned values and standard deviations of proficiency test
R
p0,2
R
m
A
Test parameter
MPa MPa %
X 172,8 318,6 41,1
s 4,1 3,6 2,1
Z = -3 160,6 307,9 34,9
Z = -2 164,7 311,4 37,0
Z = 2 181,0 325,7 45,3
Z = 3 185,1 329,3 47,3

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9
4 Results reference specimen
The results of this proficiency test are summarised in table 5 to 7 and graphically presented in
appendix A.

4.1 0,2 %-Proof strength R
p0,2

58 laboratories reported results. Laboratories listed in table 5 achieved a (absolute) Z-score of
more than 2.
Table 5: 0,2 % Proof strength R
p0,2
: Deviation from the assigned value;
laboratories with questionable / unsatisfactory results
Lab.-Code Deviation in MPa Z-Score Assessment
67a -21,8 -4,6 X
67b -27,3 -5,8 X
153 18,5 3,9 X
180 15,9 3,4 X
263 -42,1 -8,9 X
70 9,7 2,1 O
78 -11,7 -2,5 O
159 10,9 2,3 O
184 13,6 2,9 O
O: questionable result X: unsatisfactory result
The results for this parameter are graphically presented in figure A1, appendix A.

4.2 Tensile strength R
m

59 laboratories reported results. Laboratories listed in table 6 achieved a (absolute) Z-score of
more than 2.
Table 6: Tensile strength R
m
: Deviation from the assigned value;
laboratories with questionable / unsatisfactory results
Lab.-Code Deviation in MPa Z-Score Assessment
67a -29,7 -5,9 X
67b -34,1 -6,7 X
153 16,2 3,2 X
263 -65,0 -12,8 X
78 -13,5 -2,7 O
212 14,8 2,9 O
O: questionable result X: unsatisfactory result
The results of this parameter are graphically presented in figure A2, appendix A.
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10

4.3 Percentage elongation after fracture A
59 laboratories reported results. Laboratories listed in table 7 achieved a (absolute) Z-score of
more than 2.
Table 7: Percentage elongation after fracture A: Deviation from the assigned value;
laboratories with questionable / unsatisfactory results
Lab.-Code Deviation in % Z-Score Assessment
147 -13,1 -8,2
X
238 22,3 13,9 X
67a 4,3 2,7 O
117 4,0 2,5 O
120 4,1 2,6 O
145 3,7 2,3 O
159 4,6 2,9 O
236 -4,2 -2,6 O
O: questionable result X: unsatisfactory result
The results for this parameter are graphically presented in figure A3, appendix A.

4.4 r - Value (informative)
This parameter was not assessed by the organizers, but asked and displayed for informational
purposes. 15 laboratories reported results. The results for this parameter are graphically
presented in figure A4, appendix A.

4.5 n - Value (informative)
This parameter was not assessed by the organizers, but asked and displayed for informational
purposes. 17 laboratories reported results. The results for this parameter are graphically
presented in figure A5, appendix A.

4.6 Youngs modulus E (informative)
49 laboratories stated a result. Because the determination of the Youngs modulus E is not
standardized in EN 10002-1 [1], the results were not assessed by the organizers, they are for
information only. The range of the results was 0,16 GPa to 185790 GPa. The results for this
parameter are graphically presented in figures A6, appendix A.

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11
4.7 Determination of measurement uncertainty
4.7.1 Declaration of measurement uncertainty by the laboratories
The participants were asked to declare their measurement uncertainty for their respective
measurements. Figures A7 to A12, appendix A, show the results. Table 8 gives a survey of
the mean values (calculated as a median) of the declared measurement uncertainties.
Table 8: Declaration of measurement uncertainty by the participants (mean values)
Test parameter R
p0,2
R
m
A r-values n-values E
% % % % % %
Median
measurement
uncertainty
2,0 1,3 1,7 2,0 2,0 3,5

4.7.2 Calculation of measurement uncertainty according to CWA 15261-2
Based on the formula given in CEN Workshop Agreement CWA 15261-2 [6] (continuation of
UNCERT Code of Practice No. 7 [7]) the medium measurement uncertainty of the parameter
tensile strength R
m
can be estimated.
The equation (3) for the medium measurement uncertainty U
Ges
is:
2 2 2
EP X i Ges
u u u k U + + =

(3)
With u
i
as the parameter calculated following CWA 15261-2 [6].
The measurement uncertainty (MU) for a stress measurement u
i
= u

for a single specimen is

calculated according to equation (4)
2
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
1
S F
u
S
F
u
S
u

- +

=
s

(4)
with
Cross-Sectional Area
0 0 0
S a b = g
(5)
MU of Cross-Sectional Area
0 0 0
2 2 2 2
S 0 a 0 b
u (b ) u (a ) u = (6)
MU of thickness measurement
0
a
0, 005mm
u 0, 00289mm
3
= =

(7)
MU of length measurement
0
b
0, 005mm
u 0, 00289mm
3
= =

(8)
Force at
B

0 B
S F s =

(9)
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12
MU of Force
3
F 01 , 0
u
F

=

(10)
Deviating from CWA 15261-2 [6] the estimation of the measurement uncertainty of the test
method bases on the mean value of each laboratory. The influence of within-laboratory
standard deviation is incorporated by the factor u
X
and calculated acc. to equation (11):
n
s
t u
X
=

(11)
with
Student-factor t = 1,14 for n=5 / 1,10 (n=6) (12)
Estimation of standard deviation s = Results of the proficiency test (13)

The measurement uncertainty of proficiency test uEP is calculated on the base of ISO 13528
[4] acc. to equation (14)
p
u
EP
s 25 , 1
=

(14)
with
s

=
Standard deviation for proficiency
assessment (compare Table 3)
(15)
p = Number of results (16)

Using k=2 for the calculation of U
Ges
following equation (3) results in a confidence level of
about 95 % [8].
Based on the formula given in CWA 15261-2 [6] the medium measurement uncertainty U
Ges

of the parameter percentage elongation at fracture A can be estimated for the test method
according to equation (3).
Following CWA 15261-2 [6] the measurement uncertainty (MU) u
i
= u
A
for a single specimen
(determination by hand) is calculated according to equation (17)
2
L
2
2
0
0 u
0
2
L 2
0
A
0 u
u
L
L L
L
1
u
L
1
u

-
- + =

(17)
with
MU of original gauge length L
0

3
005 , 0
0
0
L
u
L

=

(18)
MU of length at fracture L
u

3
005 0
u
L
L ,
u
U

=

(19)
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13
with
) 1 A 01 , 0 ( L L
0 u
+ =

(20)
with
A = Elongation at fracture
in %.


Deviating from CWA 15261-2 [6] the estimation of the measurement uncertainty of the test
method bases on the mean value of each laboratory. The measurement uncertainty from
within-laboratory standard deviation u
X
is calculated using equation (11). Using k=2 for the
calculation of U
Ges
following equation (3) results in a confidence level of about 95 % [8].
The measurement uncertainty of R
p0,2
can not be calculated according to CWA 15261-2 [6].
The needed data are too complex and were not evaluated. For stating an estimation of
measurement uncertainty the model for the uncertainty calculation following equation (3)
u
i
=u

is used and extended with the factor

0
L
u (equation (21)).
2 2 2 2
0 2 , 0
L EP X R
u u u u k U
p
+ + + =
s

(21)
The measurement uncertainty of original gauge length
0
L
u was calculated acc. to equation
(18). Using k=2 for the calculation of U
Rp0,2
following equation (21) results in a confidence
level of about 95 % [8].

5 Results lab specimen
The results of this proficiency test are summarised in table 9 to 10 and graphically presented
in appendix B.

5.1 0,2 %-Proof strength R
p0,2

18 laboratories reported results. Laboratories listed in table 9 achieved a (absolute) Z-score of
more than 2.
Table 9: 0,2 % Proof strength R
p0,2
: Deviation from the assigned value;
laboratories with questionable / unsatisfactory results
Lab.-Code Deviation in MPa Z-Score Assessment
180 19,0 4,7 X
40 -8,8 -2,2 O
O: questionable result X: unsatisfactory result
The results for this parameter are graphically presented in figure B1, appendix B.

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5.2 Tensile strength R
m

18 laboratories reported results. All laboratories achieved a (absolute) Z-score of less than 2
and have satisfactory participated in this part of the test. The results of this parameter are
graphically presented in figure B2, appendix B.

5.3 Percentage elongation after fracture A
18 laboratories reported results. Laboratories listed in table 10 achieved a (absolute) Z-score
of more than 2.
Table 10: Percentage elongation after fracture A: Deviation from the assigned value;
laboratories with questionable / unsatisfactory results
Lab.-Code Deviation in % Z-Score Assessment
147 -12,1 -5,8 X
236 -7,1 -3,4 X
O: questionable result X: unsatisfactory result
The results for this parameter are graphically presented in figure B3, appendix B.

5.4 r - Value (informative)
This parameter was not assessed by the organizers, but asked and displayed for informational
purposes. 7 laboratories reported results. The results for this parameter are graphically
presented in figure B4, appendix B.

5.5 n - Value (informative)
This parameter was not assessed by the organizers, but asked and displayed for informational
purposes. 9 laboratories reported results. The results for this parameter are graphically
presented in figure B5, appendix B.

5.6 Youngs modulus E (informative)
17 laboratories stated a result. Because the determination of the Youngs modulus E is not
standardized in EN 10002-1 [1], the results were not assessed by the organizers, they are for
information only. The range of the results was 120 GPa to 210 GPa. The results for this
parameter are graphically presented in figures B6, appendix B.

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5.7 Determination of measurement uncertainty
Equal to chapter 4.7 the participants were asked to declare their measurement uncertainty for
their respective measurements. Figures B7 to B12, appendix B, show the results. Table 11
gives a survey of the mean values (calculated as a median) of the declared measurement
uncertainties.
Table 11: Declaration of measurement uncertainty by the participants (mean values)
Test parameter R
p0,2
R
m
A r-values n-values E
% % % % % %
Median
measurement
uncertainty
2,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 2,0 2,3

The calculation of the measurement uncertainty of the single parameters was following
chapter 4.7.2 of this report. The results are graphically presented in annex B figure B13 to
B15.
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16
6 Summary
The proficiency test was organised for the measurement of three different parameters on the
criterion deviation from the assigned value.
Determination of proof strength R
p0,2
,
Determination of tensile strength R
m
,
Determination of percentage elongation after fracture A.

The determination of the Youngs modulus, n-values and r-values was not used for evaluation
purposes in the proficiency test.

The respective assigned values X and the respective values of the standard deviations for
proficiency assessment
$
s were calculated as a consensus value from the results of the
participating laboratories. Tables 12 and 13 give an overview of the arranged results.

Table 12: Reference specimen: Final score of proficiency test

No. of participants Results Z< 3
Determination of proof strength R
p0,2
58 91 %
Determination of tensile strength R
m
59 93 %
Determination of percentage
elongation after fracture A
59 97 %

Table 13: Lab specimen: Final score of proficiency test

No. of participants Results Z< 3
Determination of proof strength R
p0,2
18 94 %
Determination of tensile strength R
m
18 100 %
Determination of percentage
elongation after fracture A
18 89 %

Laboratories listed in table 14 and 15 achieved at least one questionable result. There is no
over-all assessment for this proficiency test; each result is assessed on its own.
Laboratories not listed in table 14 and 15 achieved a satisfactory result for all of their results.

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Table 14: Reference specimen: Laboratories reporting at least one questionable
result
Lab. No. R
p0,2
R
m
A
67a X X O
67b X X
70 O
78 O O
117 O
120 O
145 O
147 X
153 X X
159 O O
180 X
184 O
212 O
236 O
238 X
263 X X
O: questionable result X: unsatisfactory result

Table 15: Lab specimen: Laboratories reporting at least one questionable
result
Lab. No. R
p0,2
R
m
A
40 O
147 X
180 X
236 X
O: questionable result X: unsatisfactory result
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18
7 Literature

[1] EN 10002-1:2001, Metallic materials - tensile test - part 1: Method of testing at
ambient temperature. Beuth Verlag, Berlin, December 2001.

[2] ISO/IEC Guide 43-1:1997, Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory Comparisons.
International Organisation for Standardization, Genve, First Edition 1997.

[3] EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and
calibration laboratories trilingual version. Beuth Verlag, Berlin, April 2005.

[4] ISO 13528:2005 (E), Statistical methods for use in proficiency testing by
interlaboratory comparisons. International Organisation for Standardization, Genve,
September 2005.

[5] APLAC T002: Tensile Testing of Metal Proficiency Testing Program, Final Report,
Rhodes NSW, Australia 1997.

[6] CWA 15261-2:2005: Measurement uncertainties in mechanical tests on metallic
materials - Part 2: The evaluation of uncertainties in tensile testing, BSI British
Standards, London, 2005.

[7] UNCERT COP 7: 2000 - Gabauer, W., Manual of Codes of Practice for the
Determination of Uncertainties in Mechanical Tests on Metallic Materials, The
Determination of Uncertainties in Tensile Testing, Project, No. SMT4-CT97-2165,
Issue 1, September 2000.


[8] Frenz, H., Weimller, C.: Bewertung der Ergebnisse von Eignungsprfungen im
Prfwesen. In: Tagungsband VDI-Berichte Nr. 1867 Messunsicherheit praxisgerecht
bestimmen, Oberhof/Thringen 30.11.-01.12.2004, VDI Verlag, Dsseldorf 2004.

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19
8 Directory of participants
There is no relation between the code number and the position on the following list.
Announcement is based on a declaration of agreement of the laboratories. Five of the
participating laboratories did not want to be named in this table or did not make a clear
statement.
ABIMOTA Associao Nacional das Indstrias de
Duas Rodas, Ferragens, Mobilirio e Afins
gueda Portugal
ACRONI, d.o.o. Jesenice Slovenia
ALPILAB s.r.l. Buttigliera Alta (TO) Italy
ArcelorMittal Tubarao Serra - ES Brazil
AS&C s.n.c. Feletto Italy
Bentley Motors Limited Crewe, Cheshire Great Britain
Bodycote Materials Testing Karlskoga Sweden
Buderus Edelstahl GmbH Wetzlar Germany
Butting GmbH & Co. KG Knesebeck Germany
CENTRO ZARAGOZA Pedrola (Zaragoza) Spain
uro akovi - Centar za istrazivanje i razvoj
d.o.o.
Slavonski Brod Republic
Croatia
Fundacion Cetena (Cemitec) Noain-Navarra Spain
G J Steel Public Company Limited Chonburi Thailand
GMA-Werkstoffprfung GmbH Dsseldorf Germany
GMA-Werkstoffprfung GmbH Dortmund Germany
Hutchinson S.A. Centre de Recherche Chalette - Sur- Loing France
imq-Ingenieurbetrieb fr Materialprfung,
Qualittssicherung und Schweitechnik GmbH
Crimmitschau Germany
Ingenieurbro Odenthal GbR Overath Germany
Institut de Soudure Villepinte France
Institut fr Umformtechnik der mittelstndischen
Wirtschaft GmbH
Ldenscheid Germany
Institute Of Polymer Mechanics, University Of
Latvia
Riga Latvia
ISD DUNAFERR Danube Ironworks Private
Company Limited by Shares
Dunajvros Hungary
ISQ Instituto De Soldadura E Qualidade Porto Salvo Portugal
ISRIM Terni Italy
k-labor GmbH Bretten Germany
Laboratrio Nacional de Engenharia Civil Lisboa Portugal
Rautaruukki OYJ / Ruukki Raahe Finland
Razi Metallurgical Research Center Tehran Iran
Saarstahl AG Vlklingen Germany
Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH Salzgitter Germany
Sandvik P + P, ZN der Sandvik GmbH Werther Germany
Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) Jubail Industrial City Saudi-Arabia
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SC Nuclear NDT Research & Services SRL Bucharest Romania
Schweizerischer Verein fr Schweisstechnik, SVS Basel Switzerland
SIDERTEST SRL Castel San Giovanni
(Piacenza)
Italy
Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering
Institute
Ljubljana Slovenia
SLV Mannheim GmbH Mannheim Germany
SSAB Tunnplt AB Borlnge Sweden
TEC EUROLAB SRL Campogalliano (MO) Italy
Thyssen Krupp Nirosta GmbH Dsseldorf-Benrath Germany
ThyssenKrupp Steel AG Duisburg Germany
ThyssenKrupp Steel AG Duisburg Germany
TV Sd Industrie Service GmbH Mannheim Germany
U. S. Steel Koice, s.r.o. Koice Slovakia
Usinas Siderrgicas de Minas Gerais S/A -
Usiminas
Belo Horizonte (MG) Brazil
Volkswagen AG Wolfsburg Germany
Volkswagen Argentina S.A. General Pacheco,
Buenos Aires
Argentina
W.S. Werkstoff Service GmbH Essen Germany
Wehrwissenschaftliches Institut fr Werk-,
Explosiv- und Betriebsstoffe
Erding Germany
Werkstoffprfung Kunze GmbH Hagen Germany
Zwick GmbH & Co. KG Ulm-Einsingen Germany
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21

Appendix A


Reference specimen Figures Page

Proof strength R
p0.2
A1 A1

Tensile strength R
m
A2 A2

Percentage elongation at fracture A A3 A3

r Value (informative) A4 A4

n Value (informative) A5 A5

Youngs modulus E (informative) A6 A6

Measurement uncertainty stated by laboratories A7 A12 A7 A12

Calculated measurement uncertainty A13 - A13 A13 A15


Appendix B

Lab specimen Figures Page

Proof strength R
p0.2
B1 B1

Tensile strength R
m
B2 B2

Percentage elongation at fracture A B3 B3

r Value (informative) B4 B4

n Value (informative) B5 B5

Youngs modulus E (informative) B6 B6

Measurement uncertainty stated by laboratories B7 B12 B7 B12

Calculated measurement uncertainty B13 - B13 B13 B15





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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
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Lab263: 131,5 MPa, Lab 67b: 146,2 MPa

Bild/Figure A1: 0,2%-Dehngrenze; Mittelwert aller Laboratorien

0,2%-Proof strength; mean values of all laboratories
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Lab 67a: 288 MPa,
Lab 67b: 283 MPa
Lab 263: 252 MPa

Bild/Figure A2: Zugfestigkeit R
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; Mittelwerte Laboratorien
Tensile Strength R
m
; mean values of all laboratories
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Lab 147: 29 %
Lab 238: 64 %

Bild/Figure A3: Bruchdehnung A; Mittelwert aller Laboratorien
Percentage elongation at fracture A; mean values of all laboratories
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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
Median
Z = 3
Z = 2
Z = -3
Z = -2
Lab 26: 0,4

Bild/Figure A4: r - Wert
r - value
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Median
Z = 3
Z = 2
Z = -3
Z = -2

Bild/Figure A5: n - Wert
n - value


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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
Lab 153: 0,16 GPa, Lab 281: 18,22 GPa, Lab 67b: 73,53 GPa,
Lab 67a: 77,52 GPa, Lab 60: 93,17 GPa, Lab 219: 185790 GPa

Bild/Figure A6: E-Modul; Mittelwert aller Laboratorien
Youngs Modulus; mean values of all laboratories


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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
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Median

Bild/Figure A7: 0,2%-Dehngrenze; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit
0,2%-proof strength; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
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Median
Lab 203: 2-3 %

Bild/Figure A8: Zugfestigkeit; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit
tensile strength; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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b
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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
1,7 %
Median

Bild/Figure A9: Bruchdehnung; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit
Elongation after fracture; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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2,0

Bild/Figure A10: r-Werte; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit

r-values; estimation of measurement uncertainty

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2,0

Bild/Figure A11: n-Werte; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit

n-values; estimation of measurement uncertainty

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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
Median
3,5 %

Bild/Figure A12: E-Modul; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit

Youngs modulus; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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1,5%
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4,0%
4,5%
5,0%
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Bild/Figure A13: 0,2%-Dehngrenze; Berechnung der Messunsicherheit

0,2%-proof strength; calculation of measurement uncertainty


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1,2%
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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code

Bild/Figure A14: Zugfestigkeit; Berechnung der Messunsicherheit

Tensile tension, caculation of measurement uncertainty


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0,5%
0,7%
0,9%
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3
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Bild/Figure A15: Bruchdehnung; Berechnung der Messunsicherheit

Elongation after fracture; calculation of measurement uncertainty


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150,0
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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
Median
Z = 3
Z = 2
Z = -3
Z = -2

Bild/Figure B1: 0,2%-Dehngrenze; Mittelwert aller Laboratorien

0,2%-Proof strength; mean values of all laboratories
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300,0
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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
Median
Z = 3
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Z = -2

Bild/Figure B2: Zugfestigkeit R
m
; Mittelwerte Laboratorien
Tensile Strength R
m
; mean values of all laboratories
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32,0
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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
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Z = 3
Z = 2
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Lab 147: 29 %

Bild/Figure B3: Bruchdehnung A; Mittelwert aller Laboratorien
Percentage elongation at fracture A; mean values of all laboratories
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1,2
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Median
Z = 3
Z = 2
Z = -3
Z = -2
Lab 26: 0,4
Lab 74: 3,1

Bild/Figure B4: r - Wert
r - value
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0,17
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0,27
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Bild/Figure B5: n - Wert
n - value


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100,0
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Bild/Figure B6: E-Modul; Mittelwert aller Laboratorien
Youngs Modulus; mean values of all laboratories


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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
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Median

Bild/Figure B7: 0,2%-Dehngrenze; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit
0,2%-proof strength; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
1,5 %
Median

Bild/Figure B8: Zugfestigkeit; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit
tensile strength; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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Labor-Nr. / Laboratory Code
2,0 %
Median

Bild/Figure B9: Bruchdehnung; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit
Elongation after fracture; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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r-values; estimation of measurement uncertainty

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n-values; estimation of measurement uncertainty

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Bild/Figure B12: E-Modul; Schtzung der Messunsicherheit

Youngs modulus; estimation of measurement uncertainty


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Bild/Figure B13: 0,2%-Dehngrenze; Berechnung der Messunsicherheit

0,2%-proof strength; calculation of measurement uncertainty


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Tensile tension, caculation of measurement uncertainty


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Bild/Figure B15: Bruchdehnung; Berechnung der Messunsicherheit

Elongation after fracture; calculation of measurement uncertainty


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