Questions & Answers - Thickness Gauging Level 2

by Rolf Diederichs *
Acknowledgement: Before we made this Q&A we read the articles from: Focus on Thickness Measurement in UTonline 10/97
So you may do this also before you start or after you have failed :-)

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What is a possible velocity set-up error for a type of material, such as "steel" or
1
"stainless steel?"
a) 0,5%
b) 2,0%
c) 10,0%
2 Why are double crystal probes used for thickness gauging?
a) Good for corrosion gauging
b) Good for thin wall gauging
c) Good for thick wall gauging
d) Good for precision gauging
Temperature affects the indicated reading through four mechanisms; which one is the
3
main cause of error?
a) Speed of sound
b) True thickness of material
c) Electronics drift
d) Probe characteristics
4 What is the common clock frequency of precision thickness gauges?
a) 1 MHz
b) 10 MHz
c) 200 MHz
5 What can prevent the error which occurs when echo amplitude changes?
a) DSP Digital Signal Processing
b) AGC Automatic Gain Control
c) Zero crossing Method
6 Which is most accurate?
a) Direct contact with double crystal probe
b) Direct contact with delay line probe
c) Immersion
7 What provides the best minimum thickness resolution?
a) triggering between excitation pulse and first backwall echoes
b) triggering between interface echo and first backwall echoes
c) triggering between two successive backwall echoes
8 Thickness gauging can only be performed by known velocity
a) Yes
b) Methods exist that can measure with unknown velocity
 9 Manual thickness scanning requires
a) A-scan display
b) High-Low peak monitor or latch
An ultrasonic gauging measures pipe thickness and simultaneously the inner and outer
10
diameter. What are the benefits of that?
a) Accurate
b) Relative low System costs
c) All values measured at the same point

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Rolf Diederichs 1. Oct 1997, info@ndt.net.de