17li The Finial in Stone, and in Metal.

sideways, but also regularly to the front and back. Crocket-like ad-
ditions (comp. plate
116) clothe the stem, which usually takes the
form of an elongated four or eight-sided shaft. There may be one
or more tiers of crockets.
The Finial serves to decorate Spires, Pinnacles, Baldachins,
Tombs, &c., and is a specifically Gothic ornament. The most beautiful
forms are furnished by French Gothic, from which most of the il-
lustrations of our plate are taken.
Pi/ATE 111. The Finial: in Stone.
1. Modern Gothic.
2. Early Gothic, (Jacobsthal).
3. French Gothic, (Viollet-le-Duc).
4. Early Gothic, cathedral, Chartres, 13th century, (Musterorna-
mente).
5
6. Modern, (Viollet-le-Duc).
7. Modern, (Bosc).
The Finial in Metal. (Plate 112.)
In the artistic wrought-iron work of the Middle Ages, the Re-
nascence, and Modern times, we find charming Finials in the shape
of idealised flowers. These decorations are found on the tops of
Balaustrades, on the Gables over Doors, on Brackets and Chandeliers,
on the supports of Eain-spouts, on Wall-anchors, &c.
Leaves, volute-like spirals, bell-flowers, and ears, are arranged
round a central axis of iron; in many cases the centre is /ormed by
spindle-shaped spirals of wire.
Plate 112. The Finial: in Metal.
1. Corner of a Mediaeval Grill, (Viollet-le-Duc).
2. Part of a Grill, Toulouse cathedral, 15th century, (Viollet-le-Duc).
3. Termination of a Fountain, Cluny museiun, Paris, 15th century,
(L'art pour tous).
4. Part of a Spanish Trellis Gate, 14th century, (L'art pour tous).
5. Part of a Chancel Screen, minster, Freiburg, 16th century, (Schau-
insland).
6. Wrought-iron, 16th century, (Guichard).
7. Terminal, Bruges, 17th century, (Ysendyck, Documents classes
de l'art).
8. Modern, wrought-iron, Ihne & Stegmiiller, Berlin.
9. Modern, Post, by Ende & Bbeckmann, Berlin. (Gewerbehalle).
10. Wrought-iron Coronal, Limburg on the Lahn, 17th century,
(Kachel, Kunstgewerbliche Vorbilder).
11. Coronal, modern Gate, C. Zaar, Berlin.