MDE 1133

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND DEVELOPMENT

GROUP PROJECT CASE STUDY 3
BOUNDARYLESS ORGANIZATIONS
Lecturer: DR WAN NORMEZA
Gru! "e"#er$
FADZIL ADLY ISHAK
SYED IDRUS BIN SYED OMAR
SHAMSUDIN ABDUL MAJID
MD HANAFIAH NORDIN
MAZLAN MOHAMMED
MD KHAIRUL AMIZA
NUR NAZUHA MAHBOB
%ue$t&' 1 : I(e't&)* $"e ) t+e !r#,e"$ ,&-e,* t ccur &' . #u'(.r*,e$$ r/.'&0.t&'
,&-e Ne1$-, Gr2e$3 W+.t .re t+e .(2.'t./e$ ) #u'(.r*,e$$ r/.'&0.t&'$4
A primary problem ideni!y "i#in #e Ne"$%ool or&ani'aion i$( la)% o! e!!e)i*e
)omm+ni)aion be"een #e di*i$ion$, -#i$ i$ a ma.or problem #a )an be de*a$ain& o any
or&ani'aion, /oor )omm+ni)aion )an lead o bad plannin&, 0#i)# )an lead o #e !ollo"in&1
lo$ oppor+niie$( bein& o*era%en by #e )ompeiion( lo$$ o! re*en+e$( or "a)#in& i$ ni)#e
$lip a"ay be)a+$e o! a ne" e)#nolo&y( an aleraion in #e &lobal mar%epla)e( or $imply a
!ail+re o mar%e i$ prod+) e!!e)i*ely, 0#en )#an&e$ o))+r( #ey #appen oo 2+i)%ly !or i$
or&ani'aional pro)e$$e$ o mee #em, A$ a re$+l( oppor+niie$ are 2+i)%ly lo$( problem
$i+aion$ a%e o*er rapidly( and be!ore #e )ompany )an re$pond appropriaely( i #a$ lo$
)+$omer$( oppor+niie$( and mar%e $#are,
A di$ad*ana&e #a Ne"$%ool "o+ld #a*e o be a"are o! i$ #e po$$ibiliy o! do"n$i'in&,
Ne"$%ool i$ ryin& o &e #eir !ee "e in a ne" ind+$ry( and re*en+e i$ no &oin& o &enerae
li%e #ey are +$ed o, So di*i$ion$ #a are no addin& *al+e may need o be )+,
Cu,tur., I$$ue$ .'( C'),&ct
In #i$ bo+ndaryle$$ )ompany( #ead2+arer in Berlin( 3ermany( $r+)+re o+$o+r)in&
)ompany in Kie*( U%raine( mar%ein& in Lo$ An&ele$( $o many di!!eren employee$ "i#
di!!eren )+l+re$ are all )ollaborae "or%in& o&e#er o a)#ie*e or&ani'aional &oal$, Employee$
are al$o *ery di*er$e in *al+e$( per$onaliy( and "or% pre!eren)e$( "#i)# are deep4le*el di*er$iy,
Loo%in& a #e )on!li)$ in Ne"$%ool( li%e #e di!!i)+lie$ in de)i$ion4ma%in& and employee$
!i&#in& o do "#a #ey per)ei*e i$ beer )ompare o #e o#er$, I a%e$ ime !or #e )ompany o
)ome "i# one de)i$ion a$ all o! #e employee$ )an pari)ipae in de)i$ion4ma%in&, /eople #a
are $o di*er$e "ill $+&&e$ di!!eren $ol+ion$( re!le)in& #eir di!!eren )+l+re$, Maybe i "ill be
&ood o #a*e a proper di$)+$$ion in de)i$ion4ma%in&( and only !e" mana&er$ )an #a*e #e po"er
in ma%in& de)i$ion in #e di$)+$$ion, I i$ no a !+n)ion o! di!!eren ype$ o! "or% people #a*e o
per!orm, A$ people !rom di!!eren area$ or deparmen$ )an )onrib+e #eir opinion$ and idea$ in
#e $ame "or% #a re2+ire one de)i$ion,
S.t&$).ct&'
-ype$ o! people are li%ely o be $ai$!ied are )ompeen( an5io+$( empo"ered and open
people, -#i$ ba$ed on $el!4e!!i)a)y #eory1 #i$ #eory re!er$ o an indi*id+al6$ belie! #a #e or
$#e i$ )apable o! per!ormin& a$%, /eople "#o po$$e7$ $el!4e!!i)ien)y belie*e$ #a #ey are
)apable in be#a*in& in a "ay #a prod+)e #a o+)ome #ey "an,
In Ne"$%ool 3roo*e$( #eir employee$ are pari)ipan$ in de)i$ion4ma%in& and
inno*aion( and #ey are )reai*e and )ompeen people, Be)a+$e e)#nolo&y play$ a ma.or role
a$ a )omm+ni)aion medi+m in #e bo+ndaryle$$ or&ani'aion( m+)# "or% i$ done !rom a
di$an)e *ia e4mail( p#one( and !a5, Le$$ "or% i$ done in radiional !a)e4o4!a)e $ein&$, 8ir+al
)ollaboraion ma%e$ i ea$ier o +$e #e e5peri$e o! a broader ran&e o! indi*id+al$, 0i#
ele)omm+in&( inernaional employee$ are more ea$ily made a par o! all b+$ine$$ pro)e$$e$,
Employee$ o!en li%e #e !reedom #a bo+ndaryle$$ "or% o!!er$ #em( pari)+larly "i# *ir+al
eam$ and more !le5ible "or% plan$( arran&emen$( and $)#ed+le$,
Hu".' Re$urce$
One ype o! #+man re$o+r)e$ pra)i)e$ #a $#o+ld be implemened in #i$ $or o!
or&ani'aion i$ per!orman)e $im+laion e$$, 0#a beer "ay o !ind o+ "#e#er appli)an$ )an
do a .ob $+))e$$!+lly #an by #a*in& #em do i, -#i$ i$ pre)i$ely #e lo&i) o! per!orman)e
$im+laion e$$, -#e$e ype$ are more )ompli)aed b+ #e e$ #a*e #i&#er !a)e *alidiy "#i)#
mea$+re$ "#e#er appli)an$ per)ei*e #e mea$+re$ o be a))+rae, Emoional Sabiliy i$ a
$e)ond one !or #irin& people #e 9ompany "an$ a per$onaliy dimen$ion #a de$)ribe$ $omeone
"#o i$ re$pon$ible( dependable( per$i$en( and or&ani'ed,
From Bi& Fi*e rai$( #e $+iable +$e !or $ele)ion are openne$$ and )on$)ienio+$ne$$, In
openne$$ #e $+per*i$or )an in)rea$e learnin&( de*elop more )reai*iy( and !le5ibiliy, I )an
e!!e) #eir rainin& per!orman)e( en#an)ed leader$#ip and more adapable o )#an&e, -#e $e)ond
i$ )on$)ienio+$ne$$ rele*an i$ &reaer e!!or and per$i$en)e1 more dri*e and di$)ipline( and
beer or&ani'in& and plannin&, -#e e!!e)$ are i )an lead o #i&#er per!orman)e( en#an)ed
leader$#ip( and &reaer lon&e*iy,
Per)r".'ce Me.$ure
In o#er o deermine "#i)# ype o! per!orman)e mea$+re$ #a #e )ompany :mana&er(
3erd; "o+ld li%e o $ee !or ea)# o!!i)e( 3erd #a$ o analy'e $pe)ialy !or ea)# o!!i)e, In Kie*(
U%raine( i i$ !illed "i# o+$andin& pro&rammer$ "#o don6 re2+ire #e *ery #i&# rae$ o!
)ompen$aion, So #e )rieria o! per!orman)e #a need o e*al+ae in #i$ o!!i)e i$ abo+ #e
be#a*ior o! employee$, In mea$+red be#a*ior( #e )ompany i$ no limied o #o$e dire)ly
relaed o indi*id+al prod+)i*iy, 0ay$ o mea$+re be#a*ior are #elpin& o#er$( ma%in&
$+&&e$ion$ !or impro*emen$( and *ol+neerin& !or e5ra d+ie$, -#i$ i$ "#a ma%e "or% &ro+p$
and or&ani'aion$ more e!!e)i*e and o!en are in)orporaed ino e*al+aion$ o! employee
per!orman)e,
In #e Lo$ An&ele$ o!!i)e $in)e mea$+re$ "o+ld be ba$ed on mar%ein& e!!or( i i$ more
$+iable o apply #e indi*id+al a$% o+)ome$ )rieria be)a+$e #e mana&emen $#o+ld e*al+ae
an employee6$ a$% on o+)ome$ $+)# a$ 2+aliy prod+)ed( $)rap &eneraed( and )o$ per +ni o!
prod+)ion !or a plan mana&er or on o*erall $ale$ *ol+me in #e erriory( dollar in)rea$e in $ale$(
and n+mber o! ne" a))o+n$ e$abli$#ed !or a $ale$per$on, So #i$ )rierion i$ ba$i)ally
per!ormin& #e d+ie$ and re$pon$ibiliie$ #a )onrib+e o #e prod+)ion o! a &ood or $er*i)e
or o admini$rai*e a$%$ "#i)# are rele*an o #e mar%ein& !ield,
In #e 3erman o!!i)e( #e eam e5)el$ a de$i&n and prod+)ion a$%$, -#e mo$ $+iable
)rieria #a )an be +$ed o apprai$e #e per!orman)e o! #i$ o!!i)e i$ al$o be#a*ior pl+$ indi*id+al
a$% o+)ome$ o&e#er "i# #e rai, -#i$ )rierion i$ ba$ed on #e #a*in& a &ood ai+de(
$#o"in& )on!iden)e( bein& dependable( loo%in& b+$y( or po$$e$$in& a "eal# e5perien)e may or
may no be #i&#ly )orrelaed "i# po$ii*e a$% o+)ome$,
Sc&.,&0.t&' Pr/r."
Some o! #e o!!i)e$ in Ne"$%ool 3roo*e$ re2+ire a lo o! )reai*iy e!!or( $o i ma%e$
$en$e !or ea)# o!!i)e o )ome +p a "i# di!!eren ype o! $o)iali'aion pro&ram d+e o i$ di!!eren
$pe)iali'aion, For e5ample in #e Lo$ An&ele$ o!!i)e( #ey are re2+ired more )reai*iy o
de*elop idea$ !or mar%ein& #e prod+) )ompared o #e Kie* o!!i)e #a re2+ired more
independen)e o )arry o+ #e d+ie$ a$ pro&rammer$, So a #e end "e )o+ld $ee a di!!eren ype
o! a)i*iy "ill be e$abli$#ed a))ordin& o #e$e di!!eren o!!i)e$, Any a)i*iy "ill only rea)# i$
&oal$ ba$ed on #e "illin&ne$$ o! #e employee( $o #e )ooperaion and "illin&ne$$ by #e$e
employee$ i$ )on$idered an e$$enial #in& #a deermine$ "#e#er #e employee$ "an o
$+ppor and appro*e #i$ a)i*iy or o#er"i$e are a&ain$ i,
A$ menioned in #e abo*e $aemen( no all employee$ in all i$ lo)aion$ need e2+al
le*el$ o! )reai*iy be)a+$e di!!eren o!!i)e$ brin& di!!eren re$pon$ibiliie$, For e5ample$( #e
Kie* o!!i)e !o)+$in& on #e pro&rammin& d+ie$ "#i)# #a*e a di!!eren le*el o! )reai*iy
)ompared o #e Lo$ An&ele$ o!!i)e #a !o)+$ on mar%ein& and re2+ire a #i&#er le*el o!
)reai*iy,
%ue$t&' 5 : C'$&(er $"e ) t+e cu,tur., &$$ue$ t+.t 1&,, .))ect . c"!.'* !er.t&'/ &'
$uc+ (&))ere't !.rt$ ) t+e 1r,( .'( 1+$e e"!,*ee$ ".* 't #e re!re$e't.t&2e ) t+e
'.t&'., cu,ture$ ) e.c+ cu'tr*3 Are t+e c'),&ct$ *u #$er2e . )u'ct&' ) t+e (&))ere't
t*!e$ ) 1r- !e!,e +.2e t !er)r"4
In #i$ bo+ndaryle$$ )ompany( #ead2+arer in Berlin( 3ermany( $r+)+re o+$o+r)in&
)ompany in Kie*( U%raine( mar%ein& in Lo$ An&ele$( $o many di!!eren employee$ "i#
di!!eren )+l+re$ are all )ollaborae "or%in& o&e#er o a)#ie*e or&ani'aional &oal$, Employee$
are al$o *ery di*er$e in *al+e$( per$onaliy( and "or% pre!eren)e$ "#i)# are deep4le*el di*er$iy,
Some )+l+ral i$$+e$ #a are $en$ii*e "ill ri$e in #e "or%pla)e and )reae +nplea$an
#in&$ amon& employee$, Employee$ mi&# no be "or%in& o&e#er "ell a$ #ey "ill #a*e
!i&#in& in #e de)i$ion4ma%in&, A &ood re$ear)# in +nder$andin& *ario+$ biolo&i)al
)#ara)eri$i)$ li%e &ender( ra)e( e#ni)iy( a&e( or di$abiliy( "ill beer #e $+r!a)e4le*el
di*er$iy, Almo$ all employee$ are )reai*e and li%e o a))ep )#allen&e$, -#ere!ore( in #i$
$imilar per$onaliy and "or% pre!eren)e$( #ey $#o+ld be emp#a$i'ed in "or%in& "i# o#er$ a$ a
eam, -rainin& !or eam b+ildin& "i# di!!eren )+l+re$ people "ill be 2+ie imporan,
Loo%in& a #e )on!li)$ in Ne"$%ool( li%e #e di!!i)+lie$ in de)i$ion4ma%in& and
employee$ !i&#in& o do "#a #ey per)ei*e i$ beer )ompare o #e o#er$, I a%e$ ime !or #e
)ompany o )ome "i# one de)i$ion a$ all o! #e employee$ )an pari)ipae in de)i$ion4ma%in&,
/eople #a are $o di*er$e "ill $+&&e$ di!!eren $ol+ion$( re!le)in& #eir di!!eren )+l+re$,
Maybe i "ill be &ood o #a*e a proper di$)+$$ion in de)i$ion4ma%in&( and only !e" mana&er$
)an #a*e #e po"er in ma%in& de)i$ion in #e di$)+$$ion, I i$ no a !+n)ion o! di!!eren ype$ o!
"or% people #a*e o per!orm, A$ people !rom di!!eren area$ or deparmen$ )an )onrib+e #eir
opinion$ and idea$ in #e $ame "or% #a re2+ire one de)i$ion,
Ano#er )on!li) "ill be ine!!i)ien)y, Ye$( di!!eren people m+$ per!orm di!!eren a$%$ in
#eir or&ani'aion( b+ Ne"$%ool i$ bo+ndaryle$$, 0#en 3erd( #e !o+nder and #e 9EO doe$ no
$ai$!y( #e a$%$ #i$ employee$ o redo #e "or% a$%$, I "ill )a+$e a "a$e in re$o+r)e$ a$ 3erd
per)ei*e $ome#in& di!!erenly !rom #i$ di*er$e employee$, Someime$( i i$ &ood o #a*e
#ierar)#y a$ people )an %no" "#o o re!er( "#i)# deparmen o !+n)ion and $o on,
-#i$ )on!li) i$ a !+n)ion o! di!!eren ype$ o! "or% people #a*e o per!orm, -#e
employee$ #a are $omeime$ $o dominan and #in% #eir "or%$ are )orre)( re!+$e o li$en o
3erd and do #in&$ a))ordin& o #eir o"n "ay,
%ue$t&' 6: W+.t t*!e$ ) +u".' re$urce$ !r.ct&ce$ 'ee( t #e &"!,e"e'te( &' t+&$ $rt )
r/.'&0.t&'4 W+.t !r&'c&!,e$ ) $e,ect&' .'( +&r&'/ .re ,&-e,* t #e e))ect&2e4 W+&c+ B&/
7&2e tr.&t$ .'( .#&,&t&e$ "&/+t Ne1$-, $u!er2&$r 1.'t t u$e )r $e,ect&'4
One ype$ o! #+man re$o+r)e$ pra)i)e$ need o be implemened in #i$ $or o!
or&ani'aion are per!orman)e < $im+laion e$$ "#ere "#a beer "ay o !ind o+ "#e#er
appli)an$ )an do a .ob $+))e$$!+lly #an by #a*in& #em do i #e i$ pre)i$ely #e lo&i) o!
per!orman)e $im+laion e$$, -#e$e ype$ are more )ompli)aed b+ #e e$ #a*e #i&#er !a)e
*alidiy "#i)# mea$+re$ "#e#er appli)an$ per)ei*e #e mea$+re$ o be a))+rae, -#i$ ype7$ &e
o! or&ani'aion pop+lariy #a$ in)rea$ed, Or&ani'aion )an do !or #eir #+man re$o+r)e$ pra)i)e$
more be$ ba$ed +$in& are "or% $ample$ in or&ani'aion, 0or% $ample$ e$$ are #and$4on
$im+laion$ o! par #a appli)an$ !or ro+ine .ob$ m+$ per!orm, 0#en "e )an $ee !rom
Ne"$%ool 3roo*e$ o e$ and de$i&n #e )ompany7$ #ard"are prod+)$( employee apparenly
need$ o do more #an $end ea)# o#er )ode, A)+ally( #e or&ani'aion no ne)e$$ary a%e all
)ode only )#oo$e +$e $ample e$, -#i$ me#od more beer o mea$+re appli)an7$ %no"led&e(
$%ill$( and abiliie$ "i# more *alidiy #an "rien api+de and per$onaliy e$$, Ha*e a #ree
$ele)i*e o! #irin& are li%ely o be e!!e)i*e "#i)# are 9ore $el!4E*al+aion O! )o+r$e all
)ompany "an #eir employee %no" abo+ #i$ $el! "ea#er "ea%ne$$e$ or $ren&#, So( !or more
oo e!!i)ien in #e "or% #e "ill %no" !ir$ be!ore #e $ar$ #e a$%( be)a+$e #e "ill #in% abo+
#i$ $el! !ir$, Emoional Sabiliy i$ a $e)ond one !or #irin& people #e 9ompany "an$ a
per$onaliy dimen$ion #a de$)ribe$ $omeone "#o i$ re$pon$ible( dependable( per$i$en( and
or&ani'ed, I i$ be)a+$e !or ea$ier )ompany do #e "or% and #e )an #elp #e )ompany ma%e a
pro!i and ara) more )+$omer, -#ird i$ a )on!iden)e #e employee #a$ a &ood )on!iden)e le*el,
For e5ample( in iner*ie" #e )ompany )an p$y)#o #e employee !or %no" #e #im or #er
)on!iden, I! a iner*ie"( #e employee )anno #andle #im emoion #e )anno #andle many a$%
in one ime,
From Bi& Fi*e rai$( #e $+iable +$e !or $ele)ion are openne$$ and )on$)ienio+$ne$$, In
openne$$ #e $+per*i$or )an in)rea$ed learnin&( more )reai*e( and more !le5ible, I )an e!!e)
#eir rainin& per!orman)e( en#an)ed leader$#ip and more adapable o )#an&e, -#e $e)ond i$
)on$)ienio+$ne$$ rele*an i$ &reaer e!!or and per$i$en)e1 more dri*e and di$)ipline( and beer
or&ani'ed and plannin&, -#e e!!e)$ are i )an$ #i&#er per!orman)e( en#an)ed leader$#ip( and
&reaer lon&e*iy.
%ue$t&' 8 : W+.t -&'( ) !er)r".'ce "e.$ure$ "&/+t *u 1.'t t $ee )r e.c+ ))&ce4
Ne"$%ool 3roo*e$ i$ no" bein& #e bo+ndaryle$$ or&ani'aion #a !a)e$ )#allen&e$ o!
$o many "or%er$ #eadin& in $o many di!!eren dire)ion$, One e5ample o! )ompany #a applie$
bo+ndaryle$$ 3eneral Ele)ri) 9ompany pra)i)e$ =>?4de&ree per!orman)e apprai$al, So( #i$
)an be e5ample !or Ne"$%ool 3roo*e$ o apply #e =>?4de&ree per!orman)e apprai$al .+$ o
brea% do"n #e *eri)al bo+ndarie$, -#i$ ype o! per!orman)e e*al+aion i$ by relyin& on
!eedba)% !rom )o4"or%er$( )+$omer$( and $+bordinae$( #e$e or&ani'aion$ are #opin& o &i*e
e*eryone a $en$e o! pari)ipaion in #e re*ie" pro)e$$ and &ain more a))+rae readin&$ on
employee per!orman)e,
In o#er o deermine "#i)# ype o! per!orman)e mea$+re$ #a #e )ompany :mana&er(
3erd; "o+ld li%e o $ee !or ea)# o!!i)e( 3erd #a$ o analy'e $pe)iali'e !or ea)# o!!i)e, In Kie*(
U%raine o!!i)e( i i$ !illed "i# o+$andin& pro&rammer$ "#o don7 re2+ire #e *ery #i&# rae$ o!
)ompen$aion, So #e )rieria o! per!orman)e #a need o e*al+ae in #i$ o!!i)e i$ abo+ #e
be#a*ior o! employee$, E*en #o+&# "e may readily e*al+ae #e &ro+p member( mo$ o! #e
ime i i$ really di!!i)+l o ideni!y #e )onrib+ion o! ea)# &ro+p member, In mea$+red
be#a*ior( #e )ompany need no re2+ired bein& limied o #o$e dire)ly relaed o indi*id+al
prod+)i*iy( ano#er #in&$ in be#a*ior are #elpin& o#er$( ma%in& $+&&e$ion$ !or
impro*emen$( and *ol+neerin& !or e5ra d+ie$ ma%e "or% &ro+p$ and or&ani'aion$ more
e!!e)i*e and o!en are in)orporaed ino e*al+aion$ o! employee per!orman)e,
In Lo$ An&ele$( U,S o!!i)e #a ba$ed on mar%ein& e!!or( i i$ more $+iable o apply #e
indi*id+al a$% o+)ome$ )rieria be)a+$e #e mana&emen $#o+ld e*al+ae an employee7$ a$% on
o+)ome$ $+)# a$ 2+aliy prod+)ed( $)rap &eneraed( and )o$ per +ni o! prod+)ion !or a plan
mana&er or on o*erall $ale$ *ol+me in #e erriory( dollar in)rea$e in $ale$( and n+mber o! ne"
a))o+n$ e$abli$#ed !or a $ale$per$on, So( #i$ )rierion i$ ba$i)ally per!ormin& #e d+ie$ and
re$pon$ibiliie$ #a )onrib+e o #e prod+)ion o! a &ood or $er*i)e or o admini$rai*e a$%$
"#i)# rele*an o #e mar%ein& !ield,
In 3erman o!!i)e( #e eam e5)el$ a de$i&n and prod+)ion a$%$, -#e mo$ $+iable
)rieria #a )an be +$e o apprai$e #e per!orman)e o! #i$ o!!i)e i$ al$o be#a*ior pl+$ indi*id+al
a$% o+)ome$ o&e#er "i# #e rai, I i$ be)a+$e $in)e in de$i&nin& and prod+)in& a)i*iie$(
#e employee i$ in*ol*in& in #e almo$ all )o+n( be#a*ior and #+man7$ rai .+$ o a$$e$$ #e
.ob per!orman)e, In rai i i$ #e "ea%e$ )rieria b+ $ill implemen a$ one o! #e poin o
e*al+ae #e per!orman)e, -#i$ )rieria i$ ba$ed on #e #a*in& a &ood ai+de$( $#o"in&
)on!iden)e( bein& dependable( loo%in& b+$y( or po$$e$$in& a "eal# e5perien)e may or may no
be #i&#ly )orrelaed "i# po$ii*e a$% o+)ome$,
%ue$t&' 9@ H1 c.' c"!.'* e$t.#,&$+ . $c&.,&0.t&' !r/r." t+.t 1&,, ".:&"&0e
e"!,*ee cre.t&2&t* .'( &'(e!e'(e'ce4 D e"!,*ee$ &' .,, &t$ ,c.t&'$ 'ee( e;u., ,e2e,$
) cre.t&2&t*4
So)iali'aion i$ #e pro)e$$ by "#i)# #e per$on i$ $#aped by #i$ or #er en*ironmen, In
#i$ )a$e #e )ompany )an e$abli$# a $o)iali'aion pro&ram by analy'in& and #in%in& $ome
ara)i*e a)i*iie$ be!ore )arried i o+, -#e mana&er #im$el! )o+ld no brin& o+ &rea idea$
"i#o+ #a*in& brain$ormin& pro)e$$ "i# all 3erd Fin&er7$ proa)i*e and &ood employee$, So
by in*ol*in& #e employee$ )o+ld in)rea$e #e &rea idea in order o rea)# an ideal de)i$ion a #e
end, -#en( $ome o! #e o!!i)e$ in Ne"$%ool 3roo*e$ re2+ired a lo o! )reai*iy e!!or( $o i
ma%e$ ea$y !or ea)# o!!i)e o )ome "i# di!!eren ype o! $o)iali'aion pro&ram d+e o i$
di!!eren $pe)iali'aion( !or e5ample may be in Lo$ An&ele$ o!!i)e( #ey are re2+ired more
)reai*iy o #andle #e &rea "ay !or mar%ein& #e prod+) )ompare o #e Kei* o!!i)e$ #a
re2+ired more independen)e o )arry o+ #e d+ie$ a$ #e pro&rammer$( $o a #e end "e )o+ld
$ee di!!eren ype o! a)i*iy "ill be e$abli$#ed a))ordin& o #e$e di!!eren o!!i)e$, Any a)i*iy
"ill only rea)# i$ &oal$ by depend on #e "illin&ne$$ o! employee i$el!( $o #e )ooperaion and
"illin&ne$$ by #e$e employee$ )on$idered a$ e$$enial #in& #a deermine ei#er #e employee
"an o $+ppor and appro*e #i$ a)i*iy or o#er"i$e a&ain$ i, O#er #an #a( #e mana&er
$#o+ld )on$idered almo$ all a$pe)$ in or&ani'aion( in)l+din& #e )o$ o )arry o+ #e a)i*iy( i
i$ no really an ea$y #in&$ o ma%e a balan)ed a)i*iy #a re2+ired ideal )reai*iy and
independen)e "i#o+ loo%in& #e )o$ #a "ill be in)+rred !or $+)# +npro!iable a)i*iie$
o"ard )+$omer,
In )on)l+$ion( #e e$$enial #in& #a $#o+ld be a%en be!ore e$abli$# #e$e )reai*e and
independen)e a)i*iie$ are by ma%in& a brain$ormin& and )#oo$e #e be$ idea$ amon& all
employee$( le ea)# o!!i)e brin& o+ di!!eren ype o! a)i*iy be)a+$e #e$e o!!i)e are no $#arin&
#e $ame $pe)iali'e$( #en #e )ooperai*e and "illin&ne$$ o! #e member$ in or&ani'aion i$
really *ial in order o e$abli$# #i$ ideal a)i*iy, O#er #an #a( #e )o$ !a)or "ill be in)l+ded
be!ore ma%in& any de)i$ion "#i)# "ill be a!!e)ed #e !inan)ial le*el o! )ompany,
A$ menion in abo*e $aemen( no all employee$ in all i$ lo)aion$ need e2+al le*el$ o!
)reai*iy be)a+$e di!!eren o!!i)e$ brin& di!!eren re$pon$ibiliie$( !or e5ample$( #e Kie* o!!i)e$
!o)+$in& on #e pro&rammin& d+ie$ "#i)# oally #a*e di!!eren le*el o! )reai*iy )ompare o
U,S O!!i)e$ #a !o)+$in& on mar%ein& de!iniely re2+ired #i&#er le*el o! )reai*iy )ompare o
#e pre*io+$ one, B+ i #a$ #e po$$ibiliy o #a*e #e $ame le*el o! )reai*iy !or di!!eren
lo)aion$ d+e o i$ 2+ie $imilar d+ie$ #a #ey are )arried o+( !or e5ample( #e 3erman and
U,S O!!i)e$ pro*ide 2+ie $ame le*el o! )reai*iy be)a+$e bo# o!!i)e$ !o)+$in& o #e mar%ein&
and prod+)in& #a #a*e $ame *ie" +nder #e b+$ine$$ per$pe)i*e, B+ di!!eren indi*id+al al$o
#a$ di!!eren le*el o! )reai*iy( !or e5ample #e people "#o "or%ed a$ #e e5e)+i*e mar%ein&
re2+ired more )reai*iy $%ill$ in order o mar%e i$ )ompany prod+) )ompare o #e per$on "#o
"or%ed a$ #e &eneral )ler% "#o )onrib+e only o prepare #e e5 #a already !ormaed o do
$o "i#o+ addin& any )reai*e elemen .+$ o ma%e i more ara)i*e i$ oally !orbidden, So #e
real an$"er !or #i$ )on!+$in& 2+e$ion i$ .+$ depend on #e d+ie$ and $pe)iali'aion !or ea)#
di!!eren indi*id+al and deparmen .+$ o deermine #e le*el o! )reai*iy prod+)ed,