PROCEDURE

General Start-up Procedure

1. A quick inspection is performed to make sure that the equipment is in a proper
working condition.
2. All valves are initially closed except V1 and V2.
3. Hot water tank is filled up via a water supply hose connected to valve V27. The valve
is closed once the tank is full.
4. The cold water tank is filled up by opening V28, and the valve opened is left for
continuous water supply.
5. A drain hose is connected to the cold water drain point.
6. The main power is switched on. Switch on the heater for
7. The water temperature in the hot water tank is allowed to reach the set point.
8. The equipment is now ready to be run the experiment.
General Shut-down Procedures
1. Heater is switched off. The hot water temperate is waited until temperature drops
below 40 C
2. Pump P1 and pump P2 are switched off.
3. The main power is switched off.
4. All water in the process lines are drained off. Water in the hot and cold water tanks
are retain for next laboratory session.
5. All the valves are closed.

Experiment A : Counter-Current Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger.

1.
2.
3.
4.

General start-up procedures are performed.

The valves are switched to counter-current Shell& Tube Heat exchanger arrangement.
Pumps P1 and P2 are switched on.
Valves V3 and V14 are opened and adjusted to obtain the desired flowrates for hot
water and cold water streams, respectively.
5. The system is allowed to reach steady state for 10 minutes.
6. FT1, FT2, TT1, TT3, and TT4 are recorded.
7. Pressure drop measurements are recorded for shell-side and tube-side for pressure
drop studies.
8. Steps 4 to 7 are repeated for different combinantions of flowrate FT1 and FT2 as in
the result sheet.
9. Pumps P1 and P2 are switched off after the completion of experiment.
10. The next experiment is proceeded.

Experiment B : Co Current Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger.

1.
2.
3.
4.

General start-up procedures are performed.

The valves are switched to counter-current Shell& Tube Heat exchanger arrangement.
Pumps P1 and P2 are switched on.
The valves are switched to counter current and bleed the air with high water flowrate
if there is air trap in the shell side. The valves are then switched position back to cocurrent position.
5. Valves V3 and V14 are opened and adjusted to obtain the desired flowrates for hot
water and cold water streams, respectively.
6. The system is allowed to reach steady state for 10 minutes.
7. FT1, FT2, TT1, TT3, and TT4 are recorded.
8. Pressure drop measurements are recorded for shell-side and tube-side for pressure
drop studies.
9. Steps 5 to 8 are repeated for different combinantions of flowrate FT1 and FT2 as in
the result sheet.
10. Pumps P1 and P2 are switched off after the completion of experiment.
11. The next experiment is then stopped and shut down procedure is proceeded.

RESULTS:
EXPERIMENT 1 : COUNTER-CURRENT SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

FT1 (LPM) FT2 (LPM)

TT1 ( C)

TT2 ( C)

TT3 ( C)

TT4 ( C)

DPT1
DPT2
(mm H2O) (mm H2O)

10.0
10.0

2.0
4.0

42.9
37.4

28.8
29.2

47.4
46.6

48.9
49.0

36
53

122
125

10.0

6.0

35.6

29.6

46.0

49.1

95

127

10.0

8.0

34.7

29.9

45.2

49.3

148

131

10.0

10.0

34.3

30.4

45.1

49.3

190

128

FT1 (LPM) FT2 (LPM)

TT1 ( C)

TT2 ( C)

TT3 ( C)

TT4 ( C)

DPT1
DPT2
(mm H2O) (mm H2O)

2.0
4.0

10.0
10.0

32.0
32.6

30.6
30.5

37.2
43.6

49.3
49.3

194
194

5
5

6.0

10.0

33.3

30.5

44.7

49.8

193

8.0

10.0

34.0

30.6

45.0

49.2

194

55

10.0

10.0

34.6

30.7

45.1

49.3

191

128

EXPERIMENT 2 : CO -CURRENT SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

FT1 (LPM) FT2 (LPM)

TT1 ( C)

TT2 ( C)

TT3 ( C)

TT4 ( C)

DPT1
DPT2
(mm H2O) (mm H2O)

10.0
10.0

2.0
4.0

31.1
31.2

38.7
36.5

47.6
46.9

49.3
49.5

39
3

125
124

10.0

6.0

31.0

35.1

46.2

48.8

126

10.0

8.0

30.9

34.7

45.7

48.8

127

10.0

10.0

31.0

34.3

45.9

49.0

125

FT1 (LPM) FT2 (LPM)

TT1 ( C)

TT2 ( C)

TT3 ( C)

TT4 ( C)

DPT1
DPT2
(mm H2O) (mm H2O)

2.0
4.0

10.0
10.0

30.9
30.9

32.2
32.7

40.1
44.3

48.9
49.1

5
5

2
17

6.0

10.0

30.9

33.4

44.7

48.9

47

8.0

10.0

31.0

34.0

45.2

49.4

84

10.0

10.0

31.0

34.4

45.6

49.4

122