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All About Paper

Definitions:
Basis Weight
The basis weight of a paper is the designated fixed weight of 500 sheets, measured in pounds, in that
paper's basic sheet size. It is important to note that the "basic sheet size" is not the samefor all types of
paper.
Caliper
Caliper refers to the thickness of a sheet of paper expressed in thousandth of an inch. This measurement
is taken with a micro meter. Normally, paper caliper should not have more than a + or - 5% variance
within a sheet. Generally, the relation between caliper and basis weight ....the greater the caliper (the
thicker the paper), the greater the paper weight.
Equivalent Weight
While different paper types have different basic sizes, papers can still be compared by using equivalent
weight.

Basis Weight ("Category") Table

Type Paper
"Bond"
Ledger
Mimeo
Duplicator
Rag Paper

Basic Size - 500 Sheets

17" x 22"

"Offset"
Book
Text
25" x 38"
Coated Paper
"Cover"
"Tag Stock"
"Index"

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20" x 26"
24" x 36"
25-1/2" x 30-1/2"

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The Values in the table below are intended to serve as a guide only. They should not be used as specifications
because there are variances within the same basis weight due to other characteristics of the papers. Similar
weight papers may vary between different paper manufacturers.

---Bond Offset Cover Tag Index Points *Caliper millimeters

Ledger Text
-(inches)
--

Metric
(grams/sq meter)

Equivalent 16

40

22

37 33

3.2

.0032

0.081

60.2 gsm

Weight

18

45

24

41 37

3.6

.0036

0.092

67.72 gsm

20

50

28

46 42

3.8

.0038

0.097

75.2 gsm

24

60

33

56 50

4.8

.0048

0.12

90.3 gsm

28

70

39

64 58

5.8

.0058

0.147

105.35 gsm

29

73

40

62 60

.0060

0.152

109.11 gsm

31

81

45

73 66

6.1

.0061

0.155

116.63 gsm

35

90

48

80 74

6.2

.0062

0.157

131.68 gsm

36

90

50

82 75

6.8

.0068

0.173

135.45 gsm

39

100

54

90 81

7.2

.0072

0.183

146.73 gsm

40

100

56

93 83

7.3

.0073

0.185

150.5 gsm

43

110

60

100 90

7.4

.0074

0.188

161.78 gsm

44

110

61

102 92

7.6

.0076

0.193

165.55 gsm

47

120

65

108 97

.0078

0.198

176.83 gsm

53

135

74

122 110

.0085

0.216

199.41 gsm

54

137

75

125 113

.009

0.229

203.17 gsm

58

146

80

134 120

9.5

.0092

0.234

218.22 gsm

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65

165

90

150 135

10

.0095

0.241

244.56 gsm

67

170

93

156 140

10.5

.010

0.25

252.08 gsm

72

183

100

166 150

11

.011

0.289

270.9 gsm

76

192

105

175 158

13

.013

0.33

285.95 gsm

82

208

114

189 170

14

.014

0.356

308.52 gsm

87

220

120

200 180

15

.015

0.38

312 gsm

105

267

146

244 220

18

.0175

0.445

385.06 gsm

The darker colored boxes above represent the "most common paper weights" for that category.
Normal paper manufacturing tolerance within a paper production run is + or - 5% to 7% caliper

Bond

Offset

Cover Tag Index

Points

*Caliper
(inches)

millimeters

Metric
(grams
/sq meter)

16

40

22

37

33

3.2

.0032

0.081

60.2 gsm

18

45

24

41

37

3.6

.0036

0.092

67.72 gsm

20

50

28

46

42

3.8

.0038

0.097

75.2 gsm

24

60

33

56

50

4.8

.0048

0.12

90.3 gsm

28

70

39

64

58

5.8

.0058

0.147

105.35 gsm

29

73

40

62

60

.0060

0.152

109.11 gsm

31

81

45

73

66

6.1

.0061

0.155

116.63 gsm

35

90

48

80

74

6.2

.0062

0.157

131.68 gsm

36

90

50

82

75

6.8

.0068

0.173

135.45 gsm

39

100

54

90

81

7.2

.0072

0.183

146.73 gsm

40

100

56

93

83

7.3

.0073

0.185

150.5 gsm

43

110

60

100 90

7.4

.0074

0.188

161.78 gsm

44

110

61

102 92

7.6

.0076

0.193

165.55 gsm

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47

120

65

108 97

.0078

0.198

176.83 gsm

53

135

74

122 110

.0085

0.216

199.41 gsm

54

137

75

125 113

.009

0.229

203.17 gsm

58

146

80

134 120

9.5

.0092

0.234

218.22 gsm

65

165

90

150 135

10

.0095

0.241

244.56 gsm

67

170

93

156 140

10.5

.010

0.25

252.08 gsm

72

183

100

166 150

11

.011

0.289

270.9 gsm

76

192

105

175 158

13

.013

0.33

285.95 gsm

82

208

114

189 170

14

.014

0.356

308.52 gsm

87

220

120

200 180

15

.015

0.38

312 gsm

88

223

130

203 200

16

.016

.40

330 gsm

105

267

146

244 220

18

.0175

0.445

385.06 gsm

Bond

Offset

Cover Tag Index

Points

*Caliper
(inches)

millimeters

Metric
(grams
/sq meter)

The paper industry offers abundant resources, but sometimes the wealth of paper stocks and weights can be
daunting. For example, paper composition and sheet size can cause some cover stocks to have very different
weights in grams per square meter (g/sm). To avoid confusion when using varying weight paper stocks, consult
this chart of equivalent weights.

International Metric Paper Sizes - ISO Standard

SIZE

WIDTH (mm)

HEIGHT (mm)

WIDTH (in.)

HEIGHT(in.)

A0

841 mm

1,189 mm

33.11 in.

46.81 in.

A1

594 mm

841 mm

23.39 in.

33.11 in.

A2

420 mm

594 mm

16.54 in.

23.39 in.

A3

297 mm

420 mm

11.69 in.

16.54 in.

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A4

210 mm

297 mm

8.27 in.

11.69 in.

A5

148 mm

210 mm

5.83 in.

8.27 in.

A6

105 mm

148 mm

4.13 in.

5.83 in.

A7

74 mm

105 mm

2.91 in.

4.13 in.

B0

1,028 mm

1,456 mm

40.48 in.

57.32 in.

B1

707 mm

1,000 mm

28.66 in.

40.48 in.

B2

514 mm

728 mm

20.24 in.

28.66

B3

364 mm

514 mm

14.33 in.

20.24 in.

B4

257 mm

364 mm

10.12 in.

14.33 in.

B5

182 mm

257 mm

7.17 in.

10.12 in.

B6

128 mm

182 mm

5.04 in.

7.17 in.

HELPFUL GUIDELINES for PAPER USAGE

Prior to use, paper should be allowed to acclimate at least 48 Hours in the environment in which it will
be used.
Optimum storage facility would retain temperatures between 70-80 degrees F with 50% relative
humidity.
Before loading paper, fan the sheets on all four sides.
This creates a small layer of air between the sheets which should help printer feeding mechanisms.
Do Not Stack Materials such as Designer Gold, Designer Silver, Super Color Gloss, Super Color Photo,
Super Color Photo Cards, Super Color Shrink. Feed into printer one sheet at a time.
Load Materials according to the instructions in the printer owner's manual.
Recommended feeding is generally to use the manual feed tray, or the straightest path through the
printer.
Upon Completion, the unused material should be stored in a closed package, re-sealed and stored flat.

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Additional Definitions of Standard Paper Terminology and Abbreviations
Bond

Uncoated "plain" paper - free from impurities.

Also referred to as "free sheet."

Recycled

Paper manufactured from the waste paper stream.

All Micro Format recycled products contain a minimum of
100% recycled material including 40% post consumer waste

Waste Paper
Stream

Waste paper created during the paper manufacturing process

Post Consumer
Waste

Processed Paper that has been re-used in manufacturing new paper

products

Carbonless

Paper coated with special encapsulated chemicals that produce

a duplicate copy without the use of carbon paper

Thermal

A paper coated with special chemicals that produce

an image when heat is applied

Groundwood

A low cost paper that contains unprocessed wood fibers.

Symbol "#"

"pound" - used to describe paper weight

Symbol "M"

Meter - 1 meter=39.37 inches

Symbol "mm"

Millimeter - 1 inch=25.4 millimeters

Symbol "sc"

Self Contained Paper

paper that can be imaged in a printer without the use of a ribbon

Symbol "cb"

Coated Back - Carbonless Paper (part 1)

Symbol "cfb"

Coated Front and Back - Carbonless Paper

internal part in a multipul part form

Symbol "cf"

Coated Front - Carbonless Paper (last part in set)

Symbol "sccb"

Self Contained sheet with carbonless coating on back

normally used as part one in a multi part set in an impact printer
using no ribbon

Symbol "sccb/cf"

Carbonless set - Self Contained Coated Back Sheet Part 1

Coated Front Sheet Part 2

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Symbol "w"

Paper Color - White

Symbol "c"

Paper Color - Canary

Symbol "p"

Paper Color - Pink

Symbol "g"

Paper Color - Green

Symbol "b"

Paper Color - Blue

Reference Charts for Common Envelope Sizes

Commercial / Official
Sizes
( Commercial Flap;
unless noted)
No.

Inches

Millimeters

6 1/4

3 1/2 x 6

89 x 152

6 3/4

3 5/8 x 6 1/2

92 x 165

3 3/4 x 6 3/4

95 x 171

Monarch (pointed Flap)

3 7/8 x 7 1/2

98 x 191

8 5/8

3 5/8 x 8 5/8

92 x 219

3 7/8 x 8 7/8

98 x 225

10 (also Square Flap)

4 1/8 x 9 1/2

105 x 241

11 (also Square Flap)

4 1/2 x 10 3/8

114 x 264

12 (also Square Flap)

4 3/4 x 11

121 x 279

14 (also Square Flap)

5 x 11 1/2

127 x 292

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Booklet (Wallet
Flap)
No.

Inches

Millimeters

4 3/4 x 6 1/2

121 x 165

5 1/2 x 8 1/8

140 x 206

5 3/4 x 8 7/8

146 x 225

6 1/2

6x9

152 x 229

6 5/8

6 x 9 1/2

152 x 241

6 3/4

6 1/2 x 9 1/2

165 x 241

7 1/4

7 x 10

178 x 254

7 1/2

7 1/2 x 10 1/2

191 x 267

8 3/4 x 11 1/2

222 x 292

9 1/2

9 x 12

229 x 305

10

9 1/2 x 12 5/8

241 x 321

13

10 x 13

254 x 330

No.

Inches

Millimeters

6 1/4

3 1/2 x 6

89 x 152

6 3/4

3 5/8 x 6 1/2

92 x 165

Window
(Commercial
Flap)

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7

3 3/4 x 6 3/4

95 x 171

Monarch

3 7/8 x 7 1/2

98 x 191

8 5/8

3 5/8 x 8 5/8

92 x 219

3 7/8 x 8 7/8

98 x 225

10

4 1/8 x 9 1/2

105 x 241

11

4 1/2 x 10 3/8

114 x 264

12

4 3/4 x 11

121 x 279

14

5 x 11 1/2

127 x 292

No.

Inches

Millimeters

A-2

4 3/8 x 5 3/4

111 x 146

A-6

4 3/4 x 6 1/2

121 x 165

A-7

5 1/4 x 7 1/4

133 x 184

A-8

5 1/2 x 8 1/8

140 x 206

A-9

5 3/4 x 8 3/4

A-10

6 x 9 1/2

152 x 241

Slimline

3 7/8 x 8 7/8

98 x 225

No.

Inches

Millimeters

3 5/8 x 5 1/8

92 x 130

4 1/8 x 5 1/2

105 x 140

Announcement
(Square Flap)

Baronial (Pointed
Flap)

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5 1/2

4 3/8 x 5 3/4

111 x 146

4 3/4 x 6 1/2

121 x 165

Lee

5 1/4 x 7 1/4

133 x 184

BASIS WEIGHT
USA EQUIVALENT PAPER WEIGHTS
In reams of 500 sheets, Basis weight in Bold type
Grade of
Paper

Book

Bond

Grammag CALIP CALI

e
ER
PER

Bond

Cover

Bristol

25 X 38

17 X 22

20 X 26

221/2X281/ 25 1/2 X 30 24 X
2
1/2
36

24 X
36

g/m2

30

12

16

20

25

27

27

44

40

16

22

27

33

36

36

59

0.0032 0.081

45

18

25

30

37

41

41

67

0.0036 0.092

50

20

27

34

41

45

45

74

0.0038 0.097

60

24

33

41

49

55

55

89

0.0048 0.120

70

28

38

47

57

64

64

104

0.0058 0.147

80

31

44

54

65

73

73

118

0.0061 0.155

90

35

49

61

74

82

82

133

0.0062 0.157

100

39

55

68

82

91

91

148

0.0072 0.183

120

47

66

81

98

109

109

178

0.0078 0.198

33

13

18

22

27

30

30

49

41

16

22

27

33

37

37

61

0.0032 0.081

51

20

28

34

42

46

46

75

0.0038 0.097

61

24

33

41

50

55

56

90

0.0048 0.120

71

28

39

48

58

65

64

105

0.0058 0.147

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Index

NewsTAG
print

Book

Inch

mm

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Cover

81

32

45

55

67

74

74

120

91

36

50

62

75

83

83

135

0.0068 0.173

102

40

56

69

83

92

93

151

0.0073 0.185

91

36

50

62

75

83

82

135

00.068 0.173

110

43

60

74

90

100

100

163

0.0074 0.188

119

47

65

80

97

108

108

176

0.0078 0.198

146

58

80

99

120

134

134

216

0.0092 0.234

164

65

90

111

135

149

149

243

0.0095 0.241

183

72

100

123

150

166

166

271

0.0110 0.289

201

79

110

136

165

183

183

298

238

94

130

160

194

216

216

352

292

115

160

197

239

266

266

433

39

54

67

81

90

90

147

119

47

65

80

97

108

108

176

148

58

81

100

121

135

135

219

178

70

97

120

146

162

162

263

207

82

114

140

170

189

189

307

237

93

130

160

194

216

216

351

110

43

60

74

90

100

100

163

0.0074 0.188

135

53

74

91

110

122

122

203

0.0085 0.216

170

67

93

115

140

156

156

252

0.0100 0250

208

82

114

140

170

189

186

328

0.0140 0.356

269

106

147

181

220

244

244

398

24

10

13

16

20

22

22

36

31

12

17

21

25

28

28

46

33

13

18

22

27

30

30

49

35

14

19

24

29

32

32

52

Vellum Bristol 99

Index

News-print

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TAG

37

15

20

25

31

34

34

55

39

15

21

26

32

35

35

57

110

43

60

74

90

100

100

163

0.0074 0.188

137

54

75

93

113

125

125

203

0.0090 0.229

165

65

90

111

135

150

150

244

0.0095 0.241

192

76

105

130

158

175

175

284

0.0130 0.330

220

87

120

148

180

200

200

326

0.0150 0.380

275

109

151

186

225

250

250

407

330

130

181

227

270

300

300

488

To use the Weight Conversion tool, please select a Type of Paper from the pull down menu, then enter a value in pounds and hit calculate. To reverse
the calculation simply select "gsm->lbs" and enter a gsm value.

web site link: http://www.paperonweb.com/basis.htm

North American Paper Sizes

Loose sizes
Current standard sizes of U.S. and Canadian paper are a subset of the traditional sizes referred to below.
"Letter", "legal", "ledger", and "tabloid" are by far the most commonly used of these for everyday activities.
The origins of the exact dimensions of "letter" size paper (8 in 11 in, 215.9 mm 279.4 mm) are lost in
tradition and not well documented. The American Forest and Paper Association argues that the dimension
originates from the days of manual paper making, and that the 11 inch length of the page is about a quarter of
"the average maximum stretch of an experienced vatman's arms."[1] However, this does not explain the width
or aspect ratio. Outside of North America, Letter size is also known as "American Quarto".[
North American paper sizes
Size

in in

mm mm

Letter

8.5 11

216 279

Legal

8.5 14

216 356

Junior Legal

8.0 5.0

203 127

Ledger[3]

17 11

432 279

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Tabloid

11 17

279 432

There is an additional paper size, to which the name "government-letter" was given by the IEEE Printer
Working Group: the 8 in 10 in (203.2 mm 266.7 mm) paper that is used in the United States and Canada
for children's writing. It was prescribed by Herbert Hoover when he was Secretary of Commerce to be used for
U.S. government forms, apparently to enable discounts from the purchase of paper for schools. In later years, as
photocopy machines proliferated, citizens wanted to make photocopies of the forms, but the machines did not
generally have this size paper in their bins. Ronald Reagan therefore had the U.S. government switch to regular
letter size (8 in 11 in).[citation needed] The 8 in 10 in size is still commonly used in spiral-bound
notebooks and the like.
U.S. paper sizes are currently standard in the United States, the Philippines and Chile. The latter two use U.S.
"letter", but the Philippine and Chilean "legal" size is 8 in 13 in (215.9 mm 330.2 mm).[4] ISO sizes are
available, but not widely used, in both the U.S. and the Philippines.
In Canada, U.S. paper sizes are a de facto standard. The government, however, uses a combination of ISO paper
sizes, and CAN 2-9.60M "Paper Sizes for Correspondence" specifies P1 through P6 paper sizes, which are the
U.S. paper sizes rounded to the nearest 5 mm.[5]
Mexico has adopted the ISO standard, but U.S. "letter" format is still the system in use throughout the country.
It is virtually impossible to encounter ISO standard papers in day-to-day uses, with "Carta 216 mm 279 mm"
(letter), "Oficio 216 mm 340 mm" (legal) and "Doble carta" (ledger/tabloid) being nearly universal. U.S. sizes
are also widespread and in common use in Colombia [1]. This is the most common paper size in Costa Rica.[
ANSI paper sizes

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With care, documents can be prepared so that the text and images fit on either ANSI or their equivalent ISO
sheets at 1:1 reproduction scale.
Name

in in

mm mm

Ratio

Alias

Similar ISO A size

ANSI A 8 11

216 279

1.2941

Letter

A4

17 11
11 17

432 279
279 432

1.5455

Ledger
Tabloid

A3

ANSI C 17 22

432 559

1.2941

A2

ANSI D 22 34

559 864

1.5455

A1

ANSI E 34 44

864 1118

1.2941

A0

ANSI B

Other, larger sizes continuing the alphabetic series illustrated above exist, but it should be noted that they are
not part of the series per se, because they do not exhibit the same aspect ratios. For example, Engineering F size
(28 in 40 in, 711.2 mm 1016.0 mm) also exists, but is rarely encountered, as are G, H, N size drawings.
G size is 22 in (571.5 mm) high, but variable width up to 90 in (2286 mm) in increments of 8 in, i.e., roll
format. H and larger letter sizes are also roll formats. Such sheets were at one time used for full-scale layouts of
aircraft parts, wiring harnesses and the like, but today are generally not needed, due to widespread use of
computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM).

Architectural sizes
In addition to the ANSI system as listed above, there is a corresponding series of paper sizes used for
architectural purposes. This system has also been adapted by the entertainment industry for the purposes of
entertainment drafting. This series also shares the property that bisecting each size produces two of the size
below.[6] It may be preferred by North American architects because the aspect ratios (4:3 and 3:2) are ratios of
small integers, unlike their ANSI (or ISO) counterparts. Furthermore, the aspect ratio 4:3 matches the traditional
aspect ratio for computer displays.[6] The architectural series, usually abbreviated "Arch", is shown below:
Name

in in

mm mm

Ratio

Arch A

9 12

229 305

3:4

Arch B

12 18

305 457

2:3

Arch C

18 24

457 610

3:4

Arch D

24 36

610 914

2:3

Arch E

36 48

914 1219

3:4

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Arch E1

30 42

762 1067

5:7

Arch E2

26 x 38

660 x 965

13:19

Arch E3 27 x 39

686 x 991

9:13

/wiki/File:ANSI_size_illustration.svg
/wiki/File:ANSI_size_illustration.svg /wiki/File:ANSI_size_illustration.svgA size chart illustrating the ANSI
sizes.
In 1995, the American National Standards Institute adopted ANSI/ASME Y14.1 which defined a regular series
of paper sizes based upon the de facto standard 8 in 11 in "letter" size which it assigned "ANSI A". This
series also includes "ledger"/"tabloid" as "ANSI B". This series is somewhat similar to the ISO standard in that
cutting a sheet in half would produce two sheets of the next smaller size. Unlike the ISO standard, however, the
arbitrary aspect ratio forces this series to have two alternating aspect ratios. The ANSI series is shown below.
With care, documents can be prepared so that the text and images fit on either ANSI or their equivalent ISO
sheets at 1:1 reproduction scale.

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Other sizes
Name
Organizer J
Compact
Organizer L, Statement, Half Letter, Memo,
Jepps*

in in
2.75 5

mm mm Ratio dot x dot

70 127

~1.814
2

4.25 6.75 108 171 1.5833

5.5 8.5

140 216 1.54

~1.448
3

Executive, Monarch

7.25 10.5 184 267

Government-Letter

8 10.5

203 267 1.3125

Foolscap, Folio[3]

8.27 13

210 330 1.625

Letter, Organizer M

8.5 11

216 279

Fanfold 12x8.5, German Std Fanfold

8.5 12

216 304 1.047

Government-Legal, Folio

8.5 13

216 330

~1.529
4

Legal, Monarch?

8.5 14

216 356

~1.606
7

9 11

229 279 1.2

Quarto
US Std Fanfold

11 14.875 279 377

~1.294
1

~1.351 792
3
1071

Ledger, Tabloid, Organizer K, Bible

11 17

279 432 1.54

Super-B

13 19

330 483

~1.461
5

15.5 19.5 394 489

~1.258
1

Post
Crown
Large Post
Demy

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15 20

381 508 1.3

16.5 21

419 533 1.27

17.5 22.5 445 572

612 864

~1.285
7

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Medium

18 23

457 584 1.27

Broadsheet

18 24

457 610 1.3

Royal

20 25

508 635 1.25

Elephant

23 28

584 711

22.5 35

572 889 1.5

35 45

889
1143

Double Demy
Quad Demy

~1.217
4

~1.285
7

Index and business cards

Name

in in

mm mm

Ratio

Index card

35

76 127

1.6

Index card

46

102 152

1.5

Index card

58

127 203

1.6

2 3.37

53.98 85.6

1.586

2 3.5

51 89

1.75

Japanese business card

~2.165 ~3.583

55 91

~1.65

Hungarian business card

~1.969 ~3.543

50 90

1.8

International business card *

US business card

* This is the same size as the smallest rectangle containing a credit card. However, credit card size, as defined
in ISO/IEC 7810, also specifies rounded corners and thickness.
Photograph sizes
Name
2R
LD, DSC
3R, L
LW

in in

mm mm

Ratio

2.5 3.5

64 89

1.4

35

76 127

1.6

3.5 4.67

89 119

1.3 (4:3)

3.5 5

89 127

~1.4286

3.5 5.25

89 133

1.5 (3:2)

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4 5.33

102 136

1.3 (4:3)

46

102 152

1.5 (3:2)

127 169

1.3 (4:3)

57

127 178

1.4

2LW

5 7.5

127 190

1.5 (3:2)

8R, 6P

8 10

203 254

1.25

S8R, 6PW

8 12

203 305

1.5 (3:2)

11R

11 14

279 356

1.27

KGD
4R, KG

2LD, DSCW 5 6.67

5R, 2L

Postcard size limitations

Dimension

Minimum (inch)

Maximum (inch)

Height

3.5

4.25

Width

5.0

6.0

0.007

0.016

Thickness

Tablet sizes
The sizes listed above are for paper sold loosely in reams. There are many sizes of tablets of paper, that is,
sheets of paper kept from flying around by being bound at one edge, usually by a strip of plastic or hardened
PVA adhesive. Often there is a pad of cardboard (also known as chipboard or greyboard) at the bottom of the
stack. Such a tablet serves as a portable writing surface, and the sheets often have lines printed on them, usually
in blue, to make writing in a line easier. An older means of binding is to have the sheets stapled to the cardboard
along the top of the tablet; there is a line of perforated holes across every page just below the top edge from
which any page may be torn off. Lastly, a pad of sheets each weakly stuck with adhesive to the sheet below,
trademarked as "Post-It" or "Stick-Em" and available in various sizes, serve as a sort of tablet.
"Letter pads" are 8 by 11 inches, while the term "legal pad" is often used by laymen to refer to pads of various
sizes including those of 8 by 14 inches. There are "steno pads" (used by stenographers) of 6 by 9 inches.
In countries where the ISO sizes are standard, most notebooks and tablets are sized to ISO specifications (for
example, most newsagents in Australia stock A4 and A3 tablets).

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