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Source:SuccessfulProjectManagement,FourthEdition,JackGidoandJamesP.

Clements
TheEffectiveProjectTeam
Aprojectteamismorethanagroupofindividualsassignedtoworkononeproject.Aprojectteamisa
groupofinterdependentindividualsworkingcooperativelytoachievetheprojectobjective.Helping
theseindividualsdevelopandgrowintoacohesive,effectiveteamtakeseffortonthepartoftheproject
managerandeachmemberoftheprojectteam.Theeffectivenessorlackthereofoftheprojectteam
canmakethedifferencebetweenprojectsuccessandprojectfailure.Althoughplansandproject
managementtechniquesarenecessary,itisthepeopletheprojectmanagerandprojectteamthat
arethekeytoprojectsuccess;projectsuccessrequiresaneffectiveprojectteam.
Characteristicsassociatedwitheffectiveprojectteamsinclude
aclearunderstandingoftheprojectobjective
clearexpectationsofeachpersonsroleandresponsibilities
aresultsorientation
ahighdegreeofcooperationandcollaboration
ahighleveloftrust
ACLEARUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEPROJECTOBJECTIVE
Thescope,levelofquality,budget,andschedulemustbewelldefinedforaprojectteamtobeeffective.
Iftheprojectobjectiveistobeachieved,eachteammembermusthavethesamevisionoftheproject
resultandthebenefitsitwillprovide.
CLEAREXPECTATIONSOFEACHPERSONSROLEANDRESPONSIBILITIES
Membersofaneffectiveteamknowhowtheirworkmustfittogether,becausetheyparticipatedin
developingtheprojectplans.Teammembersappreciateeachothersexpertise,skills,andcontributions
toachievingtheprojectobjective.Eachpersonacceptsresponsibilityforcarryingoutherorhispartof
theproject.
ARESULTSORIENTATION
Eachpersononaneffectiveprojectteamhasastrongcommitmenttoachievingtheprojectobjective.
Bysettingagoodexample,theprojectmanagersetsthetonefortheenergylevel.Teammembersare
enthusiasticandwillingtospendthetimeandenergynecessarytosucceed.Forexample,individuals
arewillingtoworkextrahoursorweekendsorskipluncheswhennecessaryinordertokeeptheproject
ontrack.
AHIGHDEGREEOFCOOPERATIONANDCOLLABORATION

Open,frank,andtimelycommunicationisthenormonaneffectiveprojectteam.Membersreadily
shareinformation,ideas,andfeelings.Theyarenotshyaboutaskingothermembersforhelp.Team
membersactasresourcesforeachother,beyondjustdoingtheirassignedtasks.Theywanttoseeother
memberssucceedintheirtasksandarewillingtohelpandsupportthemiftheyarestuckorfaltering.
Theygiveandacceptfeedbackandconstructivecriticism.Becauseofthiscooperation,theteamis
creativeinproblemsolvingandtimelyindecisionmaking.
AHIGHLEVELOFTRUST
Membersofaneffectiveteamunderstandinterdependencyandacceptthateveryoneontheteamis
importanttoprojectsuccess.Eachmembercancountontheothermemberstodowhattheysaythey
willdoandattheexpectedlevelofquality.Thereisasharedsenseoftrust.Teammemberscarefor
andaboutoneanother.Becausedifferencesareaccepted,membersfeelfreetobethemselves.
Differencesofopinionareencouraged,freelyexpressed,andrespected.Individualsareabletoraise
issuesthatmayresultindisagreementorconflictwithoutconcernaboutretribution.Effectiveproject
teamsresolveconflictthroughconstructiveandtimelyfeedbackandpositiveconfrontationofthe
issues.Disagreementisnotsuppressed;rather,itisseenasnormalandasanopportunityforgrowth
andlearning.
Figurebelowisachecklistforratingtheeffectivenessofaprojectteam.Itisrecommendedthatteam
memberscompletethisassessmentinstrumentperiodicallyduringtheproject.Afterthescoresofall
teammembershavebeensummarized,theteam,includingtheprojectmanager,shoulddiscusshowto
improveinanyareasthatwereratedlow.

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