LOADS EVALUATION

Permanent loads
the load given by the roofing including battens and rafters:

gp 500

N
2

Snow load
35
Sok 2

( 35 )
0.611 rad
180

kN
2

m
ce 1
ct 0.95
1 0.8

2 0.8 0.8

30

1.733
3

Sk1 Sok 1 ce ct 1.52 10 Pa

Sk2 0.5 Sok 1 ce ct 760 Pa
3

Sk3 Sok 2 ce ct 3.293 10 Pa

Wind load
qref 0.5

kN
2

2.35

I ( x)

0.4

2.5 ln

I ( 10) 0.292
cg 1 3.5 2 0.303 3.121
2

ctw 1

10.27 0.51

0.4

cr 0.22 ln

Sk Sk3

ce cg cr ctw 1.591

The coefficient cp is negative so that on the roff side

directly exposed to the wind action there is sucction having as
direct effect the derease of loads acting on the frame system.
For heavy weight roofs this effect is not taken into account.

cp 0.86
w qref ce cp 684.188 Pa

Live load
P 1000

N
m

RAFTERS DESIGN
Permanent loads
d1 0.8m
br 15 cm
l2 4.25m

hr 15 cm

d2 3.5m
cos ( r) 0.819
sin ( r) 0.574
n 1
g_pc gp n d1 400

kg
2

g_pcn g_pc cos ( r) 327.661

kg
2

s
Snow load

3 kg
2

gzc Sk3 d1 2.635 10

3 kg
2

qzn gzc cos ( r) 1.768 10

Wind load is not taken into account since is suction

Live load
3 kg
2

Pnc P n 1 10

kg
s
Pncc Pnc cos ( r) 819.152
2
s
Loading hypothesis

3 kg
2

q1 1.35 g_pcn 1.5 qzn 3.094 10

3 kg
2

q2 1.35 g_pcn 1.05 qzn 2.299 10

3 kg
2

q3 1.35 g_pcn 1.5 Pncc 1.05 qzn 3.527 10

3 kg
2

q4 1.35 g_pcn 1.5 qzn 1.05 Pncc 3.954 10

Bending moments computation

2

M1

q1 l2
3
6.986 10 J
8

M2

q2 l2
3
5.19 10 J
8

M3

q3 l2
3
7.964 10 J
8

M4

q4 l2
3
8.928 10 J
8

Mmax M4 8.928 10 J

Strengt check

W br

( hr)
6

0.563 L

0.55 gp 0.65 Sk3

0.64
( gp Sk3)

Ric 21.68

N
mm

mti 0.9

obtained by interpolation between 2 values of

surgace treated and fireproofed wood

4

Mr Ric W mti 1.098 10 J

Deflection check

Mmax Mr

OK

fadm

l2
0.0213 m
200

permanent load
gpn gp d1 cos ( r) 327.661

kg
2

s
snow load

3 kg
2

gzn Sk ( cos ( r) ) d1 1.768 10

live load
Pcn P cos ( r) 819.152

kg
2

deformations due to permanent loads

br ( hr)
12

4.219 10

5 4

E 11300

mm

Kdef_p 0.5
fp_inst

gpn l2
3
2.92 10 m
384 E I
5

fp_c fp_inst ( 1 Kdef_p) 4.38 10

deformations due to snow load

Kdef_z 0.25
4

fz_inst

5 gzn l2

0.016 m
384 E I

fz_c fz_inst ( 1 Kdef_z) 0.02 m

deformations due to live load

Kdef_l 0
3

fl_inst

5 Pcn l2 1m
3

1.718 10 m
384
E I

fl_c fl_inst ( 1 Kdef_l) 1.718 10

f1 fp_c fz_c 0.024 m

fl fp_c fl_c 6.097 10

fmax f1 0.024 m

fmax fadm

CENTRAL PURLIN DESIGN

Permanent load
bp 25 cm

lc 2.55m

hp 25 cm
d2 3.5 m
n1
n1 1.1
cos ( r) 0.819
N

8400

( acacia)

qpp gp n d2

1
cos ( r)

3 kg
2

bp hp n1 2.714 10

the element is not subjected to biaxial bending as it should be , because wind is in suction and it is
not considered in computation
Snow load
4 kg
2

qzp_p Sk d2 1.153 10

Live load
3 kg
2

Pp P n 1 10

Loading hypothesis
4 kg
2

q1p 1.35 qpp 1.5 qzp_p 2.095 10

4 kg
2

q2p 1.35 qpp 1.05 qzp_p 1.577 10

3 kg
2

q3p 1.35qpp 1.05 Pp 4.714 10

4 kg
2

q4p 1.35 qpp 1.5 qzp_p 1.05 Pp 2.2 10

Bending moments computation

2

M1p q1p ( lc) 1.363 10 J

M2p q2p ( lc) 1.025 10 J

M3p q3p ( lc) 3.065 10 J

M4p q4p ( lc) 1.431 10 J

Mmaxp M4p 1.431 10 J

Strengt check

Wp

bp ( hp)
2

7.813 L

0.55 gp 0.65 Sk3

0.64
( gp Sk3)

Ric 21.68

N
mm

mti 0.9

obtained by interpolation between 2 values of

surgace treated and fireproofed wood

Mrp Ric Wp mti 1.524 10 J

Mmax Mr

OK

Deflection check

fadmp

lc
0.0128 m
200

deformations due to permanent loads

Ip

bp ( hp)
12

E 11300

3.255 10

4 4

N
mm

Kdef_p 0.5
fp_instp

gpn lc
384 E I
5

3.784 10

fp_cp fp_instp ( 1 Kdef_p) 5.676 10

deformations due to snow load

Kdef_z 0.25

fz_instp

5 gzn lc

384 E I

2.042 10

fz_cp fz_instp ( 1 Kdef_z) 2.552 10

f1 fp_cp fz_cp 3.12 10

m
fmax f1 3.12 10
fmax fadm

CENTRAL PURLIN
DESIGN
Permanent load

'

15
dp 15 cm
hp 2.25m
t 2.55 m

dp2
n1 hp 1.907 104 N
Npop
d2 t bp hp n1 t
cos ( r)
4
gp n

Snow load
4

Nzp Sk d2 t 2.939 10 N
Wind load is not taken into account since it is suction
Live load is not significant compared to the snow load in the case of post design

Loading hypothesis
4

N1 1.35 Npop 1.5 Nzp 6.983 10 N

4

N2 1.35 Npop 1.05 Nzp 5.661 10 N

Post checking
2

1 dp
1 1
3
gperm gp bp hp
hp
2.39 10 Pa
t
4
t d2
p

0.8 gperm 0.85 Sk

0.829
gperm Sk

Rcp 11.80

N
mm

Ac

dp
4

mtc 0.9

0.018 m

surface treted and fire proofed wood

i 0.25 dp 0.038 m

lf hp 0.75m 1.5 m

lf
40
i

75
2

0.872

100

1 0.8

Cr Ac Rcp mtc 1.636 10 N

N Cr

OK