SALES PARTIAL OUTLINE

I.

Introduction
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Definition (A1458)
Elements (A1475, 1458)
Characteristics (A1475)
Classification (A1478)
Contract of Sale Distinguished from:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Donation (A725)
Barter or Exchange (A1438, 1713, 1714)
Piece of Work (A1467, 1713, 1714)
Agency to Sell (A1466)
Dation (A1245)
Lease (A1643, 1644)
Contract to Sell (A1458)
a.
b.
c.
d.

F.

Form (A1358, 1483)

1.
2.
3.

General Rule
Public Documents
Statute of Frauds (A1403, 1405)
a.

II.

Purpose/Philosophy (A1874, 1581; Sec. 529

Revised Administrative Code on the Sale of
Large Cattle)

Parties (A1489 to 1491)

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.

III.

Condition on Payment of Price

Transfer of Ownership
Substantial Breach (A1191, 1234)
Equity Resolution

General Rule (A1489; A234 Family Code, as amended by

RA6809)
Minors, Insane, Demented Persons & Deaf Mutes (A1327,
1328, 1397, 1399)
Spouses (A1490, 1492; A73, 96 FC)
Guardians & Administrators (A1491, 1492)
Attorneys
Corporation (A44[3]; Sec. 3, Art. XII, 1987 Constitution.;
Sec. 36, Corporation Code)
Foreigners (Sec. 7 & 8, Art. XII, 1987 Constitution)
Public Officials & Employees

Subject (1459 to 1465)

A.
Legal (A1347, 1459, 1575)
B.
Existing, Future, Contingent (A1469)
1.

Potential Existence (A1461, 1437)

a.
b.

Emptio Rae Speratae

Emtio Spei

2.
3.
4.
C.

Determinate or Determinable (A1465)

1.
2.
3.

D.

Existing or Future Goods (A1462)

Acquisition of Things (A1462)
Subject of Resolutory Condition (A1465)

Generic Things
Undivided Interest (A1463)
Undivided Share in Mass
(A1464)

Fungible

Goods

Ownership by Seller of the Property (A1434, 1458, 1459,

1462, 1505)
1.

Effect if Seller is not the owner at the time of

delivery (A1505)
a.

Exceptions
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

2.

Estoppel (A1434)
Recording Laws (PD 1529)
Court Order
Sale in Merchant Stores (A85 & 86,
Code of Commerce)

Sale by Seller who has voidable title to the thing

sold (A1506)
a.

IV.

of

Defective Contracts

Price (A1469 to 1474)

A.
B.
C.
D.

Real (A1471)
Simulated
In money or its equivalent (A1458, 1468)
Certain of ascertainable at the time of perfection
1.

How price determined

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

E.

By 3rd person (A1469)

By the Courts (A1469)
By reference to a definite date, particular
exchange or market (A1472)
By reference to another thing certain (A1469)
Never by one party (A1472, 1182)
Effects of Unascertainability (A1474)

Inadequacy (A1355, 1470)

1.
2.
3.
4.

May avoid judicial sale of realty when shocking to

the conscience
Unless there is right of redemption
I judicial sale is voided without fault of the buyer,
the latter is entitled to reimbursement
Lesion (A1381, 1386, Cf. 1191)

5.
V.

Sales a retro; Presumption of equitable mortgage

(A1602)

Formation (A1475 to 1488)

A.

Preparatory (A1479)
1.
2.

Unaccepted Unilateral Promise to Sell:Policitacion

Accepted Unilateral Promise to Sell (A1479, 1324)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

3.
4.
B.

First Refusal
Promise to sell a determinate thing but at specified
price (A1479)

Perfection (A1475, 1319, 1325, 1326)

1.
2.
3.

Absolute
Auction (A1476, 1403[2][d], 1326; Sec. 21, Uniform
Sales Act)
By mere Consent (A1475)
a.
b.

4.
5.
6.
C.

Unilateral promise to sell to binding requisites

Option to buy
Meaning of Consideration
Absence of Consideration
Proper exercise of option contract
Acceptance of the option

Except when subject to suspensive condition

Auction sales (A1476)

Earnest money (A1482)

Place of perfection (A1319)
Expenses of execution and of putting goods in
deliverable state (A1487, 1521)

Consummation & Performance (A1493 to 1506, 1536 to

1544, 1582 to 1590)
1.

Sellers obligations
a.
b.

Preservation (A1163)
Delivery of things with fruits and accessories
(A1164, 1195, 1537)
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

concept
concept
concept
types of
aa.
bb.

of fruits
of accessories
of accessions
delivery (A1477)

Physical (A1497)
Constructive
1.
2.

As to immovables (A1489)
As to movables (A1498,
1499, 1513, 1514)

3.
cc.
dd.
v.

As to incorporeal property
(A1498, 1501)

Constitutum Possessorium (A1500)

Goods in Possession of 3rd persons
(A1521)

Transfer of ownership to vendee