Automotive Automation and

Vehicular Communication

Rahul Kumar
(13MECE10)

Introduction
High Cost of Mobility
Running Out of Space
A Self-Driving Car?

Driving Demographics

Safety and the Human Toll

Six million vehicle crashes leading to 32,788
traffic deaths in 2010 in US
Traffic crashes cost Americans $299.5 billion
annually
Goal not merely to make self-driving vehicles
as safe as human drivers
But goal is to develop crash-less cars

Technologies
Sensor-Based Solutions
Connectivity-Based Solutions
Convergence

Sensor-Based Solutions
Use a combination of advanced sensors,
stereo cameras
long- and short-range RADAR,
actuators, control units, and
integrating software, to enable cars to monitor and
respond to their surroundings.

Some ADAS solutions,

lane-keeping and warning systems,
adaptive cruise control,
back-up alerts, and parking assistance

Connectivity-Based Solutions
Use of wireless technologies to communicate in real time
from vehicle V2X and vice versa.
According to the USDOT, as many as 80 percent of all could
be mitigated using connected-vehicle technology.
Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC)
Uses radio waves V2V communication. It operates at 5.9 GHz
frequency, using standards such as SAE J2735 and the IEEE 1609
suite
Provides:
Network acquisition
Low latency, High reliability
Priority for safety applications
Security and privacy

Convergence
Convergence of communication- and sensorbased technologies could deliver better safety,
mobility, and self driving capability than either
approach could deliver on its own.

Self-driving applications

Self Driving Operation

Self-driving cars
What is it?
How to design/program one?

Programming a self-driving car

Localization(Monte Carlo Localization)

Tracking(Kalman filter)
Particle Filter(State of the System)
Motion Planning
Control(PID)
Combining them ALL.

Vehicular Communication
Cooperative Approach to communicate between V2X and
vice-versa.
Full 360around vehicle situation awareness ,far more
reliable than local sensors
Provides a bigger coverage area in all directions, warnings
about different hidden hazards such as accidents or
obstacles behind a curve
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
Cooperative Merging
Cooperative Platooning
Cooperative Collision Avoidance

One big drawback of the sensors is that they are influenced

by weather conditions and by mud or dirt

Communication Regimes
Bidirectional
Single-hop
Multi-hop

Architecture Layers

Application of Vehicular
Communication

Safety

Safety

Classification of Safety Applications

Resource Efficiency

Infotainment

Information in the Vehicular Network

Accuracy of Information
Time Critical Information
Time and Distance for Braking
Time and Distance for Overtaking
Data Requirements

References
1. Radu Popescu-Zeletin, Ilja Radusch, Mihai
Adrian Rigani. Vehicular-2-X Communication
State-of-the-Art and Research in Mobile
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks
2. Self-driving cars: The next revolution,
kpmg.com and cargroup.org