RAPID METRO GURGAON

LIMITED

Report
By

SAHIL SONI

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Apart from my efforts, the success of any project Depends basically on the
encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my
gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of
the report.

I am greatly indebted to Mr. Amit Kumar Pandey (Manager/S&T) for coordinating

this training and giving me an invaluable opportunity to work in a competitive yet
cordial atmosphere and providing me with all the facilities and equipments required to
carry out this training.

I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Mr. Ajay Singh, Mr. Jitin Narwal
and Mr. Sumit Kumar. I cant say thank you enough for their tremendous support
and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I attend their meeting. Without
their encouragement and guidance this project would not have materialized. I pay
special thanks to RMGL staff, who in spite of their busy schedule have lent their
precious time for my benefit.

The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed and who
are contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. I am grateful
for their constant support and help.

Contents:
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
Overview of the industrial training
2. ABOUT RAPID METRO
Rapid Metrorail Gurgaon Limited
2.1

Introduction

2.2

Stations

2.3

Electrification

2.4

Routes

2.5

IL&FS
2.5.1

2.6

Introduction
2.5.2

Mission

2.5.3

ITNL

Description about the company employees

3. TRAINING
Signalling & Telecom

3.1

Automatic Fare Collection ( AFC )

3.1.1 Ticket Office Machine (TOM )

Passenger Information Display (PID)

3.1.2 AFC Gate

Passenger Logic Control

Gate Maintenance

3.1.3 Ticket Reader (TR)

3.1.4 Portable Ticket Decoder (PTD)
3.1.5 AFC Network
3.1.6 Station Computer

SC Architecture

3.1.7 Central Computer

3.2

CC Architecture

Telecommunication
3.2.1 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

SDH Ring

Digital Transmission System

SDH bit rates & hierarchy

STM-1 frame

KLM coordinates

3.2.2 Passenger Announcement System (PAS)

Components of PAS

3.2.3 Clock
3.2.4 Passenger Information Display System (PIDS)

ATS packet

Software used

3.2.5 EPABX
3.2.6 TETRA
3.2.7 CCTV
3.2.8 SCADA
4. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES

ABSTRACT
RAPID METRO GURGAON LIMITED
Rapid MetroRail Gurgaon Limited is a metro system in the Indian city of Gurgaon,
Haryana, linked with the Delhi Metro system's Yellow Line at Sikandarpur. Built and
operated by Rapid MetroRail Gurgaon Limited (RMGL), the system is India's first
fully privately financed metro. It was built at a cost of nearly 11 billion and
construction was completed in 30 months. Originally planned to open in 2012, the
first phase of the system opened on 14 November 2013.
I had a very unique experience at RAPID METRO RAIL. Before, I joined this
company I was a normal passenger, who used the metro to commute from one place
to another. But having being into this company, I found myself much above than
where I was few months ago.
I received knowledge about various systems that are used in the metro system.
I received a wide knowledge about:

how the train runs automatically

how the fares are collected automatically

how the various announcements are made

how the messages are displayed automatically

how the timing is being synchronized

how the data is transferred from one place to another

I have been put under the Signaling& Telecom department.

SIGNALLING & TELECOM
Signalling and Telecommunication Systems is a wide branch of engineering
which
involves the information exchange concerning the establishment and
control of a telecommunication circuit and the management of the network, in
contrast to desired user information
TheS&T department is consisting of three sub parts as under.

SIGNALLING

TELECOM

AFC

Automatic Fare Collection

The Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) system deals with the collection of passenger
fare from entry to exit .The AFC system consist of many sub-system as under.

TOM (Ticket Office Machine)

AFC GATE

TR (Ticket Reader)

PTD (Portable Ticket Decoder)

SC (Station Computer)

CC (Central Computer)

Telecommunication
Telecommunication is the transmission of information over significant distances to
communicate.There are various aspects of a telecommunication system, which
majorly include the following:

SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)

Clock

EPABX

PAS(Passenger Announcement System)

PIDS (Passenger Information Display System)

Radio

Signalling

Signaling used on high density metro (or subway) routes based on the same principles
as main line signaling. The various parts of signaling are as follows:

CATC ( Continuous Automatic Train Control)

ATP (Automatic Train Protection)

ATS ( Automatic Train Supervision)

IXL ( Interlocking)

INTRODUCTION
Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services Limited (IL&FS) is an Indian
construction company spread all over India. RMGL is its first metro project under its
subsidiary company IRL (IL&FS Rail Limited).
Rapid metro connects Sikanderpur metro station to DLF cyber city Gurgaon via six
stations.
The Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon Project is headed under Mr. Rajiv Banga(Managing
Director & CEO).The Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon is an under construction rapid transit
system in the city of Gurgaon, Haryana, linked with Delhi Metro.
The system will be India's first privately owned and operated metro and its second
awarded public-private partnership metro project after the Hyderabad Metro.

RAPID METRORAIL GURGAON LIMITED (RMGL)

The Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon Ltd. (RMGL) is an under construction rapid
transit system in the Indian city of Gurgaon, Haryana, linked with Delhi Metro.

The system will be Indias first privately owned and operated metro and its second
awarded public-private partnership metro project after the Hyderabad Metro.
The metro is designed to carry 30,000 passengers per hour. Three-coach trains will
operate at 3- minute intervals, with a capacity of 1010 passengers per train. The trains
will have a maximum speed of 90 km/h, but will operate at an average speed of 30
km/h. The fares have been fixed at Rs.12 for any ride.
Rapid MetroRail Gurgaon Limited is a metro system in the Indian city of Gurgaon,
Haryana, linked with the Delhi Metro system's Yellow Line at Sikandarpur. Built and
operated by Rapid MetroRail Gurgaon Limited (RMGL), the system is India's first
fully privately financed metro. It was built at a cost of nearly 11 billion and
construction was completed in 30 months. Originally planned to open in 2012, the
first phase of the system opened on 14 November 2013.
The metro system was the first in India to auction naming rights for its stations.
Presently, commuters at all 6 stations are provided with free Internet connectivity
using Wi-Fi. The free Wi-Fi service is being provided by telecom service provider
MTS India.

SIGNALLING AND TELECOMMUNICATION

Signaling and Telecommunication Systems is a wide branch of engineering
which
involves the information exchange concerning the establishment and
control of a telecommunication circuit and the management of the network, in
contrast to desired user information
The S&T department is consisting of three sub parts as under.

SIGNALLING

TELECOM

AFC

AUTOMATIC FARE COLLECTION ( AFC)

The Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) system deals with the collection of passenger
fare from entry to exit .The AFC system consist of many sub-system as under.

Ticket Office Machine (TOM)

The Ticket Office Machine works on automatic fare mechanism. It issues the ticket
and cards to passenger in accordance to fare of particular station .The TOM consist of

token container, automatic feeder mechanism, passenger information display, printer,

contactless smart card reader, contactless smart card writer and hopper.

CSC read-write module

CSC stands for Contactless Smart Card. The CSC module is constituted by a modem
and an antenna included in a plastic housing. This set is linked to the TOM CPU via a
serial link. The CSC reader is powered up with a 12 V DC. The antenna is set under
the top side of the box. This allows to put and leave the card on the box during the
transaction. The CSC module reads and writes CSC data with secure access using
diversified keys mechanism for authentication and selection of CSC.

Passenger information display (PID)

The Passenger Display is a pedestal mounted display capable of displaying messages
in English and in Hindi characters.It is linked to the TOM CPU via a serial link

Gate
The AFC Gate is a mechanical device through which passenger make entry and exit by
showing his ticket. Entry gate flaps opens when ticket is shown at SMV (Smart media
validator) and close after passing the passenger sensing with the help of 16 sensors
present on the gate. Exit gate flaps are open when token is drops in the SMA (Smart
Media Accepter) and close after passing the passenger. The 16 sensor is divided in to
four section surveillance, detection, safety and exit. The first two sensors for
surveillance, next four for detection, next four for safety and last six for exit

Ticket Reader (TR)

The Ticket Reader is an electronic device with a display by which we can check our
amount remaining in the card .The TR is installed near TOM room in ease to
passenger.

Portable Ticket Decoder (PTD)

The Portable Ticket Decoder is also an electronic device used by service provider in
station area or inside the train to check the ticket of passenger travelling in train .This
can be used as an added value machine.

Station Computer (SC)

The SC is used for the control and local configuration of other station based
equipment, and local collection of data.The SC is located within the Station Computer
Room .The SCs are connected to the CC through the Station LAN and the WAN to
transmit the usage data, get the EOD and security keys .The SC software is the same
for every location. The configuration files are used to differentiate the SC at each
location.

Central Computer (CC)

To communicate with all Station Computers (SC) to collect the details of the
CSC&CST transaction, operational and auditing data. Cook them into cookeddata
base. To communicate with DMRC CCHS System and send all transaction data
received from stations and receive EOD, Keys data .To maintain and distribute the
CCHS EOD data to the AFC equipment via SCs .To transmit via SC to the AFC
equipment the CGA _Contactless Keys (CSC Key Table and R/W module Key Table)
defined on the CC.

TELECOMMUNICATION
Telecommunication is the transmission of information over significant distances to
communicate. In earlier times, telecommunications involved the use of visual signals,
such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical
heliographs, or audio messages via coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, or sent by
loud whistles, for example. In the modern age of electricity and electronics,
telecommunications now also includes the use of electrical devices such as telegraphs,
telephones, and teletypes, the use of radio and microwave communications, as well as
fiber optics and their associated electronics, plus the use of the orbiting satellites and
the Internet.
There are various aspects of a telecommunication system, which majorly include the
following:

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) based fiber optic transmission network, based
on an open standard and fully conforming to the ITU Recommendation has been
proposed. The proposed SDH supports voice, data, video, signal transmission between
various locations and modes of transmission .The SDH backbone shall consist of
access nodes interconnected by dual fiber

Optic ring - The dual ring structure is essential for redundancy purposes. In normal
operation, only one of the two rings will carry the user information, while the other
ring shall be in hot standby. In a way, the Solution will use two OFCs one for working
and another for redundancy purpose.
Public Announcement System (PAS)
The PAS will allow the Controllers at Stations, OCC and Depot to send
announcements to the passengers or staff at all stations and to staff in depots, OCC
and related equipment/plant rooms. The voice messages broadcasted to passengers
can be through various input sources (initiated locally, triggered from external
systems or remote accessed from OCC) in stations and OCC/depot. The PAS will be
interfaced with the train via the TETRA radio system, so the announcements can be
sent to the trains for broadcast.
Passenger Information & Display System (PIDS)
The passenger information and display system is a LED screen display which shows
information at platform and concourse level. The welcome or train arrival time is
shown at the PIDS screen in this project two types of display are used:

Two Line Display

Three Line Display

The Passenger Information Display System is responsible for the delivery of real time
information to passengers and staff, through dynamic visual displays. We will deploy
one central PIDS equipmentin OCC/depot and one PIDS equipment in each station.
The PIDS system at each station is connected to the central system via the
transmission network. The PIDS Central Server is the communication gateway to the
Station Servers.

Clock

The CLOCK is used for the timing synchronization. In RMGL, we are using GPS for
providing correct and accurate timing. Two GPS are used at the depot to synchronize
the timing among all.
Master Clock Server
Slave Clock Server
Every station has its own clock server which handles all the clocks of the station.
Analog Clock
Digital Clock

2. ABOUT RAPID METRO

RAPID METRORAIL GURGAON LIMITED

2nd Floor, Ambience Corporate Tower,
Ambience Mall Complex,
Ambience Island, NH-8,
Gurgaon-12201, INDIA

2.1 INTRODUCTION
The Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon Ltd. (RMGL) is an under construction rapid
transit system in the Indian city of Gurgaon, Haryana, linked with Delhi Metro.
The system will be Indias first privately owned and operated metro and its second
awarded public-private partnership metro project after the Hyderabad Metro.
The metro is designed to carry 30,000 passengers per hour. Three-coach trains will
operate at 3- minute intervals, with a capacity of 1010 passengers per train. The trains
will have a maximum speed of 90 km/h, but will operate at an average speed of 30
km/h. The fares have been fixed at Rs.12 for any ride.

2.2 STATIONS
The section between Sikanderpur and DLF Phase II will be double-tracked, while
the remaining stations will be served with a single-track loop.

Sikanderpur (interchange with Delhi Metro via 90m walkway)

DLF Phase II

Belvedere Towers

Gateway Tower

Moulsary Avenue

DLF Phase III

2.3 ELECTRIFICATION
750V DC via third rail.A third rail is a method of providing electric power to a
railway train, through a semi-continuous rigid conductor placed alongside or between
the rails of a railway track. It is used typically in a mass transit or rapid transit system.
In most cases, third rail systems supply direct current electricity.

2.4 ROUTES
The whole project is set to complete in two phases. The first phase starts at
Sikanderpur and moves through five stations including DLF Phase II, Phase III,
Moulsari Avenue, Gateway towers, Belvedere Tower and then back to Sikanderpur.

2.5 IL&FS
Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services Limited (IL&FS) is an Indian
construction company spread all over India. RMGL is its first metro project under its
subsidiary company IRL (IL&FS Rail Limited).
Rapid metro connects Sikanderpur metro station to DLF cyber city Gurgaon via six
stations.

2.5.1 MISSION
IL&FS is in the business of designing, building and servicing technologically
advanced products and systems for the world's energy and transport infrastructure.
IL&FS hallmark for quality in India is its commitment to providing value to
customers, shareholders, employ, vendors, and to society. We continually innovate
and develop new products, and strive to exceed our customer's expectations.

2.5.2 ITNL
IL&FS Transportation Networks Ltd.(ITNL) is an established ISO
9000:2001 surface transportation infrastructure company, and is one of the largest
private sector BOTroad operators

in India. ITNL is a developer, operator and facilitator of surface transportation

infrastructure projects, taking projects from conceptualization through commissioning
to operations and maintenance.
ITNL was incorporated in 2000 by IL&FS, an infrastructure
development
and finance company, in order to consolidate their existing road infrastructure projects
and to pursue various new project initiatives in the area of surface transportation
infrastructure. In March 2008, ITNL commenced international operations through the
acquisition of Elsamex S.A. ("Elsamex"), a provider of maintenance services
primarily for highways and roads in Spain and other countries .The ITNL takes the
transport projects into consideration. The railway projects
Since inception, ITNL has been involved in the development, operation and
maintenance of national and state highways, roads (including urban roads),
flyovers and bridges in Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Jharkhand and Rajasthan.
IL&FS Rail Limited (IRL) is now successfully working on the Rapid Metro
Rail, Gurgaon project. The Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon Project is headed under
Mr. Sanjiv Rai (Managing Director & CEO).
The Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon is an under construction rapid transit system in the city
of Gurgaon, Haryana, linked with Delhi Metro.
The system will be India's first privately owned and operated metro and its
second awarded public-private partnership metro project after the Hyderabad
Metro.

2.6 DESCRIPTION ABOUT THE COMPANY EMPLOYEES

Metro project is itself a very large project that cannot be run by a single or few
employees. Thereare thousands of employees that are into this company who put their
indeed effort for the success of this metro project. The employees are expertise in
various fields.
Employees includes the Chairmen of the company, Managing Director, various
Managers for the various departments, Assistant Managers, Supervisors, Junior
Engineers, Senior Engineers, Train Operators, Station Controllers and many more.
A list describing the various members along with their designation.

Managing Director & CEO

- Mr. Rajiv Banga

Managing Director

- Mr. Praveen Kumar

General Manager

- Mr. Jagmohan

General Manager

- Mr. Sanjeev Arora

Manager (Telecom)

- Mr. AmitPandey

Deputy Manager (Signaling)

- Mr. Dinesh Yadav

Deputy Manager ( AFC)

- Mr. Garv Bhatia

Assistant Manager

- Mr. Ajay Singh

HR

- Ms. Pooja

HR

- Mrs. Payal

HR

- Mr. Govind

3. TRAINING DETAILS

SIGNALLING & TELECOM (S&T):

Signalling and Telecommunication Systemsis a wide branch of engineering

which
involves the information exchange concerning the establishment and
control of a telecommunication circuit and the management of the network, in
contrast to desired user information.

The telecommunication system is used for information interchange between many

systems and employees .The telecom department is combining many other sub
systems. The telecom system is backbone of data hierarchy, which is served by SDH
(Synchronous Digital hierarchy). All station is connected via a ring uplink and
downlink. The optical fiber is terminated at FMS (Fiber management System) at
depot. The data of all three main systems is travelling through the SDH.
Signalling used on high density metro (or subway) routes is based on the same
principles as main line signalling. The line is divided into blocks and each block is
protected by a signal but, for metros, the blocks are shorter so that the number of
trains using the line can be increased. They are also usually provided with automatic
supervision to prevent a train passing a stop signal. The signalling system is
responsible for safety and efficient running of train. The Automatic Train Protection
(ATP), Automatic Train Supervision (ATS) and Computer Based Interlocking is
responsible for that.
The internship period has been a good learning platform for me to learn about the
industrial applications of Electrical and supporting branch of engineering.
The S&T department is consisting of three sub parts as under.

SIGNALLING
TELECOM
AFC

3.1 AFC (Automatic Fare Collection)

The Automatic Fare Collection ( AFC) system deals with the collection of passenger
fare from entry to exit .The AFC system consist of many sub-system as under.

TOM (Ticket Office Machine)

AFC GATE

TR (Ticket Reader)

PTD (Portable Ticket Decoder)

SC (Station Computer)

CC (Central Computer)

BIM (Bulk Initialization Machine)

ACCA (Access Control Certification Authority)

3.1.1 TOM:

The Ticket Office Machine works on automatic fare mechanism. It issues the ticket
and cards to passenger in accordance to fare of particular station .The TOM consist of
token container, automatic feeder mechanism, passenger information display, printer,
contactless smart card reader, contactless smartcard writer and hopper.

What makes a TOM:

One standard personal Computer

One QWERTY keyboard and a mouse

One Passenger Information Display

One CC reader/writer

One Receipt Printer

One Token Auto-Feeder mechanism with two containers and

One Ethernet LAN communication link to SC.

Hardware Requirement (TOM CPU ):

Pentium 4 Processor

256 MB RAM

40 GB Hard Disk

CD-ROM and Floppy Drive

LAN card

PCI I/O card for additional Serial ports

PID(Passenger information display):

The Passenger Display is a pedestal mounted display capable of displaying messages
in English and in Hindi characters.It is linked to the TOM CPU via a serial link.

3.1.2 AFC GATE:

The AFC Gate is a mechanical device through which passenger make entry and exit
by showing his ticket. Entry gate flaps opens when ticket is shown at SMV (Smart
media validator) and close after passing the passenger sensing with the help of 16
sensors present on the gate. Exit gate flaps are open when token is drops in the SMA
(Smart Media Accepter) and close after passing the passenger.
The passage is split into the four following zones:

Detection Zone

Surveillance Zone

Safety Zone

Exit Zone

The first two sensors for surveillance, next four for detection, next four for safety and
last six for exit .The gate consist of many parts as:

CSC (Contactless Smartcard)

EMM ( Electronic Main Module)

PSU (Power Supply Unit)

PLC (Programmable Logic Unit)

EOD (Equipment Operation Data)

DSM (Data Security Model)

CTN (Container)

3.1.3 TR (TICKET READER)

The Ticket Reader is a electronic device with a display by which we can check our
amount remaining in the card .The TR is installed near TOM room in ease to
passenger.

3.1.4 STATION COMPUTER

The SC is used for the control and local configuration of other station based
equipment, and local collection of data.The SC is located within the Station Computer
Room .The SCs are connected to the CC through the Station LAN and the WAN to
transmit the usage data, get the EOD and security keys .The SC software is the same
for every location. The configuration files are used to differentiate the SC at each
location .The SC is connected to the Station LAN.The SC maintains TCP/IP based
connections with the AFC Equipment, the CC and the Master Clock System.

3.1.5 CENTRAL COMPUTER:

To communicate with all Station Computers (SC) to collect the details of the CSC &
CST transaction, operational and auditing data. Cook them into cookeddata base. To
communicate with DMRC CCHS System and send all transaction data received from
stations and receive EOD, Keys data .To maintain and distribute the CCHS EOD data
to the AFC equipment via SCs .To transmit via SC to the AFC equipment the CGA
_Contactless Keys (CSC Key Table and R/W module Key Table) defined on the
CC .To perform AFC equipment administration .To monitor the communication
channels between itself and the SCs .To interface with the Master Clock System for
time synchronization .To perform Daily and Monthly data backup and housekeeping
functions .To provide multiple security access levels to enable different levels of
access to specific applications and data. The Operator, Supervisor and System
Administrator is assigned with different security levels .To Provide Master clock for
Clock synchronization .To provide card history Backup, archive and restore .

3.2 TELECOMMUNICATION

Telecommunication is the transmission of information over significant distances to

communicate. In earlier times, telecommunications involved the use of visual signals,
such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical
heliographs, or audio messages via coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, or sent by
loud whistles, for example. In the modern age of electricity and electronics,
telecommunications now also includes the use of electrical devices such as telegraphs,
telephones, and teletypes, the use of radio and microwave communications, as well as

fiber optics and their associated electronics, plus the use of the orbiting satellites and
the Internet.
There are various aspects of a telecommunication system, which majorly include the
following:

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

Clock System

Public Address System (PAS)

Passenger information display (PID) system

Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange (EPABX)

Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA)

CCTV

SCADA

Telecom refers to:

An abbreviation of telecommunication.

Short for telecommunications company, in general.

A short name for any telecommunications company with "Telecom"

specifically in the name, where context allows media or people to commonly
exclude the rest of its name without confusion, often resulting from a
monopoly or previous monopoly. The term is now trademarked by various
companies in their local jurisdiction, although usually with a qualifier of
locality. In some countries, the word TELECOM on its own is a registered
trade mark.

Metro One Telecommunications was a provider of directory assistance with

call centers located in the United States. Corporate headquarters are located in
Beaverton, Oregon.

3.2.1
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) based fiber optic transmission network, based
on an open standard and fully conforming to the ITU Recommendation has been
proposed. The proposed SDH supports voice, data, video, signal transmission between
various locations and modes of transmission include .The SDH backbone shall consist
of access nodes interconnected by dual fiber optic ring. The dual ring structure is
essential for redundancy purposes. In normal operation, only one of the two rings will
carry the user information, while the other ring shall be in hot standby. In a way, the
Solution will use two OFCs one for working and another for redundancy purpose.

FIBCOM SDH equipments are Software configurable as Terminals, ADMs, SDXC

and Regenerators. In addition, all these products are well proven throughout the
world. The products are modular in structure, which gives scope of easy upgrading.
The products are rich in features and are built around proven components and micro
controllers.
SDH is preferred over routers. For transferring the data from one place to another
routers can also be used. But SDH provides several levels of hierarchy and protection
which makes it more useable
Than that of the router.
Designing of network has been done in order to meet the network and equipment
requirements as per Metro Network Requirements.
The FIBCOM 6340/6335 nodes also belong to the product family where SDH Crossconnect (SDXC), Add/Drop Multiplexers (ADM) and Terminal Multiplexers (TM) are
implemented in a standalone unit.

It is a transport network

synchronous

fully standardized

with high bandwidth

for synchronous and asynchronous signals

for future broadband signals and new services

with standardized network management capabilities

with traffic protection

with a flexible multiplexing structure

Digital Transmission System

SDH Bit Rates and Hierarchy

STM stands for the Synchronous Transfer Module which is the core part of the SDH.
There are different types of STM available in the market as STM-1, STM-4 etc. All
types of the STM differ from each other by bandwidth.

STM-1 Frame

3.2.2 PASSENGER ANNOUNCEMENT SYSTEM (PAS)

The PAS will allow the Controllers at Stations, OCC and Depot to send
announcements to the passengers or staff at all stations and to staff in depots, OCC
and related equipment/plant rooms. The voice messages broadcasted to passengers
can be through various input sources (initiated locally, triggered from external
systems or remote accessed from OCC) in stations and OCC/depot. The PAS will be
interfaced with the train via the TETRA radio system, so the announcements can be
sent to the trains for broadcast. Also the PAS should interface with telephone and
radio system to allow for selected user to make announcement on pre-defined zones
from selected telephones and handheld radios.
This system is basically used to provide announcements at the stations and at the
various other places. It can work under three modes:
MANUAL
The manual announcements are made through the call stations in case the
automatic one are not working or in case of emergency.
AUTOMATIC
The automatic announcements are those which are pre recorded to be played at
the stations, platform and the train. In case of automatic mode, the ATS fetches
the data from the PIDS through the AAS server and the same process follows
in case of manual. The call station is not involved in this.
EMERGENCY
The emergency announcements can be either manual or automatic. In case of
emergency the automatic mode havr an interfacing with different systems like
fire,AFC but mostly we prefer to work in manual mode in case of emergency.

Components of PAS
The various components of PAS are as follows:

CALL STATION

This includes a mike through which the announcements are made. The call
station is at the station control room. The silver button pressed and the
announcement is made by the station controller.

SPEAKERS
The speakers are used for the audio output. There are different speakers which
are used here as follows:
Ceiling Loudspeaker
Horn Loudspeaker
Unidirectional Sound Projector
Cabinet Loudspeaker
Panel Loudspeaker
Noise Sensing Microphone

AMPLIFIER
The amplifiers are used to enhance the input provided. It announces the
information in a particular area. An idle amplifier is used as a redundant in
case of any problem in the upper one.

NETWORK CONTROLLER (NCO)

The NCO receives the information from the call station and provides it to the
different amplifiers depending on the zones where the announcements is to be
made. It controls information and disperse it among amplifiers.

COBRANET
It is like aswitch which is used for connecting all other components. It
provides station to station connectivity.

3.2.3 CLOCK

The CLOCK is used for the timing synchronization. In RMGL, we are using GPS for
providing correct and accurate timing. Two GPS are used at the depot to synchronize
the timing among all.

 Master Clock Server

Slave Clock Server
Every station has its own clock server which handles all the clocks of the station.
Analog Clock
Digital Clock

If the GPS fails, then the timings will be fetches the master clock server. The ATS and
various other systems fetch the timing from the master clock server.

3.2.4 PIDS

The passenger information and display system is a LED screen display which shows
information at platform and concourse level. The welcome or train arrival time is
shown at the PIDS screen in this project two types of display are used:

Two Line Display

Three Line Display

The Passenger Information Display System is responsible for the delivery of real time
information to passengers and staff, through dynamic visual displays. We will deploy
one central PIDS equipmentin OCC/depot and one PIDS equipment in each station.
The PIDS system at each station is connected to the central system via the
transmission network. The PIDS Central Server is the communication gateway to the
Station Servers. It distributes the configuration data and the incoming requests to the
Station Servers, and it collects status information (alarms and display contents) from
the Station Servers. The PIDS station architecture permits the system to be controlled
by the Central server and the Station server. Therefore, if, for instance, the
communication with the Central Server is lost, the Station Server will permit the
system to work at the station, with the loss of some features, like the interface to the

signaling and therefore the possibility of providing automatic messages to the

passengers.

Three line display is used at concourse and two line display is used at platform level.
The PIDS system is interfaces with automatic train supervision system to display the
real time information.PIDS work on the signals provided by the ATS. These signals
helps the PIDS to respond back and send the following signals or the messages to PAS
for announcements.

128 Kb RAM

32 bit microcontroller

LAN

TCP\IP based communication

3.2.5 EPABX
(Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange)

A business telephone system differs from an installation of several telephones with

multiple central office (CO) lines in that the CO lines used are directly controllable in
key systems from multiple telephone stations, and that such a system often provides
additional features related to call handling. Business telephone systems are often
broadly classified into key telephone systems, and private branch exchanges, but
many hybrid systems exist.
A key system was originally distinguished from a private branch exchange (PBX) in
that it did not require an operator or attendant at the switchboard to establish

connections between the central office trunks and stations, or between stations.
Technologically, private branch exchanges share lineage with central office telephone
systems, and in larger or more complex systems, may rival a central office system in
capacity and features. With a key system, a station user could control the connections
directly using line buttons, which indicated the status of lines with built-in lamps.

3.2.6 Terrestrial Trunked Radio[TETRA]

Terrestrial Trunked Radio[ (TETRA) (formerly known as Trans-European

Trunked Radio) is a professional mobile radio and two-way transceiver
(colloquially known as a walkie talkie) specification. TETRA was specifically

designed for use by government agencies, emergency services, (police

forces, fire departments, ambulance) for public safety networks, rail
transport staff for train radios, transport services and the military.[citation
needed]
TETRA is a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
standard, first version published 1995; it is mentioned by the European
Radiocommunications Committee (ERC)

Advantages of TETRA

The main advantages of TETRA over other technologies (such as GSM) are:
The much lower frequency used gives longer range, which in turn permits very high
levels of geographic coverage with a smaller number of transmitters, thus cutting
infrastructure costs.
During a voice call, the communications are not interrupted when moving to another
network site. This is a unique feature, which dPMR networks typically provide, that
allows a number of fall-back modes such as the ability for a base station to process
local calls. So called 'mission critical' networks can be built with TETRA where all
aspects are fail-safe/multiple-redundant.
In the absence of a network, mobiles/portables can use 'direct mode' whereby they
share channels directly (walkie-talkie mode).
Gateway mode - where a single mobile with connection to the network can act as a
relay for other nearby mobiles that are out of range of the infrastructure.
TETRA also provides a point-to-point function that traditional analogue emergency
services radio systems did not provide. This enables users to have a one-to-one
trunked 'radio' link between sets without the need for the direct involvement of a
control room operator/dispatcher.
Unlike cellular technologies, which connect one subscriber to one other subscriber
(one-to-one), TETRA is built to do one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many.
These operational modes are directly relevant to the public safety and professional
users.
Security TETRA supports terminal registration, authentication, air-interface
encryption and end-to-end encryption making it the single most secure two way radio
platform[citation needed].
Rapid deployment (transportable) network solutions are available for disaster relief
and temporary capacity provision.

Equipment is available from many suppliers around the world, thus providing the
benefits of interoperable competition.
Network solutions are available in both reliable circuit-switched (telephone like)
architectures and flat, IP architectures with soft (software) switches.
Further information is available from the TETRA Association (formerly TETRA
MoU) and the standards can be downloaded for free from ETSI.

3.2.7Closed-circuit television[CCTV]

Closed-circuit television (CCTV), also known as video surveillance, is the use of

video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.
It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though
it may employ point to point (P2P), point to multipoint, or mesh wireless links.
Though almost all video cameras fit this definition, the term is most often applied to
those used for surveillance in areas that may need monitoring such as banks, casinos,
airports, military installations, and convenience stores.
Videotelephony is seldom called "CCTV" but the use of video in distance education,
where it is an important tool, is often so called.

3.2.8 SCADA

SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) is a system operating with coded
signals over communication channels so as to provide control of remote equipment
(using typically one communication channel per remote station).
The control system may be combined with a data acquisition system by adding the use
of coded signals over communication channels to acquire information about the status
of the remote equipment for display or for recording functions.
It is a type of industrial control system (ICS). Industrial control systems are computerbased systems that monitor and control industrial processes that exist in the physical
world. SCADA systems historically distinguish themselves from other ICS systems
by being large-scale processes that can include multiple sites, and large distances.
These processes include industrial, infrastructure, and facility-based processes.

Common system components:

A SCADA system usually consists of the following subsystems:
Remote terminal units (RTUs) connect to sensors in the process and convert sensor
signals to digital data. They have telemetry hardware capable of sending digital data
to the supervisory system, as well as receiving digital commands from the supervisory
system. RTUs often have embedded control capabilities such as ladder logic in order
to accomplish boolean logic operations.
Programmable logic controller (PLCs) connect to sensors in the process and
convert sensor signals to digital data. PLCs have more sophisticated embedded
control capabilities (typically one or more IEC 61131-3 programming languages) than
RTUs. PLCs do not have telemetry hardware, although this functionality is typically
installed alongside them. PLCs are sometimes used in place of RTUs as field devices
because they are more economical, versatile, flexible, and configurable.
A telemetry system is typically used to connect PLCs and RTUs with control
centers, data warehouses, and the enterprise. Examples of wired telemetry media used
in SCADA systems include leased telephone lines and WAN circuits. Examples of

wireless telemetry media used in SCADA systems include satellite (VSAT), licensed
and unlicensed radio, cellular and microwave.
A data acquisition server is a software service which uses industrial protocols to
connect software services, via telemetry, with field devices such as RTUs and PLCs. It
allows clients to access data from these field devices using standard protocols.
A humanmachine interface or HMI is the apparatus or device which presents
processed data to a human operator, and through this, the human operator monitors
and interacts with the process. The HMI is a client that requests data from a data
acquisition server.
A Historian is a software service which accumulates time-stamped data, boolean
events, and boolean alarms in a database which can be queried or used to populate
graphic trends in the HMI. The historian is a client that requests data from a data
acquisition server.
A supervisory (computer) system, gathering (acquiring) data on the process and
sending commands (control) to the SCADA system.
Communication infrastructure connecting the supervisory system to the remote
terminal units.
Various processes and analytical instrumentation.

4. CONCLUSION
My experience at RMGL has been invaluable. I thoroughly enjoyed my position and
gained a good experience of various aspects of a firm in Signal & Telecom industry.
The internship period of four month has been an excellent opportunity for me to earn
good hands on experience in the electronics and communication field of engineering.
I acquired many new skills and developed many already existing skills and
innovativeness and creativity in design, working in a team based environment, dealing
with management and customers, and presentation & communication skills.

Instead of long trains with infrequent service, the Metro has many short trains
with very frequent service. The interval between trains on all the sections is
approx 4 minutes. This means brief waits.
The automatic operation enables the trains to run at closer intervals than under
manual operation. Apart from the shorter waiting times, this also makes it
easier to make up for delays.
The trains are more punctual. At least 98% of the departures are on time.
Instead of driving the train, the Metro staff serves the passengers and creates a
feeling of security.

Using the Metro is very safe since human error is avoided.

Presently in Indian Railways there are Control panels at almost all the interlocked
stations, which require an operator to perform the Control and monitoring functions.
The stationmaster is usually saddled with this duty leaving him little time to properly
conduct the tough task of managing the station.
Thus by incorporating Interlocking in our present railways signaling, we can surely
expect the Indian Railways to deliver services which are more punctual, efficient,
reliable and most important an absolutely fail-safe system but this thing surely comes
at a cost. But the cost savings made from reduction in operating staff, lesser
maintenance cost and failures compensate for this additional expenditure and in the
long run will benefit the Railway organization.

REFERENCE
www.transport.alstom.com
www.google.com
www.getransportation.com
www.siemens.com/transportation
Gate maintenance manual THALES
PTD user manual THALES