1

Types of Chemical Compounds

Classify the following compounds as ionic or molecular (covalent).
1.

CaCl2 _______ionic________

11. MgO ____________________

2.

CO2 ____________________

12. NH4Cl ____________________

3.

H2O ____________________

13. Sr(NO3)2 ____________________

4.

Na2SO4 ____________________

14. KI ____________________

5.

K2O ____________________

15. Ba(OH)2 ____________________

6.

NaF ____________________

16. NO2 ____________________

7.

Na2CO3 ____________________

17. Ca3(PO4)2 ____________________

8.

CH4 ____________________

18. FeCl3 ____________________

9.

Mg(NO3)2 ____________________

19. P2O5 ____________________

10. LiBr ____________________

20. N2O3 ____________________

Binary Ionic Compounds Compounds with monatomic ions in it, a metallic ion and a
nonmetallic ion. This allows only two types of atoms in the formula. Ex: Rb2O
Ternary Ionic Compounds Compounds with at least one polyatomic ion in it. This allows three or
more types of atoms in the formula. Ex: RbNO3
Classify the following compounds as binary ionic or ternary ionic.
21. KOH ____ternary ionic___________
26. Na2Cr2O7 _______________________
22. CoO _________________________

27. MgSO4 _________________________

23. Fe(NO3)2 _______________________

28. Cu2S _________________________

24. MgH2 _________________________

29. SnO2 _________________________

25. Cs2S _________________________

30. NH4NO3 ________________________

Naming Ions
Polyatomic Ions
Rule: Look up the name or symbol from your polyatomic ion sheet.
Example 1:

ammonium ion ____________________

Example 2:

NO3- ____________________

Example 3:

NO2 ____________________

Monatomic Ions
CATIONS
Rule A: If the atom always forms the same charge when forming an ion, (all group 1, group 2, and Zn2+,
Ag+, Cd2+, & Al3+), take the name of the atom that the ion is formed from, and add ion.
Example 4:
Na+ ____________________
Example 5:

Mg2+ ____________________

Example 6:

aluminum ion ____________________

Rule B: If the atom can form more than one charge when forming an ion, (any of the transition metals
and any metals underneath the staircase), take the name of the atom that the ion is formed from, place the
charge as a Roman numeral in parentheses, and then add ion.
Example 7: Pb2+ _________________
Example 9: copper(I) ion __________
Example 8: Fe2+ _________________

Example 10: copper(II) ion _________

15. Fe3+ ____________________

Try These:
11. Rb+ ____________________

16. cobalt(II) ion _________________

12. Ca ____________________
13. Ni+ ____________________
14. Ag+ ____________________
2+

17. lithium ion ________________

18. zinc ion _________________

ANIONS
Rule: Take the nonmetal atom name, remove the ending and add -ide ion to it.
Example 21: S2- ____________________
Example 22: N3- ____________________
Example 23: bromide ion ____________________ Example 24: telluride ion ____________________
Example 25: iodide ion ____________________

Example 26:selenide ion ____________________

Example 27:F- ____________________

Example 28:O2- ____________________

Lets Compare some ions:

N3- ____________________ sulfide ion ____________________

sulfite ion ____________________
sulfate ion ____________________

NO2- ____________________
NO3- ____________________

Understanding Ion Nomenclature

IONS

CATIONS

MONATOMIC

*one possible
charge
*Groups 1 & 2
and others

POLYATOMIC

*more than one

possible charge

Na+ sodium ion

Fe2+
Ca2+ calcium ion
Fe3+
+
Ag silver ion
Cu+
2+
Zn zinc ion
Cu2+
Cd2+ cadmium ion
Al3+ aluminum ion

ANIONS

iron(II) ion
iron(III) ion
copper(I) ion
copper(II) ion

*few

NH4+ ammonium ion

MONATOMIC

*ends in IDE

Cl- chloride ion

O2- oxide ion
N3- nitride ion

POLYATOMIC

*ends in ITE -ATE

or IDE (a few)

SO32- sulfite ion

SO42- sulfate ion
CN- cyanide ion

Monatomic cation with one possible charge Name of atom and add ion
Monatomic cation with more than one possible charge Name of atom, with charge as Roman numeral in parentheses, and add ion
Monatomic anion Name of atom, remove ending, and add -ide ion Polyatomic ions no naming rulesjust know them

Ions Worksheet
Name the following ions.
1.

Ca2+ ______________________________

2.

O2- ______________________________

3.

H+ ______________________________

4.

H- ______________________________

5.

Cu+ ______________________________

6.

Fe3+ ______________________________

7.

CO32- ______________________________

8.

NH4+ ______________________________

9.

Zn2+ ______________________________

10. N3- ______________________________

Write the formulas for the following ions.
11. acetate ion ______________________________
12. phosphide ion ______________________________
13. phosphate ion ______________________________
14. iron(II) ion ______________________________
15. strontium ion ______________________________
16. nickel(II) ion ______________________________
17. tin(II) ion ______________________________
18. sulfate ion ______________________________
19. sulfite ion ______________________________
20. sulfide ion ______________________________

Microsoft Word - Chemical Formulas All Worksheets 2011.docx|[Document subtitle]

Ionic Compound Nomenclature

ALL COMPOUNDS ARE NEUTRAL!

When ions combine, they will form neutral compounds. These formulas are written in the lowest, wholenumber ratio. These lowest, whole-number ratios are called formula units.
An ionic compound is often referred to as a salt. One of the most common ionic compounds is NaCl.
This is why we usually refer to it as salt or table salt.
When determining the formula for an ionic compound, determine the charges of each ion and be sure to
combine them so that the number of positive charges is equal in magnitude to the number of negative
charges.
Example:

Al2O3 - aluminum oxide

It is made of two Al3+ ions (aluminum ions) and three O2- ions (oxide ions).
2 Al3+ ions would make a total positive charge of +6.
3 O2- ions would make a total negative charge of -6.
This makes a neutral compound.
Ionic Compounds are named after the ions they contain.

Example: CaI2
This contains 1 Ca2+ ion and 2 I- ions. They are written in a 1:2 ratio in the compound so it
is neutral. However, when naming the compound, just write the names of the two types of
ions. So the name is calcium iodide.
Example: MnO2
This contains 1 Mn+4 ion and 2 O2- ions. I had to determine the charge on the Mn. It is a
transition metal and needs a roman numeral in its name. I first looked at the O and knew
it was a 2-. I then thought that if there were two 2- ions, then that would be a total
negative charge of 4-. In order to make a neutral compound, the positives would have to
add up to 4+. If there is only one Mn in the compound, then its entire charge would be 4+.
So, the compound is made of manganese(IV) ions and oxide ions. The name is
manganese (IV) oxide.
Example: copper (I) sulfide
This contains Cu+ ions and S2- ions. Two Cu+ ions are needed for each S2- ion, making
Cu2S.
Microsoft Word - Chemical Formulas All Worksheets 2011.docx|[Document subtitle]

Binary Ionic Compounds Worksheet #1

A. Write the formulas for the compounds formed from these elements. Remember, the cation is always
written first.

1. rubidium and iodine ___________

5. sulfur and sodium ___________

2. barium and chlorine ___________

6. aluminum and oxygen ___________

3. lithium and selenium ___________

7. silver and phosphorus ___________

4. nitrogen and magnesium ____________

8. fluorine and zinc ___________

B. Write the names for these binary ionic compounds.

9.

Cs2S ____________________________

16. FeF3 ___________________________

10. BaO ___________________________

17. Mg3N2 _________________________

11. AlI3 ____________________________

18. Ni3P2 ___________________________

12. MnO2 __________________________

19. UO2 ___________________________

13. Tc3P4 __________________________

20. HF ____________________________

14. CdBr2 __________________________

21. CoN ___________________________

15. NaCl ___________________________

22. K2S ____________________________

C. Write the formulas for these binary ionic compounds.

23. rubidium sulfide _______________

30. europium(II) nitride ______________

24. mercury(II) oxide _______________

31. cesium phosphide _______________

25. calcium nitride _______________

32. lead(II) chloride _______________

26. zinc bromide _______________

33. cadmium oxide _______________

27. uranium(VI) fluoride _____________

34. tin(IV) fluoride _______________

28. silver phosphide _______________

35. iron(II) oxide _______________

29. platinum(II) selenide ______________

36. iron(III) oxide _______________

Microsoft Word - Chemical Formulas All Worksheets 2011.docx|[Document subtitle]

Binary Ionic Compounds Worksheet #2

If the name of the compound is given, write the formula. If the formula of the compound is given, write
the name.
1.

KBr ________________________________________

2.

V2O5 ________________________________________

3.

cobalt(III) oxide ________________________________________

4.

barium phosphide ________________________________________

5.

cadmium nitride ________________________________________

6.

Cu3P ________________________________________

7.

Ag2S ________________________________________

8.

Sn3N4 ________________________________________

9.

radium iodide ________________________________________

10. beryllium selenide ________________________________________

11. Fe2S3 ________________________________________
12. SrO ________________________________________
13. CrCl2 ________________________________________
14. mercury(II) fluoride ________________________________________
15. lead(IV) bromide ________________________________________
16. CuSe ________________________________________
17. FeP ________________________________________
18. lithium oxide ________________________________________
19. cobalt(III) fluoride ________________________________________
20. CdI2 ________________________________________

Ternary Ionic Compounds Worksheet

If the name of the compound is given, write the formula. If the formula of the compound is given, write
the name.
1. calcium nitrite ________________________________________
2. BaSO4 ________________________________________
3. silver acetate ________________________________________
4. SrSO3 ________________________________________
5. nickel(II) phosphate ________________________________________
6. Na2CO3 ________________________________________
7. LiHCO3 ________________________________________
8. ammonium phosphate ________________________________________
9. Be(ClO)2 ________________________________________
10. aluminum oxalate ________________________________________
11. rubidium dichromate ________________________________________
12. KHSO3 ________________________________________
13. calcium hydroxide ________________________________________
14. manganese(II) silicate ________________________________________
15. HCN ________________________________________
16. cesium hydrogen sulfate ________________________________________
17. Ti(OH)4 ________________________________________
18. ammonium chloride ________________________________________
19. Ca(ClO3)2 ________________________________________
20. rubidium cyanate ________________________________________
21. copper(II) sulfate ________________________________________
22. CuCl ________________________________________
23. iron(II) arsenate ________________________________________
24. NH4OH ________________________________________

Latin Nomenclature

Some ions have Latin names for them that are commonly used. When there are two possible charges for
similar ions, the lower of the two is the -ous ion and the higher of the two is the -ic ion.
For your information, the Latin roots for the name of the metals are: Cu cupr, Fe ferr, Cr chrom, Sn
stann, Co cobalt, and Pb plumb.
Cu+ - copper(I) ion cuprous ion
Cu2+ - copper(II) ion cupric ion
2+
Fe - iron(II) ion ferrous ion
Fe3+ - iron(III) ion - ferric ion
Cr2+ - chromium(II) ion chromous ion
Cr3+ - chromium(III) ion chromic ion
2+
Sn - tin(II) ion stannous ion
Sn4+ - tin(IV) ion stannic ion
Pb2+ - lead(II) ion plumbous ion
Pb4+ - lead(IV) ion plumbic ion
You must learn all of these Latin names. Remember the lower of the two is ous and the higher of the
two is ic.
Name the following compounds with both methods:
1. Fe2O3 iron(III) oxide

ferric oxide

3.SnO2 ______________________________

2. Cu2O ____________________ _
4.PbO ___________________________

Hydrate Nomenclature
hydrate a compound that releases water when heated
Example:
CuSO45H2O
Cu
SO4

5
copper(II)
sulfate
part of the compound penta hydrate

H2 O

__magnesium sulfate heptahydrate_______

Example:
MgSO47H2O
Example: aluminum chloride hexahydrate _____AlCl36H2O________________
Name the following hydrates:
1.

MgCl26H2O =

2.Cd(NO3)24H2O =

3.ZnCl26H2O =

4.Na2S2O35H2O =

5.CaCl22H2O =
Write the formulas for the following hydrates:
1.barium hydroxide octahydrate ______________________________
2.

sodium sulfate decahydrate ______________________________

3.

lithium chloride tetrahydrate ______________________________

4.

cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate ______________________________

5.

sodium carbonate decahydrate ______________________________

All Ionic Compounds Worksheet

If the name of the compound is given, write the formula. If the formula of the compound is given, write
the name.
1. lead(II) nitrate ________________________________________

2. sodium carbonate ________________________________________

3. potassium iodide ________________________________________
4. AgNO3 ________________________________________
5. barium nitrate ________________________________________
6. Na2SO3 ________________________________________
7. potassium carbonate ________________________________________
8. sodium nitrate ________________________________________
9. barium acetate ________________________________________
10. hydrogen peroxide ________________________________________
11. potassium biphosphate ________________________________________
12. Ba(OH)2 ________________________________________
13. FeCl3 (use the Latin nomenclature)___________________________________
14. Fe3(PO4)2 ________________________________________
15. aluminum sulfate ________________________________________
16. calcium hydroxide ________________________________________
17. tin(II) oxide ________________________________________
18. aluminum hydrogen carbonate ________________________________________
19. sodium perchlorate ________________________________________
20. copper(I) dichromate ________________________________________
21. potassium selenide ________________________________________
22. 22. ZnS ________________________________________
23. stannic dichromate ________________________________________
24. sodium hydrogen phosphate ________________________________________
25. Fe(ClO)2 ________________________________________
26. NH4CH3COO ________________________________________
27. copper(II) nitrate ________________________________________
28. potassium hypochlorite ________________________________________
29. iron(III) chromate ________________________________________
30. Ag2SO4 ________________________________________

Molecular Compound Nomenclature

Molecular compounds are composed of individually covalently bonded atoms. The simplest unit of a
molecular compound is called a molecule. These compounds are composed of all nonmetals. They are
sometimes called covalent compounds.
One system for naming these compounds is based on the use of prefixes.
monodi-

one
two

tritetrapentahexaheptaoctanonadeca-

three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten

When naming the molecular compound, the prefix that indicates the number of each atom is placed
before the atom in the name. All molecular compounds end in -ide.

Example:

N2O

IS

dinitrogen monoxide

NOT dinitride monoxide (the first element does not end in -ide)
NOT dinitrogen monoxygen (the second element should end in -ide)
NOT dinitrogen monooxide (often the o is dropped before a vowel)
Also, mono is not used to indicate one atom if it applies to the first atom.
Example:

CO

IS

carbon monoxide

NOT monocarbon monoxide (no mono necessary to indicate the first)

NOT carbon oxide (the mono is necessary to indicate the number of O)
NOT carbon monooxide (often the o is dropped before a vowel)

Molecular Compounds Worksheet

If the name of the compound is given, write the formula. If the formula is given, write the name.
1. CF4 ________________________________________
2. N2O5 ________________________________________
3. CS2 ________________________________________
4. SO3 ________________________________________
5. P4O8 ________________________________________
6. iodine tribromide ________________________________________
7. chlorine dioxide ________________________________________
8. sulfur hexafluoride ________________________________________
9. difluorine octachloride ________________________________________

10. tribromine nonatelluride ________________________________________

11. H2O ________________________________________
12. P2S4 ________________________________________
13. N2O4 ________________________________________
14. XeF4 ________________________________________
15. SI4 ________________________________________
16. carbon dioxide ________________________________________
17. trinitrogen hexabromide ________________________________________
18. diiodine heptaselenide ________________________________________
19. CO ________________________________________
20. dicarbon octafluoride ________________________________________
21. P4O10 ________________________________________
22. Si3N4 ________________________________________
23. Cl2S7 ________________________________________
24. NBr5 ________________________________________
25. phosphorus trichloride ________________________________________
26. PI3 ________________________________________
27. disulfur trioxide ________________________________________
28. PCl5 ________________________________________
29. diiodine dichloride ________________________________________
30. dinitrogen monoxide ________________________________________
31. I4O9 ________________________________________
32. dihydrogen monoxide ________________________________________

Acid Nomenclature
If a hydrogen atom, H, (1p+, 1e-, 0no) loses an electron to become a hydrogen ion, H+, what is left? Only
a proton is left. So, sometimes, a proton is written as H+.
Often, an acid is referred to as a proton donor. If something is a proton donor, it has an H+ in the
formula to donate to another substance during a chemical reaction.
There are many definitions of acids. For naming purposes, we will only be naming acids that begin with
H in the formula.
Acids are said to be aqueous. Aqueous means something is dissolved in water. It is written as (aq),
although acids are not always written with the (aq).
binary acid an acid that contains only two different elements: hydrogen and one of the more
electronegative elements
Example: HCl(aq) hydrochloric acid
oxyacid an acid that contains hydrogen, oxygen and a third element, usually a nonmetal. Example:
HNO3(aq) nitric acid

NAMING RULES: Since all the acids we are naming begin with a hydrogen ion, they are differentiated
by the anion in the formula. If the anion is identified, then the acid can be named.
-ide ions hydro__stem___ic acid Ex: HCl(aq) Cl- chloride ion

hydrochloric acid

-ite ions _____ stem _____ous acid Ex: HClO2(aq) ClO2- chlorite ion
-ate ions

_____ stem _____ic acid

chlorous acid

Ex: HClO3(aq) ClO3- chlorate ion

chloric acid

Sulfur and phosphorus are exceptions. For sulfur you place sulfur in the blank. For phosphorus, you
place phosphor in the blank.
When taking the name and writing the formula, be sure to combine the appropriate amount of H+ with the
anion to make a neutral compound.
Example: phosphoric acid

phosphor-ic acid is from the phosphate ion, PO43Therefore the formula is H3PO4(aq).

So, if the citrate ion is C6H5O73-, what is the formula for citric acid?

More Acids
monoprotic acid diprotic acid triprotic acid polyprotic acid -

______________________________________________________________________________

Acids Worksheet
If the name of the acid is given, write the formula. If the formula of the acid is given, write the name.
1. hydrocyanic acid ________________________________________
2. dichromic acid ________________________________________
3. hydrobromic acid ________________________________________
4. nitrous acid ________________________________________
5. sulfuric acid ________________________________________
6. H2SiO3(aq)________________________________________

7. HF(aq) ________________________________________
8. H3PO3(aq) ________________________________________
9. H2CO3(aq) ________________________________________
10. H2S(aq) ________________________________________
11. acetic acid ________________________________________
12. sulfurous acid ________________________________________
13. perchloric acid ________________________________________
14. hydroselenic acid ________________________________________
15. carbonic acid ________________________________________
16. HClO(aq) ________________________________________
17. HClO2(aq) ________________________________________
18. H2C2O4(aq) ________________________________________
19. H3P(aq) ________________________________________
20. HMnO4(aq) ________________________________________
21. hydrochloric acid ________________________________________
22. chromic acid ________________________________________
23. phosphoric acid ________________________________________
24. HCl(g) ________________________________________

Chapter Review of All Naming

If the name of the substance is given, write the formula. If the formula is given, write the name.
1. cadmium nitrate ______________________________
2. chromate ion ______________________________
3. dinitrogen monoxide ______________________________
4. potassium bromide ______________________________
5. nitrous acid ______________________________
6. HPO42- ______________________________
7. PCl3 ______________________________
8. V2O5 ______________________________
9. HClO4 ______________________________

10. BaSO4 ______________________________

11. sulfur hexafluoride ______________________________
12. cuprous oxide ______________________________
13. sulfuric acid ______________________________
14. hydrogen peroxide ______________________________
15. carbonate ion ______________________________
16. BaO ______________________________
17. HClO2 ______________________________
18. SrSO3 ______________________________
19. Fe ______________________________
20. acetic acid ______________________________
21. CBr4 ______________________________
22. hypochlorite ion ______________________________
23. (NH4)2SO46H2O ______________________________
24. calcium hydroxide ______________________________
25. Na2CO3 ______________________________
26. Cu3P ______________________________
27. HI ______________________________
28. lead(II) acetate ______________________________

Polyatomic Ion Practice

(Some of these, you did not have to memorize.)

NO2-

__________________________________ hydroxide ion _______________

CO32-

SCN-

__________________________________ hydrogen
sulfate
ion
___________
__________________________________ hydrogen
phosphate
ion
________
__________________________________ hydrogen
carbonate
ion
________
__________________________________ chlorate ion _______________

H2PO4-

__________________________________

B4O72HSO3-

ammonium ion
_______________

C2O42-

H3O+

__________________________________ perchlorate
ion
_______________
__________________________________ hypochlorite ion
______________
__________________________________ nitrate ion
_______________

AsO43-

__________________________________ cyanide ion

_______________

NH4+

__________________________________ sulfate ion

_______________

MnO4-

__________________________________ sulfite ion

_______________

BO33-

__________________________________

PO43-

__________________________________ chlorite ion

_______________

Cr2
O72
O22-

__________________________________

_______________

I3-

__________________________________ cyanate ion

PO33-

chromate ion _____________

acetate ion

__________________________________ thiosulfate ion _______________

_______________