Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust

Proposal for Establishing 1X250MW TPP

Near Tuticorin, Tamilnadu

Feasibility Report

June 2010

FICHTNER Consulting Engineers (India) Private Limited

Chennai, India

Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Table of Contents
1.

Introduction and Background ..................................................................................................4

2.

Site Features..............................................................................................................................4

3.

Project location .........................................................................................................................5

3.1

Access..............................................................................................................................5

4.

Evaluation & Recommendations .............................................................................................6

5.

Necessity and Justification of the Project..............................................................................8

6.

7.

8.

5.1

Extent of land requirement .............................................................................................11

5.2

Project Schedule and Implementation ...........................................................................12

Salient Technical Concepts ...................................................................................................12

6.1

Main plant.......................................................................................................................12

6.2

Steam Generator and Accessories ................................................................................13

6.3

Cooling Water System ...................................................................................................14

6.4

Water Requirement ........................................................................................................14

6.5

Coal Handling System....................................................................................................14

6.6

Coal Linkage & Transportation ......................................................................................15

6.7

Ash Handling System.....................................................................................................15

Electrical System.....................................................................................................................16
7.1

Power Evacuation ..........................................................................................................16

7.2

Construction Power........................................................................................................16

Environmental and Pollution Aspects ..................................................................................16

Appendix - 1 Key Features of the Project site.................................................................19
Appendix - 2 Typical Coal Analysis .................................................................................21
Appendix - 3 Typical Fuel Oil Analysis............................................................................22
Appendix - 4 Indicative Seawater Analysis .....................................................................23
Appendix - 5 Financial and Plant Data............................................................................24

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

List of Abbreviations
Abbreviation

Expansion

AC

Air Conditioning

APH

Air PreHeater

BMCR

Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating

BTG

Boiler Turbine and Generator

CEA

Central Electricity Authority

CERC

Central Electricity Regulatory Commission

CPCB

Central Pollution Control Board

CRZ

Coastal Regulation Zone

CT

Cooling Tower

CW

Cooling Water

DM

Demineralised

DMCW

DeMineralised Cooling Water

DP

Desalination Plant

EPC

Engineering, Procurement and Construction

ESP

Electro Static Precipitator

FGD

Flue Gas Desulphurisation

GCV

Gross Calorific Value

HEA

High Energy arc

HFO

Heavy Fuel Oil

IPP

Independent Power Producers

LDO

Light Diesel Oil

MOEF

Ministry of Environment and Forest

MPa

Mega Pascal

NFPA

National Fire Protection Association

O&M

Operation and Maintenance

PLF

Plant Load Factor

PPA

Power Purchase Agreement

SH/NH

State/National Highway

SIR

Special Investment Region

SPV

Special Purpose Vehicle

TMCR

Turbine Maximum Continuous Rating

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

1.

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

The Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Charitable and Educational Trust, founded in the year 1994, by
Shri.A.Srinivasan, has been in the forefront of providing quality education at affordable cost
in the region of Perambalur. The trust founded out of an immense passion for contributing to
the society, strives to promote the cause of education. The trust today runs 16 instututions,
technical & non technical, in and round Perambalur catering to the educational quest of the
students. These institutions are corner stones of affordable quality education.
M/s. Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Sugars Pvt. Ltd., a group company of Dhanalakshmi
Srinivasan Educational Institutions aims to promote an integrated sugar complex with
3500TCD sugar plant, 23MW cogeneration plant and 60KLPD Multi Product Distillation Unit
at Udumbiyam Village, Veppanthattai Taluk, Perambalur District in Tamilnadu
Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Group, is currently interested for entering into Power Generation
field and in establishing a coal based 1x250 MW Thermal Power Plant in the District of
Tuticorin, Tamilnadu
In this context, for installation of the thermal Power Project, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Group
have appointed Fichtner Consulting Engineers (I) Pvt. Ltd., Chennai as their Consultant/
Engineer for preparation of Detailed Project Report of the Project. Accordingly, site visit for
the proposed project areas was arranged and joint inspection was held. The pre-feasibility
study is intended to aid such preliminary evaluation of the project taking into consideration,
the proposed sites features and the land suitability. The details and conclusions provided
here are based on our understanding of the project site proposed, the data collected at the
project site and our experience.

2.

SITE FEATURES
Four sites were inspected near Tuticorin and are detailed below:
Site 1

: Eppothum Ventran Village (at a distance of 26 Km from Tuticorin)

Site 2

: S.kumarapuram Village (at a distance of 17.5 Km from Tuticorin)

Site 3

: Ottapidaram Village (at a distance of 13km from Tuticorin)

Site 4

: K.Shanmugapuram Village (at a distance of 11 Km from Tuticorin)

In and around Tuticorin, large numbers of thermal Power plants are under consideration, as
indicated below:
1. TTPS- Stage IV by SEPC 1 X 525 MW
2. TTPS extension by TNEB / NLC 2X 500 MW
3. Ind- Bharath 3 X 75 MW
4. Coastal EnerGen- 2 X 660 MW
5. Udangudi SCTP- TNEB/ BHEL 2 X 800 MW
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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Bringing coal through Tuticorin Port is playing a vital role in the installation of the above
Projects and the same advantage is applicable to the proposed project also.

3.

PROJECT LOCATION

3.1

Access

Site-1 (Eppothum Vendran):

The proposed site is very near to National Highway No.NH-45B connecting Tuticorin &
Madurai and the nearest city is Tuticorin which is 26 KM from the proposed site. The nearest
Tuticorin Airport is 40kms away from the site, Tuticorin Harbor is 34kms away and Tuticorin
Railway Station is 30kms away from the proposed site. The nearest approach road to the site
is NH-45B which is just 500m away and the source of sea water from Gulf of mannar and it is
located 22km away from the site. The Ind-Bharath Power India Ltd having a Bio-mass power
plant nearby and their coal based TPP having a capacity of 3x75MW is about 10 kM away.
The site is not having any habitant inside.
Site-2 (S.Kumarapuram):
The proposed site is very near to National Highway No.NH-45B connecting Tuticorin &
Madurai and it is located at about 8 kM away from the above site and about 17.5 kM away
from Tuticorin town. The source of sea water from the Gulf of Mannar is 17.5 km away from
the site. The site is not having any habitant inside.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Site-3 (Ottapidaram):
The proposed site is very near to National Highway No.NH-45B connecting Tuticorin &
Madurai and it is located at about13 kM away from Tuticorin Town. The source of sea water
from the Gulf of Mannar is about 7.0 km away from the site. The site is not having any
habitant inside.
Site-4 (K.Shanmugapuram):
The proposed site is very near to Kurukusalai to Vilathikulam state highway and at a distance
of 10km in the eastern direction from Kurukkusalai. The nearest National Highway No.NH-45
(East coast road) connecting Tuticorin & Ramanathapuram at a distance of 5 km from the
site. The nearest city is Tuticorin which is 11 km away from the proposed site. The nearest
Airport (35 kms), Harbor (20 kms) and Railway Station (22 kms) for the proposed site are also
Tuticorin.

4.

EVALUATION & RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the above aspects and various site features of the four sites are shown below:

Sl.
No

Particulars

Site-1
Eppothum
Ventran
1400 acres (For
Sale deed)
2000 acres (Total
area available up
to maximum)

Site-2
S.kumarapuram

Site-3
Ottapidaram

Site-4
K.Shanmugapuram

600 acres (For Sale

deed) 830 acres
(Total area
available up to
maximum)

650 acres (For Sale

deed) 1200 acres
(Total area available
up to maximum)

200 acres (For Sale

deed) 630 acres
(Total area available
up to maximum)

Private

Private

Private

Private

1.

Land Availability

2.

Land Ownership

3.

Present Land Use

Waste land

Partially Waste
land & Cultivation
land

Waste land only

Waste land only

4.

Distance from Sea

Water

22km

17.5km

7km

5km

5.

Fuel SourceEstablishing Coal

Jetty & Coal
Movement

22 Km from sea

17.5 Km from sea

7 Km from sea and

5 Km from sea

6.

Power Evacuation
(400kV)

PGCIL have to be
approached

PGCIL have to be
approached

PGCIL have to be
approached

PGCIL have to be
approached

7.

Accessibility

0.5km from
National high way
(NH-45B)
connecting
Tuticorin to
Madurai & 26km
from Tuticorin
Town.

1km from National

high way (NH-45B)
connecting
Tuticorin to
Madurai & 17.5km
from Tuticorin
Town.

Touching national
high way (TuticorinMadurai) and 5Km
from ECR and 13
kM from Tuticorin
Town

1km from National

high way (NH-45B)
connecting Tuticorin
to Madurai &
17.5km from
Tuticorin Town.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur
Sl.
No

Particulars
water

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Site-1
Eppothum
Ventran
22 Km from sea
and to cross Two
high ways to
establish the
cooling water
drawal

Site-2
S.kumarapuram

Site-3
Ottapidaram

Site-4
K.Shanmugapuram

17.5 Km from sea

and have to cross
Two high ways to
establish the
cooling water
drawal

7Km from sea and

to cross ECR and
45B establish
cooling water from
sea

5 Km from sea and

have to cross ECR
high ways to
establish cooling
water drawal

8.

Cooling
availability

9.

Environmental
Considerations

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

10.

Population to be
displaced

YES

YES

NIL

NIL

11.

Remarks

Poor site
accessibility due
to Coal transporttation and Sea
water intake
facilities (22km
away from Gulf
of mannar &
34km from Port)

Poor site
accessibility due
to Coal transportation and Sea
water intake
facilities (17.5km
away from Gulf of
mannar & 34km
from Port)

Suitable Site

Suitable Site

Recommendation:
Out of the four sites inspected site no.3 (Ottapidaram) is considered to be best suited for the
project in view of land availability and coal transportation modalities. The proposed site
comprises of mostly barren land and there is no agriculture, cultivation or buildings existing in
the proposed land to be acquired for the thermal station.
The scarcely populated villages are located outside the proposed area. Hence the identified
land will not have any rehabilitation and resettlement (R&R) issue.
Topography of the proposed site appears almost flat, requiring no major filling/cutting works.
Ponds, wells are not available / existing within the proposed site. But some leveling of the site
has to be carried out, if found necessary. There is no rock and the entire area is fine Black &
Red mixed soil type and there is no ground water available inside the plant area. One dry
water canal which is not in use for many years is available at northern side.
No preliminary works such as topography survey and soil testing have been conducted at the
proposed site to identify the soil characteristics.
Following factors are influencing the selection of the site:
a. Proposed site is nearer to Harbor at Tuticorin for utilizing unloading transportation
facilities of coal. Railway siding from Madurai to Tuticorin line can be considered as a
viable option for transporting coal to the plant when the above line comes into existence,
which is in the proposal stage.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

b. Availability of adequate cooling water from sea (Gulf of Mannar). However pipe line
routing has to be finalized during detail engineering.
c.

Availability of adequate land for locating the power plant adjacent to the national highway
from Madurai to Tuticorin and from ECR which is 5 KM from the proposed site.

d. Suitability of land from topography and geological aspects.

e. Proximity of National Highways for transport of fuel & heavy equipments.
f.

Facility for interconnection with transmission system for evacuation of power. At present
the nearest 400 kV substation from the proposed site is at Abisekapatti Substation near
Tirunelvely which is 50kM away from the site, controlled by Power Grid Corporation of
India Limited (PGCIL). It is expected that PGCIL will have their future 400kV Substation in
and around Tuticorin, since more power projects are coming up in the vicinity and
requested for Long Term Open Access (LTOA) from PGCIL.

g. Environmental aspects are conducive for installation of high capacity plant.

h. Availability of infrastructure facilities at Tuticorin.
Considering the above, the proposed Ottapidaram site (Site No.3) is very suitable for putting
up of 1 X 250 MW Thermal power plant.

5.

NECESSITY AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT

Lack of availability of sufficient electric power has always been one of the greatest deterrents
to the growth of industry in the state. To mitigate the gap between demand and supply,
installation of power projects of any capacity will help to a great extent. In this direction, the
proposal of DSG, to install 1x250MW in the district of Tuticorin, will be of immense use to the
state and to the southern Grid as well. The availability of power in Tamilnadu and the
Southern Region and the anticipated shortage are brought out in various surveys conducted
by Government of India as shown below:

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

PEAK & ENERGY TABLE

In view of the above deficiency in peak demand (MW) and Energy Demand (GWhr), it is
absolutely justifiable to have the 250MW TPP installed in a location where the coal and
cooling water requirements can be made available and there is no R &R issue for locating the
plant. The total cost of the project including Interest During Construction (IDC) and Financing
Charges (FC) works out to Rs. 13190.34 Millions (Rs. 5.28 Crores/MW) and the energy cost
during first year of operation works out to Rs. 3.25 per unit.
5.1

Extent of land requirement

The land required for putting up 1 x 250 MW Power Plant is summarized below;
Area in
Acres
30

Sl.No.

Description

Power Block

Coal Area

60

Water Treatment Block, Fuel oil area, Workshop,

Roads, Laydown area, etc.

100

Cooling Water Channel, pumping and piping system

75

Switchyard

20

Administration Block and non plant facilities

45

Ash Dyke

25

Township

100

Green Belt

195

Total

650

The area required will be trimmed during preparation of the DPR.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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5.2

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Project Schedule and Implementation

The project schedule is to synchronise the 250 MW unit in 33 months reckoned from the date
of award of the Main Power Equipment (viz.) STG package (Supply, erection &
commissioning) contract for the project. This schedule is based on in-house estimates of
equipment delivery and construction schedules. The first synchronization of the unit will be
three months ahead of commercial operation date (COD), thereby indicating that the unit will
be on COD from 36 months from the date of placement of order for the main equipments
It is proposed to execute the project under the following four (4) major EPCs:
1. Main Power Plant EPC,
2. Sea Water Intake and outfall with terminal point at the plant boundary
3. Coal transportation which will include unloading of coal at the port, intermediate storage
near port area and transporting by trucks up to the plant unloading area.
4. Other balance of plant including water treatment plant, coal and ash handling system, fire
protection system, plant compressed air system, fuel oil handling system, electrical
systems including 400kV switch yard, etc.

6.

SALIENT TECHNICAL CONCEPTS

6.1

Main plant

6.1.1

Steam Turbine
The steam turbine will be 3000 rpm, tandem compound, single reheat, double casing,
regenerative, condensing, horizontally split, three-cylinder machine with six (6) uncontrolled
extractions for regenerative feed water heating. The turbine will be designed for main steam
parameters of 152 kg/cm(abs) at 540C5C before emergency stop valves of HP turbine
and reheat steam parameters of 36 kg/cm (abs) and 540C5C at inlet to IP turbine. The LP
turbine will exhaust against a condenser pressure of about 0.085 kg/cm2 (abs). At turbine
valve wide open (VWO) condition the turbo-generator set will be able to operate continuously
with a throttle steam flow of about 105% turbine MCR condition.

6.1.2

Condensing Equipment
Double pass surface condenser capable of maintaining the required vacuum while
condensing steam at the maximum rating of the turbine will be provided. Other recoverable
steam and condensate will also be routed to the condenser shells. The steam will be
condensed in the condenser by circulating water passing through the condenser tubes. The
condenser arrangement will be such that on-load maintenance of one half of the condenser at
a time is possible by isolating the same from cooling water inlet and outlet sides. The

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

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condenser will be of divided water box design with rolled steel construction of body and water
chamber. Tubes will be of titanium and tube sheet will be of mild steel with titatnium overlay to
maintain non-corrosive character for seawater cooling. The condensers will have integrated
air cooling zone and it should be designed so as to accept 60% quantity of steam during
turbine HP and LP bypass operation without any undue vibration, thermal stress etc. The
condenser axis will be at right angle to the turbo-generator axis.
6.2

Steam Generator and Accessories

6.2.1

Steam Generator
The steam generators will be drum type, natural circulation, water tube, direct pulverised coal
fired, balanced draft furnace, single reheat, radiant, dry bottom type, suitable for outdoor
installation, top supported and designed for firing 100% imported coal rated to deliver about
2

820 t/hr of superheated steam at 154 Kg/Cm (abs), 540C (5) when supplied with feed
water at a temperature of 246C at the economiser inlet.
The combustion system will be provided for pulverised coal firing with Low NOX type coal
burners. The steam generator will be equipped with a front, opposite or axial firing/tangential
firing system. The steam generators will be designed for continuous satisfactory operation
with the coal expected for this station without any need for auxiliary fuel oil for fire
stabilisation. The furnace will be conservatively designed for fuel to burn completely and to
avoid any slagging in the furnace and excessive fouling in the super heater sections of the
boiler. The design flue gas velocities will be carefully selected to minimise erosion of pressure
parts and other vital components on account of ash. The steam generators will be designed in
accordance with the latest provisions of Indian Boiler Regulations.
6.2.2

Electrostatic Precipitator
Each steam-generating unit will be provided with electro-static precipitators. Each precipitator
will have two parallel gas paths, any of which can be isolated for maintenance when required,
keeping the other path in operation. Each path will have six (6) fields in series for collection of
fly ash, of which, five (5) fields will be in service and the other one will remain as a standby.
3

The ESP will be such that the outlet flue gas dust content does not exceed 50 mg/Nm at
100% BMCR even when one field remains as standby / out of order.
6.2.3

Chimney
A concrete chimney has been proposed for this project. A chimney height of 220 mtrs has
been considered in accordance with the guidelines given by the Central Board for the
Prevention and Control of Water Pollution. The chimney will include openings sized and
located to coordinate with the presently specified configuration of ESP and also be easily
adapted to a future configuration that includes flue gas desulphurization equipment which will
be located in the flue gas stream between the ESP and the chimney. Suitable provisions shall

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

be made available to fix continuously monitoring equipments for measuring pollutants as per
Pollution Control Board norms
6.3

Cooling Water System

Since the Recommended site is located nearer to sea which is about 7 kM away from Gulf of
Mannar, the choice of cooling system will naturally be sea water system. The type of cooling
system for the condenser may be either of Induced/Natural draft cooling towers or once
through system. In case of once through system the possibility of restricting the hot water
temperature with in a limit of 5 deg C is not possible. So it is necessary to consider Natural /
Induced Draft Cooling Tower to control the blow down temperature letting out to the sea, by
taking blow down from cold water. In view of sea water system being used and to save
energy consumption, natural draft cooling tower is recommended. The cold water blow down
and the desalination plant reject will be let into the sea after carrying out thermal and salinity
dispersion study.

6.4

Water Requirement
Sea water requirement for the proposed 250 MW power plant will be met from the Gulf of
Mannar for make-up for the natural draft cooling tower and desalination plant. Cooling Tower
blow down water will be utilized for ash slurry / bottom ash system.
The detailed water balance will be decided during preparation of DPR.

6.5

Coal Handling System

The coal handling system comprises the following:
Unloading System, Crushing and Bunker Feeding System
Stacking, Reclaiming and Bunker Feeding System
Unloading System, Crushing and Bunker Feeding System
The unloading system shall be designed considering the receipt of coal by trucks and
Crushers shall be installed if size of coal receipt is +25mm.
Belt conveyor will feed Screens in crusher house. Over size (+) 25 mm coal will feed to Ring
granulator crushers for reducing to (-) 25mm size. Crushed coal from crushers and fines
separated from screens will be discharged on to belt conveyor which will feed to coal bunkers
through traveling trippers.
Stacking, Reclaiming, Crushing and Bunker Feeding System
When boiler bunkers are full, the crushed coal will be diverted to stockpile through yard
Conveyor. Reversible stacker cum reclaimer will be utilized for stacking and reclaiming.
Storage capacity of stockpile will be about 45 days. Stockpile will be comprise of trapezoidal

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

cross section on either side of stacker cum reclaimer. The coal from stock pile will be
reclaimed by stacker cum reclaimer, to feed onto reversible yard conveyor which will be
feeding in to bunkers through conveyor.
6.6

Coal Linkage & Transportation

Coal used for this project shall be 100% imported coal having the characteristics as furnished
in the appendix. It is envisaged that coal will land at Tuticorin Port by means of ships and it
will be forwarded to site through Trucks Alternatively coal can be moved to site by rail
depending upon the availability of railway lines during implementation of the project.
The coal linkage will be key to the planning of layout and ash dyke etc. and it is expected that
the proposal will be firmed up before going in for deciding the main equipments such as the
BTG, coal handling system and ash handling system.

6.7

Ash Handling System

Bottom Ash Removal System
Bottom Ash Removal System will consist of a refractory lined W-shaped, water impounded,
storage type, water-cooled bottom ash hopper located directly below the bottom water wall
header of boiler. Bottom ash (BA) will be collected continuously. BA hopper will be provided
with clinker grinders to limit the size of clinkers. Bottom ash and economiser ash slurry will be
collected in the hydrobin and further disposed by the trucks. In emergency case, i.e. nonavailability of ash utilization, bottom ash slurry will be diverted to ash slurry sump and further
to ash pond.
Fly Ash Removal System
Fly ash collected in Air pre-heater hoppers and ESP hoppers will be evacuated by vacuum
cum pressure conveying system.
Fly ash can be disposed off in dry mode through buffer hopper. The dry fly ash collected in fly
ash silos will be transported using trucks.
In case of emergency, i.e. non-availability of fly ash utilization, fly ash will be disposed in wet
mode through collector tank and disposed to ash pond through slurry pump.
Ash Pond
For estimating the area required for ash dyke, fly ash utilization of 1 year and bottom ash
utilization of 3 years are considered for ash pond design.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Dry ash from the silos will be loaded in to trucks for utilization purpose. For the entire ash
handling system sea water can be used without any problem.

7.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

7.1

Power Evacuation
Export of Power from the proposed 1x250MW plant can be made through 400kV transmission
lines. At present nearest 400 kV substation from the proposed site is at Abisekapatti
Substation controlled by Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL). Hence depending
upon DSEPLs project schedule, availability of 400kV network at this nearest substation of
PGCIL has to be explored. Accordingly power evacuation voltage has to be finalized.
Moreover, DSEPLs plan for location of consumers to be considered for connecting to the
PGCIL / TNEB grid network. Based on the above, requirement of additional transmission lines
may be required for installation.
TNEB has already proposed to construct 400kV Substation along with the coming up
2 x 500MW TTPS extension of NLC & TNEB Joint venture project. Hence the power
evacuation through 400kV network of TNEB can also be considered an option.
A clear picture will evolve only after the projects which are under proposal / erection, come to
shape and PGCIL may also participate for power evacuation in this area. However, it will not
pose a problem while this project is taken up for execution.

7.2

Construction Power
Nearest 33kV grid network of TNEB, available at Eppodumventran at about 10KM from the
site can be utilized for tapping (on availability) construction power.

8.

ENVIRONMENTAL AND POLLUTION ASPECTS

The major environmental concerns for putting up the proposed power station are as follows;
a) Air pollution
b) Water pollution
c) Noise pollution
a) Air Pollution
The Air pollutants from the proposed units shall be controlled by selecting the appropriate
equipment/systems as listed below.

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FICHTNER INDIA

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

1. SOx Emissions
Presently there is no legislation or norms for limiting the SO2 emissions from coal based
thermal power plants. Currently sulphur dioxide levels are controlled by dispersing the
pollutant to atmosphere through a tall stack.
The minimum stack height to be maintained to keep the sulphur dioxide level in the
ambient within the air quality standards, as furnished below:
Stack Height Requirement for Sulphur Dioxide Control
Generation Capacity

Stack Height

Less than 200 MW

H=14(Q)

200 MW & more to less than 500 MW

220 m

500 MW and more

275 m

0.3

Where,
Q

Sulphur dioxide emission rate in kg/h

Stack height in metres

With this, the stack height for the 250 MW unit under consideration will be 220 metres.
Currently there is no requirement for installing any Flue Gas Desulphuring (FGD)
equipment. However a provision will be made in the plant layout for installing a FGD plant
in future if required.
2. NOx Emissions
Presently there are no limitations for NOx emissions from the coal fired power plants.
Therefore, special equipment/systems for NOx control are not envisaged.
However the power plant will use coal burners of proven, advanced design to reduce
NOX production, and the steam generator furnace will be provided with over-fire air ports
to further reduce NOX production.
3. CO Emissions
Carbon monoxide (CO) another kind of pollutant hardly exists in the modern power
stations as design of combustion control equipment and the furnace eliminates, almost
completely the possibility of incomplete combustion. The ground level concentration is
expected to be within the limit prescribed by ministry of environment and forest.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

4. Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM)

For thermal power stations, depending upon the requirement of local situation, such as
protected area, the State Pollution Control Boards and other implementing agencies
under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, prescribe a limit of 100 mg/Nm3 for
particulate matter, irrespective of generation capacity of the plant. The efficiency of the
electrostatic precipitators which remove most of the fly ash from the flue gas, thereby
limiting the quantity of fly ash emitted to atmosphere and the height of the stack which
disperses the pollutants will be around 99.9% to meet the norms of Central Pollution
Control Board (CPCB). However, it will be ensured that particulate emission will be limited
to 50 mg/Nm3.
b) Water Pollution
As far as possible, the waste water generated in the plant will be treated and collected in
the guard pond and utilized in the plant. However in case of excess waste during rainy
season / flood water shall be discharged to the natural drainage system available. It is
envisaged to develop the guard pond to be located suitably near the water treatment
plant.

The capacity of the pond would be adequate to store 24-hours design liquid

effluent discharge from the station.

c) Noise Pollution
The noise level at plant boundary during normal operation is ensured by proper selection
of the system and controlling noise level from originating equipment.
d) Green Belt
Adequate green belt would be developed in and around the project area and the ash
disposal area satisfying the requirement of state as well as Central Pollution Control
Board (CPCB). Plantation near coal stacks and the ash silo area to arrest fugitive dust
are also proposed. These green belts, apart from arresting air-borne dust particles and
acting as noise-barrier, would help in improvement of ecology and aesthetics of the area.

Doc. No. 1101113-ME-FSR-700-001

FICHTNER INDIA

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Appendix - 1
Key Features of the Project site
1.0

Project Site

Ottapidaram Village

2.0

Approach to site

2.1

Nearest town

Tuticorin (13 km away from the site)

2.2

Nearest Railway Station

Tuticorin (15 km away from the site)

2.3

Nearest Sea Port

Tuticorin Port (23 km away from site)

2.4

Nearest Airport

Tuticorin (28 km away from site)

3.0

Access Roads

NH-45 highway connecting Tuticorin

Madurai is adjacent to the site

4.0

Atmospheric Conditions

Hot, humid and corrosive - close to Sea

front

5.0

Seismic data

As per IS:1893-Latest

5.1

Zone

II

5.2

Intensity

As per IS:1893-Latest

5.3

Importance factor

1.5

5.4

Soil foundation factor

1.6

6.0

Meteorological data

6.1

Ambient Air Temperature

Average Monthly Maximum dry
bulb temperature

40C

Average Monthly Minimum dry

bulb temperature

21C

Multi year annual mean rain fall

808.5 mm

Annual rainfall (Minimum)

450.5 mm

Multi year annual daily maximum

rain fall

166.6 mm

6.2

Rainfall

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

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6.3

6.4

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Wind velocity
Mean wind velocity

15 km/hr

Prominent Wind direction

North, North east

Mean Maximum humidity

(Summer)

94%

Mean Minimum humidity

(Summer)

60%

Average Monthly Relative humidity

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report
Appendix - 2

Typical Coal Analysis

Detail of analysis

Unit

As Received Basis

% Wt

30

Kcal/kg

4500

Proximate analysis

Unit

Air Dried Basis

Inherent Moisture

% Wt

14.5

Volatile Matter

% Wt

40

Total Moisture
GCV

Ash

10

Fixed Carbon

35.5

GCV (kcal/kg.)

5500

Ash Fusion Temperature :

IDT 1200 deg C

Grindability Index

42

Dry ash free basis

(%) Wt

Ultimate Analysis

Carbon

75.06

Hydrogen

6.45

Nitrogen

0.85

Sulphur

0.84

Oxygen

16.8

Detailed Indonesian coal analysis to be obtained from the coal supplier.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report
Appendix - 3

Typical Fuel Oil Analysis

Furnace Oil (FO)
Density at 37C

960 kg/m

Kinematic Viscosity at 50oC

180-370 CSt

Sulphur by Weight Basis

4.5%

Water content by Weight Basis

Ash content by Weight Basis

1.00%
0.1%

Sediment by Weight Basis

0.25%

LHV

10465 kcal/kg

Light Distillate Oil (LDO)

o

Density at 37 C

800 kg/m
o

Kinematic Viscosity at 38 C

2-7 CSt

Pour Point (Maximum)

12-18C

Carbon by Weight Basis

0.2%

Sulphur by Weight Basis

1.0%

Water content by Weight Basis

0.05%

Ash content by Weight Basis

0.02%

Sediment by Weight Basis

1.00%

LHV

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report
Appendix - 4

Indicative Seawater Analysis

Parameters

Unit

PH

Value
8.505

Conductivity
Temperature at top surface

mmhos/m
Deg C

56385
32.0

Turbidity
Salinity

NTU
psu

15.54
37.275

Suspended solids
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)

mg/l
mg/l

11.55
<6

Cations:
Calcium as Ca

mg/l

429.45

Magnesium as Mg
Sodium as Na

mg/l
mg/l

1337.7
13230

Potassium as K
Ammonia as NH3

mg/l
mg/l

399
BDL

Strontium asSr
Barium as Ba

mg/l
mg/l

2.4885
BDL

Aluminum as Al (Total and dissolved)

Manganese as Mn

mg/l
mg/l

BDL/BDL
BDL/BDL

Iron as Fe (Total and dissolved)

Anions

mg/l

0.52/.26

Chloride as Cl
Sulfate as SO4

mg/l
mg/l

22142.4
3565.8

Nitrate as NO3
Nitrite as NO2

mg/l
mg/l

1.701
0.042

Bicarbonate as HCO3
Floride as F

mg/l
mg/l

147
1.47

Boron as B
Phosphate as PO4

mg/l
mg/l

1.449
0.1995

Sulfide/sulphide as H2S
Silica as SIO2 (Total and dissolved)

mg/l
mg/l

BDL
4.2/0.32

Other Parameters
Dissolved Oxygen

mg/l

5.88

Biological Oxygen Demand

Phenols

mg/l
mg/l

11.55
BDL

Chemical Oxygen Demand

Oil & Grease

mg/l
mg/l

65.1
<1

Zinc as Zn
Copper as Cu

mg/l
mg/l

0.1
BDL

Seawater Analysis near to site at Tuticorin is indicated above.

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Dhanalkshmi Srinivasan Charitable &

Educational Trust, Perambalur

Proposal for Establishing 1x250 MW TPP

Feasibility Report

Appendix - 5
Financial and Plant Data
Plant Life

years

Installed Capacity ( Average )

MW

Equity

Basic Return on Equity (RoE)

Loan Repayment Period

yrs

Loan Grace Period

yrs

Interest on loan

% p.a.

Quartely Interest Rate

Interest on loan ( Post Operative)

% p.a.

Interest on WC Loan

Target Availability

Aux. Power Consumption

Total Units Exported

Million kWHr

Fuel Source
GCV

kCal / Kg

Station Heat Rate (Gross)

kCal/ kWHr

Fuel (Coal) Cost

Rs. / Tonne

Fuel Cost Escalation

% pa

Transit & Handling Losses

Sec. Fuel (Fuel Oil) Cost

Rs. /KL

Sec. Fuel Cost Escalation

% pa

Fuel Oil Density

Kg/Lit

GCV of Fuel Oil

kCal/Kg
Kcal/lit

Specific fuel oil consumption

O&M

25
250
30%
16.00%
10
1
11.50%
2.76%
12.00%
12.00%

85.0%
8.5%
1703.27
Imported coal
4500
2339
2500
2.0%
0.8%
48000
4.0%
0.80
10465
8372

ml / kWh

1.00

Rs. Mio/MW

1.462
5.72%

O & M Escalation

% pa

Paid quarterly

Additional Compensation Allowance

0-10 Years

Rs. Mio/MW

11 to 15 years

Rs. Mio/MW

16 to 20 Years

Rs. Mio/MW

21 to 25 Years

Rs. Mio/MW

Water consumption

m3/h

Escalation

% p.a.

0.000
0.015
0.035
0.065
1451
0.00%

Depreciation
Plant & Machinery - For first 12 years

Plant & Machinery - For balance years

10.00%
5.28%
2.05%

12.00%

Residual value

Discount Rate

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