PETUNJUK TERJADINYA EVOLUSI

- Variation of Individuals in One Descendant

The fact in nature is never found exactly the same individual,

although in one descendant. The existence of these differences cause

variations. Variation is diversity of individuals in one descendant.
Individuals who experience variation called a variant. Variation or diversity
among the individuals in one lineage shows that there werent two
individuals have exactly the same characteristic. Variations of an
organism influences by genes and environmental factors.
Differences among individuals in one descendant caused by a merger of
genes from both parents which produce variation among the descents or can be
also caused by gene mutations. Beside the genetic factors, Darwin has known
that the differences in these individuals was also caused by the external or
environmental

factors

such

as

temperature,

soil,

and

foods.

So individual variation influenced by genetic variations and differences in

environmental conditions.

Example : We can regard the descendants of one family, each

person has unique characteristics despite having a parent /
ancestor of the same. Between brothers and sisters, twins
even though nothing is exactly the same, but the same
father and mother.

- Vestigial organ
Each individual's due the adaptation to the environment in order to
survive. From the process of adaptation, one thing that can happen is
rudimentary. Rudimentary is shrinking a section in the individual organs.
The organs which has rudimentary called vestigial organs. Vestigial organ
which is the organ that be the remains organ of an individual.
Vestigial organ in essence of a body tools that are not useful
anymore, but still found and there are huge numbers. The existence of the
vestigial organ in organisms body structure is considered as an evidence
and the rest of the way the evolution of vertebrate animals and humans.

Example : In humans there are 100 kinds, the rest of organs that are
found in humans, including muscle activator ears, tail bone,
appendix,

and

the

canines

teeth.

The vestigial organs in animals include the rest of the hind legs
on a phyton snake and reducing eye organ in fish, insects and
spiders that live in a dark cave.