-

.

.

(Gas Chromatography, GC)

(Liquid Chromatography, LC)

(CO2 50 15mPa)
(superficial
fluid chromatography, SFC).

:
(GSC)
(LSC).

(GLC)
, (LLC).

(, S, ECD, NPD, FPD
..)
.



1. (adsorption),



().

,
.



2. (partition absorption),

,

.
,
,

(reversed phase chromatography).



3. (ion chromatography),

.
4. (molecular
exclusion chromatography),
,
. ,

.
5. (affinity chromatography),


.
-

,
:



.
,
(
PC TLC)
,
,
, , .
-

,
.
,
,

.
(elution chromatography),


, .

,


.

,

.

,
.
-

K=

CS

CM

( )


.


(
)

.

.

VR


tR
F =
( / )

tR

VR
=
F

RF (retention
ratio)

RF =

L
R

tM

tM
=
tR

V
=
V

M
R

L = , tM = ( )
VM = ( )
-

, RF

,
.

RF =

VS =
CM :

VM
VM
RF =
=
VM + KVS VS

C M VM
=
C M V M + C SV S

V
V

M
R

VR = VM + KVS

VM VS
.
-

,
2,5 ml 4,2 ml.
14,7
8,32 .

VR = VM + KVS
VR,A = 4,2 + (14,7)(2,5) = 40,95 ml
VR,B = 4,2 + (8,32)(2,5) = 25 ml
VR = 40,95 25 = 15,95 ml
-

2 :

,
.

.
,

.

()
.

,

.


().

= h = L / n
n =



-


Gauss

n = 16 (t R , A / wb ) = 16 (V R , A / wb )
2

.

,
tR,A, V R,A, wb
.


.

n
h.

n h
van Deemter

B
h = A +
+ Cu
u
A, B C =
.
-

B
h = A+
+ Cu
u

. .

.

h.
/
(, ).

.
Cu )

)
. ,
,
(
).
-

: u = C

h = + 2 C

, C, ,
- 3
- n :

n = 5,54(tR, A / w1/ 2 ) = 5,54(VR, A / w1/ 2 )

2

- h

h = L /n

h h = A +

B
+ Cu
u

-
-

2
.
R :

t R ,B - t R , A
2( t R ,B - t R , A )
t R
R=
=
=
4
0,5(w + w B )
w +wB

R 1,5
-

.
.

k
'
N a 1
B
R=(
)(
)(
)
a 1+ k'
4
B
= / ( = )
= ( = (+)/2).
=
( )

VS
CSVS
'=
=K
CMVM
VM

:



, C

,

.
-

t R = t M (1 + k ' )

tm = (
=0)

t'R = tR tM

V'R =VR VM

rB/A

a=rB/ A =(t'R,B /t'R,A ) =(V'R,B /V'R,A ) =KB / KA

n = 16(t R , A / wb ) 2 = 16(VR , A / wb ) 2

k' 2
n N
N = n(
)

1+ k'

tR,A= 14,80 tR,= 16,14 min.
L= 40 cm. wA= 1,28 wB= 1,40 cm.
)
) )
)
1,50

:
) h = 0.3mm
h=0.2mm
) n = 20000 n
=10000
) = 0.5 = 0.2
) = 30.000 = 15.000

(GC).

tR (min) w (min)
8,36
0,96
-

9,54

0,64

-.