MATEMATIKA TEKNIK

GRAPHS
Pendidikan Teknik Mesin FKIP UNS

Indahwied

@2014

For today

Cartesian

& polar
coordinate
Straight line
Using Ms Excel

Reference:

Bird, John. Engineering Mathematics.

Chapter 24 & 28-29

Graphs
Pictorial representation on how a
quantity relates to other quantity
Most common method: Cartesian or
rectangular axes

Place a point in the graph

Cartesian co-ordinate
(x, y)

Polar co-ordinate
(r, )

From cartesian into polar

2 + 2

tan =

Express in the polar coordinate the

position (-4,3)

From polar into cartesian

= cos
= sin

Change (4, 30) into Cartesian coordinates

Straight line graphs

Gradient/Slope

Gradient/slope: ratio of the change in the

value of y to the change in the value of x
=

Positive & negative gradients

Problems

Plot the graph: = 3 + 3 and =

3 in the range x = -1 to x = 4

-1

From the graph, find the gradient and the

value of y when x = 2.2

Straight line form

Form: = +

What is m & c?

Problems

Determine, without plotting the graphs,

the gradient and intercept for each

=3
= 5 1
= 2
2 + 3 = 3

Linear functions
O Experimental result
Stress
(/ )
Strain

Linear functions

Hookes law
The stress is
directly
proportional to
strain within the
elastic limit of a
material

Practical problems (1)

When, for mild steel, the stress is

25106 Pascals, the strain is 0.000125.
Determine (a) the coefficient of proportionality
and (b) the value of strain when the stress is
18106 Pascals

Practical problems (2)

Experimental test to determine the

breaking stress of rolled copper at
various temperatures t gave the following
results

Stress (kPa)

6.5

5.5

4.5

0.5

Temperature (C)

20

30

50

70

100

150

Show that the value obey the law = +

where a & b are constants. Determine the
approximates values for a & b and determine
the stress at 250C

Solution
On hand calculation
Ms Excel calculation

Intercept
Slope