List of Important Abbreviations

APD

Avalanche photo diode

AWGN

Additive white Gaussian noise

ACO-OFDM

Asymmetrically clipped optical-OFDM

ATM

Asynchronous transfer mode

APSK

Amplitude and phase shift keying

ADSL

Asymmetry digital subscriber loop

AMOOFDM

Adaptively modulated optical OFDM

ADC

Analog-to-digital converter

ASE

Amplified spontaneous emission

BER

Bit error rate

BS

Base station

BPSK

Binary phase shift keying

BW

Bandwidth

CW

Continuous wave

CD

Chromatic dispersion

CDF

Cumulative density function

CCDF

Complementary cumulative density function

CFO

Carrier frequency offset

CP

Cyclic prefix

CDMA

Code division multiplexing access

CO-OFDM

Coherent optical-orthogonal frequency division

multiplexing

CoWDM

Coherent-wavelength division multiplexing

CO

Central office

CLT

Central limit theorem

CNR

Carrier to noise ratio

C-WDM

Coarse-wavelength division multiplexing

CoS

Cost of service

DWDM

Dense wavelength division multiplexing

xiii

List of Important Abbreviations

(contd..)

DCF

Dispersion compensation fiber

DFT

Discrete Fourier transform

DSL

Digital subscriber loop

DAB/DVD

Digital audio broadcasting /digital video broadcasting

DSB

Double side band

DSP

Digital signal processing

DMT

Discrete multitone

DQPSK

Differential quadrature phase-shift keying

DCO-OFDM

DC-biased optical-OFDM

DD-OFDM

Direct-detection OFDM

DML

Directly modulated laser

DGD

Differential group delay

DAC

Digital-to-analog converter

DS-CDMA

Direct sequence-code division multiple access

DFB

Distributed feedback laser

DCM

Dispersion compensating module

DEMUX

Demultiplexers

DEPN

Dispersion-enhanced phase noise

ECMA

European computer manufacturers association

EDFA

Erbium doped fiber amplifier

EM

Expectation-Maximization

FDMA

Frequency division multiple access

FFT

Fast Fourier transform

FDMA

Frequency division multiplexing access

FDM

Frequency division multiplexing

FEC

Forward error correction

FCC

Federal communications commission

FWM

Four wave mixing

GI

Graded index
xiv

List of Important Abbreviations

(contd..)

3GPP

Third generation partnership project

3G

Third generation

4G

Fourth generation

HDSL

High-bit-rate digital subscriber line

IEEE

Institute for electrical and electronics engineers

IDFT

Inverse discrete Fourier transform

IFFT

Inverse fast Fourier transform

ISI

Inter-symbol interference

ICI

Inter-carrier Interference

IM/DD

Intensity modulation/direct detection

IR

Infrared

LASER

Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

LAN

Local area networks

LED

Light emitting diode

LLR

Long likelihood ratio

LDPC

Low-density parity-check

LR-PONs

Long-reach passive optical networks

LLaser

Lorentzian laser

MIMO

Multiple-inputmultiple-output

MC-CDMA

Multi carrier-code division multiplexing access

MB-OFDM

Multi band-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

MFSK

Multiple frequency-shift keying

ML

Maximum likelihood

MRR

Micro ring resonator

MMF

Multimode fiber

MZM

Mach-Zender modulator

MZIM

Mach-Zehnder interferometer modulator

MPSK-OFDM

Multilevel phase-shift-keying-OFDM

MQAMODIQ

Model to generate the baseband I/Q components of QAM

xv

List of Important Abbreviations (contd..)

MA

Margin adaptive

MQADEMIQ

Model to retrieve the parallel logical signal from the QAM

symbol

MUX

Multiplexers

MQW Laser

Multi quantum well laser

NTT

Nippon telegraph and telephone

NRZ/RZ

Non-return-to-zero / return-to-zero

NRZ-OOFDM

Non-return-to-zero-optical OFDM

OFDM

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

OOFDM

Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

OOB

Out-of-band

OADM

Optical add drop multiplexing

OSNR

Optical signal-to-noise ratio

OOK

On-off keying

OVSF

Orthogonal variable spreading factor

OFDM-OQAM

OFDM- Offset quadrature amplitude modulation

OWC

Oscillating-water-column

PAPR

Peak to average power ratio

PDL

Polarization-dependent loss

PIN Photodiode

p and n regions separated by a very lighted n-doped

intrinsic region photodiode

PC-OFDM

Post coded-OFDM

PMD

Polarization mode dispersion

PSK

Phase shift keying

PCF

Photonic crystal fiber

PARSEV

Model to perform the conversion parallel to serial and

restore the transmitted serial binary sequence

PD

Photo detector

PTS

Partial transmit sequence

xvi

List of Important Abbreviations

(contd..)

PRBS

Pseudorandom binary sequence

QPSK

Quadrature phase shift keying

QAM

Quadrature amplitude modulation

QPSK-MC CDMA

Quadrature phase-shift keying-multi carrier-CDMA

QoS

Quality of service

QUADMIXIQ

Model to quadrature mix down the RF modulated OFDM

signal to baseband

RZ-DQPSK

Return-to-zero differential quadrature phase-shift keyed

RoF

Radio-over-fiber

RF

Radio frequency

RA

Raman amplifier

RGI

Reduced-guard interval

Rx

Receiver

SF

Spreading factor

SI

Step index

SBD

Stimulated Brillouin design

SBS

Stimulated Brillouin scattering

SFO

Sampling frequency offset

SRS

Stimulated Raman scattering

SNR

Signal to noise ratio

SLM

Selective mapping technique

SSMF

Standard single mode fiber

SSB

Signal sideband

SCM-WDM

Subcarrier multiplexing-wavelength division multiplexing

SISO

Single-input single-output

SEPAR

Serial to parallel

SCM

Sub carrier modulation

SCH-MQW

Separate confinement hetero-structure multi quantum well

lasers
xvii

List of Important Abbreviations

(contd..)

SPT

Standard penetration test

SOA

Semiconductor optical amplifier

SCATD

Scatter diagram

TAE

Tunable adaptive equalizer

TDMA

Time division multiplexing access

TI

Tone injection

TR

Tone reservation

Tr

Transmitter

UWB

Ultra wide band

UV

Ultraviolet

VBS

Virtual battle space

WDM

Wavelength-division multiplexing

WiMAX

Worldwide interoperability for microwave access

WDM-OFDM-PON

Wavelength-division-multiplexing-OFDM-passive-opticalnetwork

WAN

Wide area network

XPM

Cross phase modulation

XC-OFDM

Cross-channel OFDM

xviii