EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

1. Find the self GMD for each conductor configuration shown in Figure 1.
1.7036r; (b)GMR = 1.6921r]

[(a)GMR =

Figure 1:

Solution:
(a)
GMR =

p
3

GMR1 GMR2 GMR3

GMR1 = GMR3 = 3 0.7788r 2r 4r = 1.84r

GMR2 = 3 0.7788r 2r 2r = 1.4604r

GMR = 3 1.84r 1.4604r 1.84r = 1.7036r

(b)

GMR1 = GMR3 = 4 0.7788r 2r 2r 2r = 1.5798r

q

4
GMR2 = GMR4 = 0.7788r 2r 2r 12r = 1.8124r

GMR = 4 1.5798r 1.5798r 1.8124r 1.8124r = 1.6921r

2. Determine the inductance of a 3 phase line operating at 50 Hz and conductors arranged

as given in figure 2. The conductor diameter is 0.8 cm.
[L = 1.294mH/km]

Figure 2:

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

Solution:
GMR = 0.7788 0.004 = 0.0031152m
p
GMD = 6 (1.6 1.6)(1.6 3.2)(1.6 3.2) = 2.0158m
L = 2 107 ln

2.0158
= 1.294mH/km
0.0031152

3. Determine the inductance of a single phase transmission line consisting of three conductors of 2.5 mm radii in the go conductor and 5 mm radii in the return conductor. The
configuration of line is as shown in figure 3.[(a)L = 1.42mH/km; (b)L = 1.485mH/km]

Figure 3:

Solution:
(a)
GMRA =

p
3

GMRa GMRb GMRc

GMRa = GMRc = 3 0.7788 0.0025 6 12 = 0.51947m

GMRb = 3 0.7788 0.0025 6 6 = 0.4123m

GMRA = 3 0.51947 0.4123 0.51947 = 0.4809m

GMRB =

p
4

(0.7788 5 6)(0.7788 5 6) = 0.1528m

GMDA = GMDB =

9 10.81 9 10.81 10.81 15 = 10.74m

10.74
LA = 2 107 ln
= 0.62mH/km
0.4809

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

LB = 2 107 ln

10.74
= 0.8mH/km
0.1528

L = LA + LB = 1.42mH/km
(b)
GMRA =

p
3

GMRa = GMRc =

GMRb =

GMRa GMRb GMRc

0.7788 0.0025 4 8 = 0.3964m

0.7788 0.0025 4 4 = 0.3146m

GMRA = 3 0.3964 0.3146 0.3964 = 0.367m

GMRB =

GMDA = GMDB =

q
6

0.7788 5 4 = 0.1248m

68 10

LA = 2 107 ln

68

68

68 10 = 8.7936m

8.7936
= 0.635mH/km
0.367

LB = 2 107 ln

10.74
= 0.85mH/km
0.1248

L = LA + LB = 1.485mH/km
4. Determine the inductance per km of a transposed double circuit 3 phase line shown in
figure 4. Each circuit of the line remains on its own side. The dia of the conductor is
2.532 cm.
[L = 0.606mH/km]
Solution:
GMRA =

p
3

GMRa GMRb GMRc

4
ra Daa ra Da a
GMRa =

= 4 0.7788 0.01266 10.965 0.7788 0.01266 10.965 = 0.3288m

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

Figure 4:

4
GMRc =
rc Dcc rc Dc c

= 4 0.7788 0.01266 10.965 0.7788 0.01266 10.965 = 0.3288m

p

4
rb Dbb rb Db b
GMRb =

= 4 0.7788 0.01266 9 0.7788 0.01266 9 = 0.3288m

GMRA = 3 0.3288 0.2978 0.3288 = 0.3181m

p
GMD = 3 GMDab GMDbc GMDca
p

GMDab = 4 Dab Dab Da b Da b = 4 4.069 9.168 9.168 4.069 = 6.1077m

p

GMDbc = 4 Dbc Dbc Db c Db c = 4 4.069 9.168 9.168 4.069 = 6.1077m

p

GMDca = 4 Dca Dca Dc a Dc a = 4 8 7.5 7.5 8 = 7.7459m

GMD = 6.610m
L = 0.606mH/km

5. Determine the inductance per km per phase of a double circuit 3 phase line arranged as
shown in figure 5. The radius of each conductor is 15 mm. [L = 0.51035mH/km/ph]

Figure 5:

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

Solution:
GMRA =

GMRa GMRb GMRc

p
4

GMRa =
p
4

p
3

ra Daa ra Da a

0.7788 0.015 (1.75 3) 0.7788 0.015 (1.75 3) = 0.2476m

Since GMRa = GMRb = GMRc , GMR = GMRa = 0.2476m.

p

4
Dab Dab Da b Da b = 4 1.75 7 3.5 1.75 = 2.9431m
p

GMDbc = 4 Dbc Dbc Db c Db c = 4 1.75 7 3.5 1.75 = 2.9431m

p

GMDca = 4 Dca Dca Dc a Dc a = 4 3.5 1.75 8.75 3.5 = 3.7m

GMD = 3 2.9431 2.9431 3.7 = 3.1766m

GMDab =

L = 0.51035mH/km/ph

6. Find the inductive reactance per phase in /m and the capacitive reactance to neutral
in m for a three phase line that has equilaterally spaced conductors of ACSR Dove.
The distance between lines of various phases is 3.048m and the operating frequency is
60 Hz. From standard table, Dove GMR = 0.00954024 m, Dia of Conductor = 0.02354
m.
[XL = 4347.86 107 /m/ph, XC = 0.000265266 1012 m/ph]
Solution: Since conductors are spaced equilaterally,
GMD = 3.048m
GMR = 0.00954m
3.048
= 11.5334 107 H/m/ph
L = 2 107 ln
0.00954
XL = 2 3.1415 60 11.5334 107 = 4347.86 107 /m/ph
For calculation of C, we have to use radius of conductor as GMR.
C=

XC =

2 0
= 10 1012 F/m
3.048
ln
0.01177

1
= 0.000265266 1012 m/ph
12
2 3.1415 60 10 10

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

7. A 3 phase double circuit line is composed of 300,000-cmil 26/7 Ostrich conductors arranged as shown in Figure 6. Find the 60 Hz inductive reactance and capacitive reactance
in /km/ph and km/ph. From standard table, Ostrich GMR = 0.00697 m, Dia of
Conductor = 0.017272m.
[XL = 2311 107 /m/ph ,
XC = 0.000141117 1012 m/ph]

Figure 6:

Solution:
p

4
Dab Dab Da b Da b = 4 3.082 6.6792 6.6792 3.082 = 4.5371m
p

GMDbc = 4 Dbc Dbc Db c Db c = 4 3.082 6.6792 6.6792 3.082 = 4.5371m

p

GMDca = 4 Dca Dca Dca Dc a = 4 6.096 5.4864 5.4864 6.096 = 5.7831m

GMDab =

GMD =

GMRa =

q
4

4.5371 4.5371 5.7831 = 4.9192m

ra Daa ra Da a =

0.00697 8.201 0.00697 8.201 = 0.239m

Similarly, GMRc = 0.239m.

q

GMRb = 4 rc Dcc rc Dc c = 4 0.00697 6.4 0.00697 6.4 = 0.2112m

0.239 0.2112 0.239 = 0.2293m

4.9192
L = 2 107ln
= 6.131 107 H/m/ph
0.2293
GMR =

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

XL = 2 3.1415 60 6.131 107 = 2311 107 /m/ph

For calculation of capacitance of the line, r=0.008636 m.

GMRa = GMRc = 0.008636 8.2 = 0.266m

GMRb = 0.008636 6.4 = 0.2350m

GMR = 3 0.266 0.2350 0.266 = 0.255m

2 0
= 18.797 1012 F/m
C=
4.9192
ln
0.255
1
XC =
= 0.000141117 1012 m/ph
2 3.1415 60 18.797 1012
8. Each conductor of the bundled conductor line shown in figure. is ACSR, pheasant.
Find (a) the inductive reactance in ohms per km per phase for d=45 cm. (b) the per
unit series reactance of the line if its length is 160 km and the base is 100 MVA, 345
kV. (c) the capacitive reactance to neutral of the line in ohm-km/phase. From standard
table, GMR=0.0466 ft (convert this into meters), outside diameter of each conductor is
1.382 inches (convert this into meters) and system frequency=60 Hz.
[(a)XL =
6
0.365/km/phase; (b)Xp.u = 0.049p.u; (c)Xcn = 0.22589 10 km/ph to neutral]

Figure 7:

Solution:
(a)
GMR of each conductor = 0.0466 0.3048 = 0.014204m

GMRa = GMRb = GMRc = 0.014204 0.45 = 0.08m

p

GMD = 3 Dab Dbc Dca = 3 8 8 16 = 10.08m

XL = 2 60 2 107 ln

10.08
= 0.365/km/phase
0.08

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

(b)
(basekV )2
(345 103 )2
=
= 1190.25
baseMV A
100 106
Xactual
0.365 160
=
=
= 0.049p.u
Zbase
1190

Baseimpedance, Z =
Xp.u
(c)

1.382 2.54
= 0.01755m
2 100

GMRa = GMRb = GMRc = 0.01755 0.45 = 0.0889m

p

GMD = 3 Dab Dbc Dca = 3 8 8 16 = 10.08m

r=

2o
2 8.842 1012
= 11.743 1012 F/m
=
10.08
GMD
ln
ln
0.0889
GMR
12
3
1
10 10
=
=
= 0.22589 106 km/ph to neutral
2f C
2 60 11.743
Cn =

Xcn

9. A 3 phase 60 Hz transmission line has its conductors arranged in a triangular formation

so that two of the distances between conductors are 25 ft and the third is 42 ft. The
conductors are ACSR Osprey. Determine the capacitance to neutral in microfarads per
mile and the capacitive reactance to neutral in -miles. If the line is 150 miles long, find
the capacitance to neutral and capacitive reactance of the line. From standard table,
GMR=0.0284 ft (convert this into meters), outside diameter of each conductor is 0.879
inches (convert this into meters).
[Cn = 13.34 109F/mi; Xc =
6
0.1988 10 mi; Cn,T otal = 2.001F ; Xc,T otal = 1325]
Solution:
GMD =

25 42 25 = 29.72f t

r = 0.879/2 = 0.4395inches

2o
2 8.842 1012
=
= 8.293 109 F/km
29.72 12
GMD
ln
ln
0.4395
r
9
= 8.293 10 1.609F/mi = 13.34 109 F/mi
109
1
=
= 0.1988 106 mi
Xc =
2f C
2 60 13.34
Cn,T otal = 150 13.34 109 = 2.001F

Cn =

Xc,T otal =

0.1988 106
= 1325
150

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EEL303: Power Engineering I - Tutorial 3

10. Determine the capacitance and charging current per km when transmission line conductors are
(a) placed as given in figure 2 and operated at 132 kV. Radius of conductor is 0.4 cm.
(b) spaced horizontally with 3 m spacing. Dia of conductor is 20 mm.
[(a)C =
8.928 109 F/km, Ic = 0.2136A/km; (b)C = 9.356 109 F/km, Ic = 0.224A/km]
Take frequency as 50 Hz.
Solution:
(a)
GMD = 2.015m
2 0
= 8.928 109 F/km
C=
2.015
ln
0.004
Ic = V w C = 0.2136A/km
(b)

GMD = 3 3 3 6 = 3.7797m
2 0
C=
= 9.356 109 F/km
3.7797
ln
0.01
Ic = V w C = 0.224A/km

11. Determine the capacitance and charging current per km when the transmission line given
in figure 4 operates at 220 kV - 50 Hz, diameter of conductor is 2.5 cm.
[C =
0.019056F/km, Ic = 0.76A/km]
Solution:
GMD = 6.61m

GMRa = GMRc = 0.0125 10.965 = 0.3702m

GMRb = 0.0125 9 = 0.3354m

GMR = 3 0.3702 0.3354 0.3702 = 0.3582m

2 0
C=
= 0.019056F/km
6.61
ln
0.3582
Ic = V w C = 0.76A/km

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