INTRODUCTION

In this generation, people cant imagine their lives without

technology.

Technology

continues

to

form

inventions

and

innovation to help the improvement of human lives to become

convenient
helpful

and

tools

easier.
such

as

Some

people

soldering

invented
iron.

In

more

useful

and

field

of

the

electronic/electrical industry soldering iron are most often used

for

installation,

repairs,

and

limited

production

work

in

electronics assembly?
The researchers tried to innovate the soldering iron into a
rechargeable soldering iron with heat controller. It will help
the

technician

to

work

easier

and

save

time

and

it

has

an

advantage to an ordinary soldering iron because it can adjust or

control the heat while using.

Objective of the study

The research was conducted in order to assemble the
rechargeable soldering iron with heat control.

The

outdoor use.
The goal of this project is to make the prototype

useful and durable for 2 or more than years.

The researcher also tried to detect if there were

defects and designed remedies for them.

It is substitute equipment that economically,

project

was

designed

powered by electricity.

either

the

indoor

or

Significance of the study

The researchers believe that this prototype will
be

useful

and

helpful

to

the

industry

in

terms

of

functionality.
The importance of the study is its innovation,
modernization and substitution of alternative equipment
that is useful to our country.
To our fellow students, this will serve as a guide
for future references in their researchers as well as
source

of

prototype.

information

for

them

to

develop

their

own

Scope and limitation of the problem

The

researcher

rechargeable
determine

the

soldering
technical

was
iron

conducted
with

features

to

heat
in

assemble

an

controller

to

terms

versatility

safety, functional and efficiency.

The assembly of the prototype was conducted at the
electrical technology laboratory after class hours.

CHAPTER 2
Local and Foreign Literature

The most fundamental skill needed to assemble any electronic

project is that soldering. Soldering is the process of joining
two metals by the use of a solder alloy, made by combining tin
and lead in different proportions. It takes some practice to make
the perfect joint, but like riding a bicycle, once learned is
never forgotten. The idea is simple: to join electrical parts
together to form an electrical connection, using a nichrome wire,
USB chord, adapter, copper wire and fiber glass sleeving tube.
A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an
insulated

handle.

Heating

is

often

achieved

electrically,

by

passing an electric current (supplied through an electrical cord

or battery cables) through a resistive heating element. Cordless
irons can be heated by combustion of gas stored in a small tank,
often using a catalytic heater rather than a flame. Simple irons
less commonly used than in the past were simply a large copper
bit on a handle, heated in a flame.

It is adequate for home use are made in abundance. Most are

heated electrically and have tips that can be used with a propane
torch. The proper tool depends on the project, but tasks like
joining wires and circuit board repairs, may all for varying

amounts of heat or more control. It supplies heat to melt solder

so that it can flow into the joint between two workpieces. In
addition
ability

to
to

this,
control

this
the

Rechargeable
heat

to

melt

Soldering
the

Iron

particular

has

the

things

perfectly and effectively.

In 1986, the most popular solder used for joining plumbing

pipes in the United States was an alloy made of half tin and half
lead. Due to legal restrictions on this solder with high lead

content, lead-free alloys have become more popular in plumping

applications
utilitarian

since

then.

purposes,

The

such

Romans

as

developed

plumbing

and

solders
these

for

joining

materials also found use in the artwork of the bronze age.

Soldering itself has a history of 6000 years, and iron tip
soldering was already in 1860's. Burning iron tip soldering was
the main method at that time. It was replaced by electric tip
during the 1920s, around the time radio broadcasting began. The
currently used ordinary soldering tips with temperature control
functions began to be used in the 1960s, in conjunction with the
invention of printed PCBs and transistors. That was around the
time when people became aware of the vulnerability of transistors
to heat and the importance of soldering tip temperature control.
In 1986, the most popular solder used for joining plumbing pipes
in the United States was an alloy made of half tin and half lead.
Due to legal restrictions on this solder with high lead content,
lead-free

alloys

have

become

more

popular

in

plumping

applications since then.

According to Benjamin Franklin, people used electricity for

magic tricks by creating sparks and shocks. Electrical, which
evolved

into

metallurgy,

is

the

oldest

and

most

successful

technology. It spans at least 12,000 years. The earliest solders

were based on gold and included gold alloys of silver or tin. All
early metallurgy was developed in the name of art. The earliest
solders of course, were lead free and environmentally friendly.
Early solders were based on gold, other noble metals and some
common metals such as tin. Although written records describing
soldering date back to only 3,500 B.C., it is likely that the
process was known much earlier. Drawings used as a means of
recording history before writing showed many metal processes,
including casting. Gold was readily available within traveling
distance

from

the

center

of

advanced

civilization,

the

Nile

Valley. Copper, platinum, silver and meteoric iron were also

found in their native elemental state. Gold casting processes
were practiced by pyramid builders who sealed magnificent works
of art in the massive tombs. The Egyptians learned to generate
the

higher

temperatures

needed

for

gold

melting

by

using

blowpipes and bellows on charcoal fires. Only platinum, requiring

over

3,000F,

could

not

be

melted

by

ancient

technology.

Eventually, even complex casting molds could not produce the

intricate

shapes

desired

by

artists.

At

first,

mechanical

attachment was used to connect cast parts together. But then, as

an understanding of metallurgy emerged, soldering was discovered,
and solder was available in a natural form. Electrum, a mineral
composed

of

silver

and

gold,

was

also

known

to

the

early

Egyptians. Most likely, this lighter colored and lower melting

metal was initially considered a different metal. This silvergold

alloy may well have been the first binary metal solder. However,
platinum, which defied all melting attempts, could be mixed with
gold and heated to form a composite material. The platinum did
not melt or alloy to the gold. The gold, in a process we now call
sintering, melted and fused to the platinum particles--clearly a
form of soldering. Gold may have been the first single metal
solder. While pure gold or gold alloy was the first solder, it is
fairly certain that it was a precious metal composition. Many
other

cultures

also

developed

high

levels

of

metal-working

technology. Sadly, many of the metallurgical processes developed

by ancient artisans were lost forever when iron metallurgy was
discovered and adopted as the technology of war and destruction.
Tomorrow's metallurgy will be driven, in part, by the need to
protect the earth and its inhabitants. Much later, after the
Egyptian developments in gold soldering, lead based solders were
developed and became the dominant joining material.
Since the addition of tin lowers the melting point and
improves wetting, the tin-lead alloy was adopted by Romans and
others in both art and public works projects. This soft solder
was used to join copper, bronze and pure lead. The most famous
use of tin-lead is on the aqueducts. These masonry structures
were lined with lead sheeting to efficiently convey water. Tin-

lead

alloy

was

an

ideal

it

is

uncertain

whether

Many

other

cultures also developed high levels of metal-working technology.

Sadly, many of the metallurgical processes developed by ancient
artisans were lost forever when iron metallurgy was discovered
and adopted as the technology of war and destruction. Tomorrow's
metallurgy will be driven, in part, by the need to protect the
earth

and

its

inhabitants. Much

later,

after

the

Egyptian

developments in gold soldering, lead based solders were developed

and became the dominant joining material. Since the addition of
tin lowers the melting point and improves wetting, the tin-lead
alloy was adopted by Romans and others in both art and public
works projects. This soft solder was used to join copper, bronze
and pure lead.
As

environmental

regulation

prompts

many

electronics

manufacturers to switch to no clean soldering, one company that

made

the

financial

move

has

advantages.

also

documented

Plexus

Corp.

significant
wanted

an

quality

alternative

and
to

chlorofluorocarbon cleaning that wouldnt sacrifice cost, quality

and other competitive advantages.
Plexus carefully measured product quality and costs
with

Praxairs

nitrogen

inerting

process.

Total

return

on

investment led Plexus to make nitrogen inerting its method of

choice for wave and reflow soldering.

Research is moving rapidly to develop useful lead-free

alloys. The search will not be easy. Lead free assembly is a
serious and toilsome challenge for the industry, and any attempt
to minimize the statement of difficulty is a disservice to all.
Solder

assembly

has

enjoyed

an

extremely

long

life

because its composition is simple, processing is well understood

and performance is reasonably good. Although tin-lead solder is
plagued with numerous deficiencies, including higher temperature
processing,

thermo-mechanical

failure

and

relatively

poor

electrical properties, the industry has learned to adjust and

compensate. Electronics has nearly recovered from legislation but
now faces a much more serious challenge as lead becomes the
obscenity whispered by environmentalists and legislators.