BW Pioneer,

Frste FPSO i US Gulf of Mexico

Utfordringer og lsninger
Oslo, 27. mai 2099

FPSO conversions / Inocean recent projects

Knock Allan FPSO

Aker Smart 1 FPSO

Canadian Natural Resources,

Gabon, West Africa

Reliance Industries Ltd. India

25.000 bopd oil capacity

1.300.000 bbls storage
Spread mooring

Knock Adoon FPSO

Addax Petroleum, Nigeria,
West of Africa
60.000 bopd oil capacity
1.700.000 bbls storage
Spread mooring

Knock Nevis FSO

1.200.000 bbls storage

Turret mooring

MPF01 FPDSO
Petrobras, Black Sea
3.000m drilling wd
1.000.000 bbls storage
DP unit

DeepProducer FPSO DP
FPSOcean

Maersk, Qatar
4.200.000 bbls storage
Spread mooring

380.000 bbls storage

DP unit

BW Offshore / Inocean recent projects

Inocean SOW Documentation deliverables

Reports for class review and approval :

Design basis & design brief etc

Ultimate (ULS) and Fatigue (FLS) structural design report
Stability book; intact and damage stabililty

General drawings for class review and approval

General arrangements drws

LQ incl. haz.area / fire and safety plan

Main structural drawings for class review and approval

Structural Drawings (Midship section etc

Topside and supporting structure (process modules, flare tower etc.)
Structural categories

Marine P&ID & D&ID system drawings for class review and approval

Ship systems incl ballast & bilge, fire & deluge etc

Contract BWO & PAI (Petrobras America Inc)

3Q 2007 contract signed BWO & PAI
First FPSO in GOM on US Side
Start Operation January 2010
Vessel shall be able to operate for at least 8
years uninterrupted

Field; Cascade Chinook

BW Pioneer FPSO

LOA
LPP
BM
DM
Draft

241m
232 m
42 m
20,4 m
13,9 m

RULES / REGULATIONS

LAW / RULES
Outer Continental Shell Lands Act

USCG Authorities
Hull / Structure

MMS Authorities
Topside (Hydrocarbon)

Petrobras America Inc GTD

(General Technical Description /
Requirements

Classification Society
DNV

Design Basis Vessel Conversion

Tanker Rules

FPSO Standard

Global strength: Wave loads based

on 20 years return period

Global strength: Wave loads based on 100

years return period

Local strength: Wave loads based

on daily return period

Local strength: Wave loads based on daily

return period

North Atlantic environment

Simple formulae for wave bending
moment (IACS prescriptive
formulae)

Designed for specified geographical area.

Direct calculation of wave loads

KEY Challenges for BW Pioneer

ULS (Ultimate Limit State for Hull and Deck Modules & Equipment)

FLS (Fatigue Limit State for Hull)

ALS (Accidental Limit State for Hull)

Marpol Damage Hull

ULS (Ultimate Limit State) for hull

Operational mode connected to STP bouy
Vessel shall be able to remain connected to STP buoy for conditions up
to and including a 100-year winter storm (Hs = 7.3m)

Presence of eddy current means beam seas can not be excluded, i.e.
headings ranging from head seas to beam seas

Disconnect case Sail away from impending hurricanes

Sailing ship rules for ships may apply (ww or local wave climate?)
(headings 0 360 degrees for design loads)

ULS - Green water on deck

Issues:
Low freeboard at full draught
Non-colinear wind/waves/current
Motion & Model test:
Revealed green sea to be a concern

Schematic of selected model test run

ULS (cont.)
Possibility of beam seas leads to large transverse and vertical accelerations

Transverse accelerations ULS [m/s2]

Location

Head sea
30

Head sea
90

Flare tower

3.8

7.6

Deck module

2.4

4.9

Helideck

2.3

5.8

Topside design integrated analysis

Large accelerations (similar magnitude as North Sea) required integrated analysis

Topside design
GTD requirement for z-quality for all structure in laminar tension

FLS Methodology
Trading tanker / consumed fatigue life
Inspection of vessel
Mapping of historic damages
Basis for selection of consumed fatigue assessment methods
(Nauticus Hull Fatigue vs Stochastic Fatigue)
Historic trade and damage assessed by Nauticus Hull Fatigue
Fatigue calculations for typical ballast and full load conditions based on
previous sailing history
Different operational environments included by scaling of fe-factor (ref
DnV 30.7) Period
Sailing route
1992 to 1994
1995 - 1996
1997 1999
2000 - 2003
2003 - 2004
2004 - 2004
2004 - 2007
2009 -

Caribbean US Gulf
Far East Australia
Caribbean US Gulf
Europe and Mediterranean
Caribbean US Gulf
Europe
Caribbean US Gulf
Permanently located as FPSO at Walker
Ridge location

FLS Methodology Future fatigue damage FPSO

Requirements from client GTD
Specified heading profile
25% head seas
50% quartering seas
25% beam seas

Normal Requirements
Specified heading profile
head sea +/- 30 deg

FLS FEM global structure and local SCF

Local SCF model

Full stochastic FLS is time consuming

Finite element modelling
14 local SCF models at side longitudinals
2 of stringer connetions
1 on hopper connection
Large amount of data
2.5 Tera Byte with analytical data (2500 Gbyte)
64b Finite Element solver (Sestra ) - custom setup from DnV for Inocean
1 year calculation periode

FLS summary
Conversion projects differ from newbuilding since structure already has
demonstrated its actual fatigue performance (trading as tanker)
Identification of critical details - with high confidence level
Required design fatigue life as FPSO is 16 years included DFF of minimum 2
on all details
Details of stiffeners connection to bhd was improved in waterline area
Relatively long design life as FPSO, with limited possibilites of repair,
necessitate thorough fatigue analysis

ALS Accidental Limit State

Additional concerns that must be designed for (ALS cases) :
Sudden hurricanes vessel unable to escape hurricane

Loss of heading control or power while escaping hurricane

Probability of occurrence to be less than 10-4

MARPOL REGULATIONS / DAMAGE HULL

Side damage
Long. Extent:
Transv. Extent:
Vert. extent:

The smaller of or 14.5 m (Here 12.5 m)

The smaller of or 11.5 m (Here 8.40 m)
From base line with no limit

MARPOL REGULATIONS / DAMAGE HULL

Raking bottom damage

Long. extent:
0.6 L from the FP (Here 138 m)
Transv. extent:
B/3 anywhere (Here 14 m)
Vert. extent:
Breach of the outer hull

PAI Requirements

Side shell structure, in supply vessel mooring area, shall be

checked to ensure that the hull integrity will not be
compromised due to vessel boat operations. The loads to be
considered are those imposed by a 5.000 dwt supply vessel