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http://www.acusafe.com/Newsletter/Stories/0700News-AmmoniaRefrigPID.htm
29/10/2009
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labeled, both on the P&ID and on attached tags, to reduce the risk of
operator error and simplify the writing of procedures. (Always be careful
to ensure that valve tags match the P&ID!)
Line designations/purposes: some processes, such as refrigeration, have
recognized systems for line designation. For others, use a system that
explains the lines function and optionally includes other information such
as temperature and pressure levels, etc.
Safety relief valve specifications: information on the relief valve design
and design basis is required before starting the PHA study. For simple
processes, codes and standards such as NFPA 58 (LPG) and ASHRAE
15 (refrigeration) specify the design.
Control loops: these can become confusing on some P&IDs, but
information on which float switch controls which solenoid valve (for
example) must still be developed somehow.
Flow direction: at a minimum, always show the permitted-flow direction
on a check valve.
Line sizes/reducers; expansion tie-ins and block valves, etc.
Design working pressure and other pressure-vessel/equipment label
information.
Support equipment and non-chemical lines such as condenser water
pumps, secondary heat transfer fluid (glycol/brine) loops.
Items included in other equipment: often, P&IDs show screw compressor
packages and other complex equipment as a single symbol, even though
the package includes motor, compressor section, oil separator vessel, oil
cooler, and various controls/sensors. Include, at a minimum, all vessels
or other major sub-equipment, as well as all valves connecting to the
atmosphere and those separating portions of the package from one
another.
Any item omitted on the list above should be available in another form (such as
a list of safety relief valve specifications). Sometimes, not providing the
information can lead to safety hazards. AcuTech and most other consultants
typically rely upon the client facility to provide safety information; when such
services as valve tagging or P&ID preparation/verification are included, they are
explicit line items. Missing information or information not provided in accessible
form (such as the location of purge/gauge valves, etc.) can greatly increase both
consultant billings and facility staff time to review procedures, etc.
Sometimes, we encounter P&IDs which include information not required by any
regulation and which we would not recommend under most circumstances:
http://www.acusafe.com/Newsletter/Stories/0700News-AmmoniaRefrigPID.htm
29/10/2009
Page 3 of 3
http://www.acusafe.com/Newsletter/Stories/0700News-AmmoniaRefrigPID.htm
29/10/2009