P&ID

ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID

PIPING & INSTRUMENT DIAGRAM (P&ID)

A P&ID is a pictorial representation of the piping of the process flow together with the installed
equipment (tanks, vessels, pumps, compressors, etc.) and the instrumentation (flow, pressure,
temperature, level, etc.) required to control and operate the process. Preliminary P&IDs are
prepared during FEED and are further updated during Detail Design (DD). P&IDs are normally issued
in 3 to 4 revisions during DD wherein information such as vendor data, Design Review, HAZOP
changes and As-Built changes are incorporated.

For processing facilities, it is a pictorial representation of:

• Key piping and instrument details
• Control and shutdown schemes
• Safety and regulatory requirements
• Basic startup and operational information

The Institute of Instrumentation and Control defines a P&ID as follows:

“A diagram which shows the interconnection of process equipment and the instrumentation used
to control the process. In the process industry, a standard set of symbols is used to prepare drawings
of processes. The instrument symbols used in these drawings are generally based on International
Society of Automation (ISA) Standard S5.1”.
• CAD system is employed for developing the P&IDs and is not vendor, hardware or software
specific.
• It is intended to provide a balance between the desire to show all data on P&IDs with the need
to make P&IDs legible and easy to read. Most details that are available from other types of
documentation (e.g., instrument loop diagrams, vessel data sheets) are not recommended for
inclusion on P&IDs.
• P&ID shows equipment with simple outline representation.
• Equipment’s are not drawn to scale, however equipment relative to one another both in size
and general orientation has to be maintained.
• P&ID shows nozzles on equipment, including spares, as single lines.
• P&ID indicates nozzle sizes unless the size is implied by piping connections.
• P&ID indicates equipment Item Number and Title/Service as a minimum.
• P&ID indicates internals for equipment as dashed lines. Details of internals that have no
significant bearing on the piping design and layout or equipment operation are omitted.
• P&ID does not indicate equipment elevations unless they are necessary to specify process
requirements for associated equipment location or orientation relative to one another.
• P&ID indicates associated trim (e.g., vent and drain valves, instrument bridles) for equipment.
• P&ID indicates auxiliary system requirements for individual pieces of equipment (e.g., lube oil
systems, seal flush systems, turbine gland leak-off piping, sample systems) on auxiliary P&IDs.
• P&ID indicates jacketing requirements for equipment and jacketing / tracing requirements for
piping.
• P&ID indicates the type of insulation (e.g., personnel protection, heat conservation) for
equipment as part of the equipment data.
• P&ID indicates insulation thickness where applicable.
• P&ID indicates piping serial number and piping class

ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID

 FLOW CHART FOR PREPARATION OF PIPING & INSTRUMENT DIAGRAM

ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID

ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID
 A typical P&ID is shown:

ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID

ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID
ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID
ChemKlub India PDEC-P&ID