PHN DNG THI I HC CAO NG

MN HA (2007 2015)

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TNG HP L THUYT V AXIT CACBOXYLIC ESTE

A. AXIT CACBOXYLIC
Cu to Tnh cht vt l
Cu 1: (B.09): Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc thc nghim (C3H4O3)n, vy cng thc phn
t ca X l
A. C6H8O6.
B. C3H4O3.
C. C12H16O12.
D. C9H12O9.
Cu 2: (Q.15): Trong cc cht sau y, cht no c nhit si cao nht?
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH3CHO.
C. CH3CH3.
D. CH3CH2OH.
Cu 3: (A.08): Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
C. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
D. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
Cu 4: (B.09): Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO.
B. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.
C. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
D. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 5: (B.07): Cho cc cht: axit propionic (X), axit axetic (Y), ancol (ru) etylic (Z) v imetyl ete
(T). Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si l
A. T, Z, Y, X.
B. Z, T, Y, X.
C. T, X, Y, Z.
D. Y, T, X, Z.
Cu 6: (C.12): Cho dy cc cht: etan, etanol, etanal, axit etanoic. Cht c nhit si cao nht trong dy
l
A. axit etanoic.
B. etanol.
C. etanal.
D. etan.
Tnh axit
Cu 7: (C.11): Dy gm cc cht xp theo chiu lc axit tng dn t tri sang phi l
A. HCOOH, CH3COOH, CH3CH2COOH.
B. CH3COOH, CH2ClCOOH, CHCl2COOH.
C. CH3COOH, HCOOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH.
D. C6H5OH, CH3COOH, CH3CH2OH.
Cu 8: (C.09): Cho cc cht HCl (X); C2H5OH (Y); CH3COOH (Z); C6H5OH (phenol) (T). Dy gm cc
cht c sp xp theo tnh axit tng dn (t tri sang phi) l:
A. (T), (Y), (X), (Z).
B. (X), (Z), (T), (Y).
C. (Y), (T), (Z), (X).
D. (Y), (T), (X), (Z).
Cu 9: (M.15): Mt s axit cacboxylic nh axit oxalic, axit tactric gy ra v chua cho qu su xanh.
Trong qu trnh lm mn su ngm ng, ngi ta s dng dung dch no sau y lm gim v chua
ca qu su?
A. Nc vi trong.
B. Gim n.
C. Phn chua.
D. Mui n.
S chuyn ha
Cu 10: (A.12): Cho s chuyn ha:
Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3NH2, CH3COONH4.
C. CH3NH2, CH3COOH.
Cu 11: (A.09): Cho s chuyn ha:

B. CH3CN, CH3CHO.
D. CH3CN, CH3COOH.

Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3CH2NH2, CH3CH2COOH.
C. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2CHO.
Cu 12: (C.11): Cho s chuyn ha:

B. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2 COOH.

D. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COONH4.

Trong s trn, X v Y ln lt l
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PHN DNG THI I HC CAO NG

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A. CH3CH2CN v CH3CH2 COOH.
C. CH3CH2CN v CH3CH2OH.
Cu 13: (B.11): Cho s phn ng:

GV: Trn Thanh Bnh

ST: 0977111382

B. CH3CH2CN v CH3CH2CHO.
D. CH3CH2NH2 v CH3CH2COOH.

Bit Y3 c cng thc phn t C6H10O2. Tn gi ca X l

A. anehit acrylic.
B. anehit propionic.
C. anehit metacrylic.
Cu 14: (C.11): Cho s phn ng:

D. anehit axetic.

(X, Z, M l cc cht v c, mi mi tn ng vi mt phng trnh phn ng). Cht T trong s trn

l
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3CHO.
Cu 15: (B.11): Cho s phn ng:

C. CH3OH.

D. CH3COONa.

Cc cht hu c X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Y3 l cc sn phm chnh. Hai cht X2, Y3 ln lt l
A. axit 2-hiroxipropanoic v axit propanoic.
B. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic v ancol propylic.
C. axit axetic v axit propanoic.
D. axit axetic v ancol propylic.
Cu 16: (B.09): Cho s chuyn ho:

Trong X, Y, Z l sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca Z l

A. (CH3)3C-MgBr.
B. CH3-CH2-CH2 -CH2-MgBr.
C. CH3-CH(MgBr)-CH2-CH3.
D. (CH3)2CH-CH2-MgBr.
Tng hp
Cu 17: (Q.15): Cht no sau y khng phn ng c vi dung dch axit axetic?
A. NaOH.
B. Cu.
C. Zn.
D. CaCO3.
Cu 18: (A.14): Axit cacboxylic no di y c mch cacbon phn nhnh, lm mt mu dung dch
brom?
A. Axit propanoic.
B. Axit 2-metylpropanoic.
C. Axit metacrylic.
D. Axit acrylic.
Cu 19: (B.14): Dung dch axit acrylic (CH2=CH-COOH) khng phn ng c vi cht no sau y?
A. Na2CO3.
B. NaOH.
C. Mg(NO3)2.
D. Br2.
Cu 20: (C.14): Axit axetic khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. CaCO3.
B. ZnO.
C. NaOH.
D. MgCl2.
Cu 21: (A.13): Dung dch axit axetic phn ng c vi tt c cc cht trong dy no sau y?
A. NaOH, Cu, NaCl.
B. Na, NaCl, CuO.
C. NaOH, Na, CaCO3. D. Na, CuO, HCl.
B. ESTE LIPIT
I. ESTE
Cu to Danh php tnh cht vt l
Cu 22: Cu 1 (A.08): S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 6.
Cu 23: (M.15): S este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 m khi thy phn trong mi trng axit th thu
c axit fomic l
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A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 24: (B.07): Hai este n chc X v Y l ng phn ca nhau. Khi ho hi 1,85 gam X, thu c th
tch hi ng bng th tch ca 0,7 gam N2 (o cng iu kin). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X v Y
l
A. HCOOC2 H5 v CH3COOCH3.
B. C2H3COOC2 H5 v C2 H5COOC2 H3.
C. C2H5COOCH3 v HCOOCH(CH3)2.
D. HCOOCH2CH2CH3 v CH3COOC2 H5.
Cu 25: (C.14): Trong s cc cht di y, cht c nhit si cao nht l
A. C2H5OH.
B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH3COOH.
D. CH3CHO.
P thy phn este
Cu 26: (B.07): Thy phn este c cng thc phn t C4 H8O2 (vi xc tc axit), thu c 2 sn phm
hu c X v Y. T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y. Vy cht X l
A. ru metylic.
B. etyl axetat.
C. axit fomic.
D. ru etylic.
Cu 27: (B.12): S trieste khi thy phn u thu c sn phm gm glixerol, axit CH3COOH v axit
C2H5COOH l
A. 9.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 2.
Cu 28: (C.08): Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C4H6O4 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (un nng)
theo phng trnh phn ng: C4H6O4 + 2NaOH 2Z + Y.
oxi ho ht a mol Y th cn va 2a mol CuO (un nng), sau phn ng to thnh a mol cht T
(bit Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c). Khi lng phn t ca T l
A. 44 vC.
B. 58 vC.
C. 82 vC.
D. 118 vC.
Cu 29: (B.10): Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C6H10O4. Thu phn X to ra hai
ancol n chc c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t gp i nhau. Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3OCO-CH2-COOC2 H5.
B. C2H5OCO-COOCH3.
C. CH3OCO-COOC3 H7.
D. CH3OCO-CH2-CH2-COOC2 H5.
Este c gc ancol dng vinyl
Cu 30: (A.13): Cht no sau y khi un nng vi dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm c anehit?
A. CH3COOCH2CH=CH2.
B. CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2.
C. CH2=CHCOOCH2CH3.
D. CH3COOCH=CHCH3.
Cu 31: (C.12): Cho s phn ng:

Cng thc cu to ca X tha mn s cho l

A. CH3COOCH2CH3. B. CH2=CHCOOCH3. C. CH3COOCH=CH2. D. HCOOCH2CH2CH3.
Cu 32: (B.12): Thy phn este X mch h c cng thc phn t C4 H6O2, sn phm thu c c kh
nng trng bc. S este X tha mn tnh cht trn l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Cu 33: (C.13): Hp cht X c cng thc phn t C5H8O2, khi tham gia phn ng x phng ha thu c
mt anehit v mt mui ca axit cacboxylic. S ng phn cu to tha mn tnh cht trn ca X l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 34: (A.07): Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thu phn trong mi trng axit thu c
axetanehit. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l
A. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
B. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2.
C. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3.
D. CH3COO-CH=CH2.
Cu 35: (B.10): Thy phn este Z trong mi trng axit thu c hai cht hu c X v Y (MX < MY).
Bng mt phn ng c th chuyn ho X thnh Y. Cht Z khng th l
A. metyl propionat.
B. metyl axetat.
C. etyl axetat.
D. vinyl axetat.
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Cu 36: (C.07): Este X khng no, mch h, c t khi hi so vi oxi bng 3,125 v khi tham gia phn
ng x phng ho to ra mt anehit v mt mui ca axit hu c. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph
hp vi X?
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 37: (C.07): Cho cht X tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sau c cn dung dch
thu c cht rn Y v cht hu c Z. Cho Z tc dng vi AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu
c cht hu c T. Cho cht T tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c cht Y. Cht X c th l
A. HCOOCH=CH2.
B. CH3COOCH=CH2.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. CH3COOCH=CH-CH3.
Cu 38: (A.09): Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C5 H8O2. Cho 5 gam X tc dng va ht vi dung
dch NaOH, thu c mt hp cht hu c khng lm mt mu nc brom v 3,4 gam mt mui. Cng
thc ca X l
A. HCOOC(CH3)=CHCH3.
B. CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2.
C. HCOOCH2CH=CHCH3.
D. HCOOCH=CHCH2CH3.
Este ca phenol
Cu 39: (B.13): Este no sau y khi phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng khng to ra hai
mui?
A. C6H5COOC6 H5 (phenyl benzoat).
B. CH3COO[CH2 ]2OOCCH2CH3.
C. CH3OOCCOOCH3.
D. CH3COOC6H5 (phenyl axetat).
Cu 40: (C.13): Trng hp no di y to ra sn phm l ancol v mui natri ca axit cacboxylic?
o

A. HCOOCH=CHCH3 + NaOH
o

t
B. CH3COOCH2CH=CH2 + NaOH

t
C. CH3COOCH=CH2 + NaOH

t
D. CH3COOC6 H5 (phenyl axetat) + NaOH

Cu 41: (A.09): Cho dy chuyn ho sau:

Hai cht X, Y trong s trn ln lt l:

A. axit axetic, phenol.
B. anhirit axetic, phenol.
C. anhirit axetic, natri phenolat.
D. axit axetic, natri phenolat.
Cu 42: (B.12): Este X l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t l C9H10O2. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch
NaOH, to ra hai mui u c phn t khi ln hn 80. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3COOCH2C6 H5. B. HCOOC6 H4C2 H5.
C. C6H5COOC2H5.
D. C2H5COOC6 H5.
P t chy
Cu 43: (A.08): Este X c cc c im sau:
t chy hon ton X to thnh CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau;
Thu phn X trong mi trng axit c cht Y (tham gia phn ng trng gng) v cht Z (c s
nguyn t cacbon bng mt na s nguyn t cacbon trong X).
Pht biu khng ng l:
A. t chy hon ton 1 mol X sinh ra sn phm gm 2 mol CO2 v 2 mol H2O.
B. Cht Y tan v hn trong nc.
C. Cht X thuc loi este no, n chc.
D. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c 170oC thu c anken.
Cu 44: (B.08): Khi t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc th s mol CO2 sinh ra bng s mol O2
phn ng. Tn gi ca este l
A. metyl fomiat.
B. etyl axetat.
C. n-propyl axetat.
D. metyl axetat.
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II. CHT BO
Cu 45: (Q.15): Cht bo l trieste ca axit bo vi
A. ancol metylic.
B. etylen glicol.
C. ancol etylic.
D. glixerol.
Cu 46: (C.11): Cng thc ca triolein l
A. (CH3[CH2]14COO)3C3 H5.
B. (CH3[CH2 ]7CH=CH[CH2 ]5COO)3C3H5.
C. (CH3[CH2]16COO)3C3 H5.
D. (CH3[CH2]7CH=CH[CH2]7COO)3C3H5.
Cu 47: (A.11): Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
(b) Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c.
(c) Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
(d) Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l: (C17H33COO)3C3H5, (C17H35COO)3C3H5.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 48: (B.13): Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Triolein c kh nng tham gia phn ng cng hiro khi un nng c xc tc Ni.
B. Cc cht bo thng khng tan trong nc v nh hn nc.
C. Cht bo b thy phn khi un nng trong dung dch kim.
D. Cht bo l trieste ca etylen glicol vi cc axit bo.
Cu 49: (A.10): Cho s chuyn ho:

Tn ca Z l
A. axit oleic.
B. axit linoleic.
C. axit stearic.
D. axit panmitic.
Cu 50: (B.11): Triolein khng tc dng vi cht (hoc dung dch) no sau y?
A. H2O (xc tc H2SO4 long, un nng).
B. Cu(OH)2 ( iu kin thng).
C. Dung dch NaOH (un nng).
D. H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng).
Cu 51: (A.08): Cho glixerin trioleat (hay triolein) ln lt vo mi ng nghim cha ring bit: Na,
Cu(OH)2, CH3OH, dung dch Br2, dung dch NaOH. Trong iu kin thch hp, s phn ng xy ra l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 52: (M.15): Thy phn mt triglixerit X bng dung dch NaOH, thu c hn hp mui gm natri
oleat, natri stearat (c t l mol tng ng l 1 : 2) v glixerol. C bao nhiu triglixerit X tha mn tnh
cht trn?
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 53: (C.13): Khi x phng ha triglixerit X bng dung dch NaOH d, un nng, thu c sn phm
gm glixerol, natri oleat, natri stearat v natri panmitat. S ng phn cu to tha mn tnh cht trn ca
X l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
III. TNG HP
Cu 54: (C.09): Pht biu no sau y sai?
A. Nhit si ca este thp hn hn so vi ancol c cng phn t khi.
B. Trong cng nghip c th chuyn ho cht bo lng thnh cht bo rn.
C. S nguyn t hiro trong phn t este n v a chc lun l mt s chn.
D. Sn phm ca phn ng x phng ho cht bo l axit bo v glixerol.
Cu 55: (C.12): Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Este isoamyl axetat c mi chui chn.
B. Etylen glicol l ancol no, n chc, mch h.
C. Axit bo l nhng axit cacboxylic a chc.
D. Ancol etylic tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH.
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Cu 56: (A.07): Mnh khng ng l:

A. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2=CHCOOCH3.
B. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c anehit v mui.
C. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch Br2.
D. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 c th trng hp to polime.
Cu 57: (B.10): Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C5H10O. Cht X khng phn ng vi
Na, tha mn s chuyn ha sau
H2
CH3COOH
X
Y
Este c mi chui chn
H2 SO 4 (c)
Ni, t o

Tn gi ca X l
A. pentanal.
B. 2-metylbutanal.
C. 2,2-imetylpropanal.
D. 3-metylbutanal.
Cu 58: (A.08): Pht biu ng l:
A. Phn ng gia axit v ru khi c H2SO4 c l phn ng mt chiu.
B. Phn ng gia este vi dung dch kim lun thu c sn phm l mui v ancol.
C. Khi thy phn cht bo lun thu c C2H4(OH)2.
D. Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
Cu 59: (C.12): Cho cc este: etyl fomat (1), vinyl axetat (2), triolein (3), metyl acrylat (4), phenyl axetat
(5). Dy gm cc este u phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH (un nng) sinh ra ancol l:
A. (1), (3), (4).
B. (3), (4), (5).
C. (1), (2), (3).
D. (2), (3), (5).
Cu 60: (B.11): Cho dy cc cht: phenyl axetat, anlyl axetat, metyl axetat, etyl fomat, tripanmitin. S
cht trong dy khi thy phn trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng sinh ra ancol l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
----------- HT ---------C6: Tng hp l thuyt axit cacboxylic este
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
A
A
D
B
A
A
B
C
A
D
B
A
A
C
A
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
C
B
C
C
D
C
C
B
A
C
D
B
B
A
D
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
C
A
D
D
A
D
B
A
C
B
C
D
D
A
D
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
D
D
D
C
B
A
A
D
D
A
A
D
D
A
B

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