NITISHATAKAM - नीतिशतकम् - (صد پند برتری) - A Persian Translation. Tr. by Chandragupta Bhartiya

)(Bhartriharis
)(Nitishatakam
)(Tr. By - Chandragupta Bhartiya

( )

4102
1

(Tr. By - Chandragupta Bhartiya)

(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)

)(Bhartriharis

)(Nitishatakam

) (10-36-3
()01-33-3


(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)

)(Bhartriharis

)(Nitishatakam

( )

4102
5


(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)
(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)
Chandargupta Bhartiya
Published By
: Great Book Contractor

1741, Rodgran, Lal Kuan,
Delhi 110006
Translation
: Chandragupta Bhartiya
bhartiyachandragupta@gmail.com
Composing
: Chandragupta Bhartiya
bhartiyachandragupta@gmail.com
ISBN No.
978 81 927023 4 6
Copies
100
Price
: 300
First Edition
2014
Printed & Published by : Great book Contractor

09210492083
7


(Nitishatakam)

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M. Athar Ali, Translations of Sanskrit Works at Akbars --

Court, Social Scientist 20 (1992): 38 45; A. B. M. Habibullah, Medieval IndoPersian Literature relating to Hindu Science and Philosophy, 1000 1800 A.D., Indian
Historical Quarterly 14 (1938): 167 81; S. Rashid Husain, Some Notable
Translations Rendered into Persian during Akbars Time, Islamic Culture 55 (1981):
219 39; Jivanji Jamshedji Modi, King Akbar and the Persian Translations of
Sanskrit Books, Annals of the Bhandarkar Institute 6 (1925): 83 107; S. A. Reza
Jalali Naini, Persian Translations of Sanskrit Works,in Special Issue on the Occasion
of 50 Years of the Agreement of Indo-Iranian Cultural Relation, Journal of the IndoIran (2008): 68 86; M. A. Rahim, and N. S. Shukla, Persian Translations of Sanskrit
Audrey ( Works, Indological Studies 3, nos. 1 2 (1974): 175 91.
Truschke The Mughal Book of War : A Persian Translation of the Sanskrit
Mahabharata , p.1,foot note1; Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the
)Middle East Vol. 31, No. 2, 2011 by Duke University Press
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kaa
ki
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kai
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kau
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kha
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khee
khu
khoo
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khai
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khau
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gaa
gi
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gu
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gah
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angah
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chee
chu
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chau
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chah
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chha
chhaa
chhi
chhee
chhu
chhoo
chhe
chhai
chho
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chhah
ja
jaa
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joo
je
jai
jo
jau
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jha
jhaa
jhi
jhee
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jhoo
jhe
jhai
jho
jhau
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jhah
Yn
yna
ynaa
yni
ynee
ynu
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yne
ynai
yno
ynau
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Ynah
ta
taa
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tah
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thoo
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thah
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daa
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du
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dai
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dau
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dah
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dha
dhaa
dhi
dhee
dhu
dhoo
dhe
dhai
dho
dhau
dham
dhah
na
naa
ni
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nam
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thaa
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daa
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thai
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dau
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dhi
dhee
dhu
dhoo
naa
ni
nee
nu
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dha
dhaa
na
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dhai
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dhau
dham
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nau
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paa
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pah
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pha
phaa
phi
phee
phu
phoo
phe
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pho
phau
pham
phah
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baa
bi
bee
bu
boo
be
bai
bo
bau
bam
bah
Bh
bha
bhaa
bhi
bhee
bhu
bhoo
bhe
bhai
bho
bhau
bham
bhah
ma
maa
mi
mee
mu
moo
me
mai
mo
mau
mam
Mah
ya
yaa
yi
yee
yu
yoo
ye
yai
yo
yau
yam
yah
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(Nitishatakam)
(Bhartriharis)
ra
raa
ri
ree
ru
roo
re
Rai
ro
rau
ram
rah
lam
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la
laa
li
lee
lu
loo
le
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lo
lau
va
vaa
vi
vee
vu
voo
ve
vai
vo
vau
vam
vah
Sh
sha
shaa
shi
shee
shu
shoo
she
shai
sho
shau
sham
shah
Sh
sha
shaa
shi
shee
shu
shoo
she
shai
sho
shau
sham
shah
sa
Saa
si
see
su
soo
se
sai
so
sau
sam
sah
ha
haa
hi
hee
hu
hoo
he
hai
ho
hau
ham
hah
Kha
ksha
kshaa
kshi
kshee
kshu
kshoo
kshe
kshai
Ksho
kshau
ksham
kshah
Tr
tra
traa
tri
tree
tru
troo
tre
Trai
trao
trau
tram
trah
Gy
gya
gyaa
gyi
gyee
gyu
gyoo
gye
gyai
gyo
gyau
gyan
gyah
Shr
shra
shraa
shri
Shree
shru
shroo
shre
shrai
shro
shrau
shram
shrah
81
(Nitishatakam)
Ka
Kha
Ga
Gha
Anga
Cha
Chha
Ja
Jha
Yna
Taa
Tha
Da
Dha
Na
Ta
Tha
Da
Dha
Na
Pa
Pha
Ba
Bha
Ma
Ya
Ra
La
va/wa
k
kh
g
gh
ang
ch
chh
j
jh
yn
t
th
d
dh
n
t
th
d
dh
n
p
ph
b
bh
m
y
r
l
v/w
82
(Bhartriharis)
(ri)
Kri
Khri
Gri
Ghri
Angri
Chri
Chhri
Jri
Jhri
Ynri
Tri
Thri
Dri
Dhri
Nri
Tri
Thri
Dri
Dhri
Nri
Pri
Phri
Bri
Bhri
Mri
Yri
Rri
Lri
vri/wri


(Nitishatakam)
83

(Bhartriharis)


(Nitishatakam)
84

(Bhartriharis)


(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)
The Most commam of the compound Consonants
85


(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)
Later on a great Sanskrit fable text Hitopadesha has been

translated into German language by Max-Mueller (Student of
Prof. Yunin Vanaf) with a short explanation.
Persian translation of Kalidasas Abhigyan-Shakuntalam was
done by Prof. Ali Asgar Heqamat. Thereafter, Prof. Hadi Hasan
also translated it into Persian by referring to William Johns
English translation of Abhigyan Shakuntalam. Prof. S.A.H.
Abidi translated the Vikramorvashayam into Persian.
Chandragupta Bhartiya
YEAR, 2014
86


(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)
Sarini. Then, in the reign of Nasaruddin (Ethe says that most

probably Humayun was the Nasaruddin), Sanskrit text
Hitopadesh was translated into Persian as Mufa-Rihul-Qutul
(Tajam-ali-taj-mufti-al-Maliq) and Taj-al-ghani.
A number of Persian translations of Sanskrit texts were done
during the rule of Akbar. This era is called as the Golden Era for
the Persian translation of Sankrit-texts. By Akbars orders, many
Sanskrit texts were translated into Persian language such as
Vedas, Upanishads, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavadgita,
Yogavashistha,
Rajatarangini,
Kathasaritsagar,
Sinhasandwavinshatika,
Vetalpanchvinshatika,
Lilawati,
Bhaskaracharyas
Siddhantashiomani,
Nal-DamayantiUpakhyam, Bhadvadpuraw, etc. Besides, some other books
related to Music, Medical Sciences, Astronomy, Mathematics,
Stories of Puranas, Indian Philosophy, etc. were translated during
this period. Mustafa Khalid daad Abbasi translated Panchatantra
into Persian and titled it Panch Ammana. This work was
published by Aligarh Muslim University in 1973 and afterwards
from Tehran in 1984. Narayana Pandits Hitopadesh was
translated by Tajuddin Mufti under the title Mufarahull-Qutub.
After Akbar, during the reign of Jahangir (1605-1627 AD)
Sanskrit text Yogavashishtha was translated into Persian by
Nijam Panipati. He completed this work along with two Brahmin
pundits (scholars). Then, towards the end of Aurangzebs reign,
(1705-1706 AD), Roopnarayan Khatri translated Kathopnishada
(Nachiketa)
into
Persian
as
Haqate-Nachiketa.
Prabodhachandroday was also translated into Persian by
Bhikam Vairagi under the name Gulzare Hal of Tulu-eQamare-Maarafat. Besides, Dara Shukuh (elder son of
Shahjahan) translated Bagwadgita into Persian. Moreover, he also
translated 22 Upanishads into Persian as Sirre-Akabar
87


(Nitishatakam)

(Bhartriharis)
The Tradition of translation of Sanskrit Text

into Persian & other languages
The tradition of translation of Sanskrit-text into foreign languages
is age-old. It is difficult to find out which is the oldest Sanskrit
text to have been translated, and in which language had it first
been translated. But some scholars say that before 570 AD, the
Pahalavi translation of the Sanskrit text Panchatantra by Borzya
is most probably the first translation of a Sanskrit text into
Pahalavi (Middle Persian) language. Afterwards, it was translated
into many languages such as Syriac, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew,
Persian, Spanish, English, etc.
And since then, many Sanskrit-texts have been translated into
many other languages like the Persian translation of Varahmihirs
Brihatsamhita by Mohammad Al-Barunee. He translated some
other Sanskrit texts into Persian language such as Trivasak,
Patanjalis Yogadarshan, Barahmihirs Laghujatak, and The
Principles of Indian Mathematics.
In the period of Firoz Shah Tughlaq(1351-1388AD), Izzuddeen
Khalid Khani translated a Sanskrit Astronomy book into Persian
language by the name of Dola-il-e-Firojshahi. Then Abdul Ajiz
Shaqs Baheruni (Shams Alif Siraz) translated Barahmihirs
Brihatsamhita into Persian. At that time a music text book in
Sanskrit Sangeet Darpan was translated into Persian as
Khunyat-ul-Mumya. In 1370-71AD, Firojshah Tughlaq found
around 1300 Sanskrit manuscripts and these manuscripts were
translated into Persian by the order of Firojshah Tughlaq.
During the time of Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517AD), Mayan Yunat
Khan translated a Sanskrit Medical textbook named
Mahavaidyak into Persian and named it Tibbe-Sikandari. In
the reign of Mohammad Shah Bahamani, Vagabhattas Sanskrittext Ashtanghridayam was translated into Persian and named
Tibbe-Mahmudashani. During Humayun (1530-1556AD),
Sanskrit-text Amritkunda was translated into Persian by Sufi
Mohammad
88


(Nitishatakam)
89

(Bhartriharis)
(Nitishatakam)
A Persian Translation of Bhartriharis
NITISHATAKAM
(Hundred Verses about Good Behaviour)
Translated By
CHANDRAGUPTA BHARTIAY
YEAR, 2014
90

(Bhartriharis)


(Nitishatakam)
91

(Bhartriharis)

)(Bhartriharis
)(Nitishatakam


) (5/55/7
)(
.
()
"".
92


(Nitishatakam)
93

(Bhartriharis)
(Nitishatakam)
A Persian Translation of Bhartriharis
NITISHATAKAM
(Hundred Verses about Good Behaviour)
Translated By
CHANDRAGUPTA BHARTIAY
YEAR, 2014
94

(Bhartriharis)

NITISHATAKAM - नीतिशतकम् - (صد پند برتری) - A Persian Translation. Tr. by Chandragupta Bhartiya

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