Could you imagine live in world of 2045?

The idea of self-driving vehicles had once been science fiction,

but money was being poured into research and development. In
2015, the first licenced autonomous truck was announced.
These hi-tech vehicles saw rapid adoption. Initially they required
a driver to be present, who could take over in case of
emergencies, but later versions were fully autonomous.* In the
US alone, there were 3.5 million truck drivers, with a further 5.2
million people in non-driving jobs that were dependent on the
truck-driving industry, such as highway cafes and motels where
drivers would stop to eat, drink, rest and sleep. A similar trend
would follow with other vehicle types,* such as taxis, alongside
public

transport

including

trains

notably

the

London

Underground.* With humans totalling 1/3rd of operating costs

from their salaries alone, the business case was strong . Self-

driving vehicles would never require a salary, training, sleep,

pension

payments,

health

insurance,

holidays

or

other

associated costs/time, would never drink alcohol, and never be

distracted by mobile phones or tempted by road rage.
Hypersonic missiles are in military use
When launched, cruise missiles have typically reached 500-600
mph (800-965 km/h). However, a new generation of air-breathing
supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) engines is now
emerging on the battlefield after many years of testing and
development. These are capable of exceeding Mach 5, or about
3,840 mph (6,150 km/h), making them hypersonic.*
As well as enhancing the responsiveness of a warfighter, the
survivability of these missiles as they fly over enemy territory is
greatly improved, since they are difficult (if not impossible) to hit
at such a high speed.
Now that military use of scramjets has been perfected,
commercial use will soon follow. In the 2030s, the first
hypersonic airliners begin to appear, capable of travelling around
the globe in under four hours.**

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High-speed rail networks are being expanded in many countries
Many countries have radically overhauled their rail transport
infrastructure.
In Spain, more than 10,000km of high-speed track has been
laid, making it the most extensive network in the world. 90
percent of the country's population now live within 50 km of a
bullet train station.*
In Britain, the first phase of a major high-speed rail line is
nearing completion. This will travel up the central spine of the
country connecting London with England's next largest city,
Birmingham. It will eventually be expanded to Manchester and
the north. Trains will be capable of reaching 250 mph, slashing
previous journey times.*

In Japan, Tokyo will soon be connected with Nagoya via

superfast magnetic levitation trains. Tests conducted in previous
decades showed that it was possible to build a railway tunnel in
a straight route through the Southern Japanese Alps. The first
generation of these trains already held the world speed record,
at 581 km/h (or 361 mph); but recent advances in carriage
design have pushed this still further, to speeds which are fast
enough to compete with commercial airliners.*
Many other countries are investing in high-speed rail during this
time, due to its speed and convenience, along with soaring fuel
costs and environmental factors which have made car and air
travel less desirable. Even America which for decades had
neglected its rail network is making big progress in this area.*
Advances in computer power and digital communication have
produced what is now a far more integrated and efficient
national system. One of the largest technical advances is the
complete replacement of the previous radar navigation system
with a modern, GPS-based version. This creates detailed, three-

dimensional highways in the sky, and takes into account

variations in topography and weather enabling pilots to fly
shorter, more precise routes. By 2018, this system was in place
at every major US airport.
Once on the runway, taxiing planes are guided by automated
systems. These use data gathered on the position of every other
plane and vehicle to present pilots and controllers with detailed,
real-time traffic maps of the tarmac. Runway capacity is
increased with the introduction of multiple take-off and landing
pathways, as opposed to the older, single route approach.
Overall, these upgrades offer substantial improvements in flighttimes, air pollution and fuel consumption. Delays are reduced by
nearly 40%, saving tens of billions of dollars. Over 1.4 billion
gallons of fuel are saved and CO2 emissions are cut by 14
million metric tons. These numbers will continue to improve
steadily over the years.*

Aircraft themselves are evolving in form, function and efficiency.

A number of striking new designs have emerged with significant
technological and environmental benefits.*