(1998)

Crabtree & Miller19992000

2003

2002

(
2004

67



()
()

(holistic perspective)

(1996
19951992Silverman1993)

(Hermeneutics)

(reality)

()
Padgett (2000)

(exploration)
(discovery)(inductive logic)
(multipleinterrelationship)
68

in-depth interview
(1)

()
(making things visible)

69

ought to be
really be(1989)

phenomenological
(life world)
(19881989)

(2004)(Cohen &
Manion1985Epstein1985Rukdeschel1985)
()

(Phenomenology) (Edmund
Husserl, 1859-1963)

()

(2007)

70

1996

Morse1994
3-1-1 Morse

break down
put together

71

3-1-1

Morse, J. M. (1994) .

72

Bettleheim

(
2004)

( Percy
Bridgman19952007)

3-2-1

3-2-1

73

( 3-2-2)

3-2-2
74


Morse1994

3-2-1

()

(1996)

experience/ behavior
feeling
knowledge
sensory

(2004)

(Babbie1995)
()
(secondary analysis)
Hakim

(primary data)
(secondary data)(2004)

75

DM

()

3-2-1

9U

()

(purposeful sampling)
(information-rich cases)
(1998)

76

1.
2.

3.

4.

45
19 30 2008 2 2008
6 1-2 1-3
3-2-2

45 (2007)
3-3-3 2008 2 20008 4

77

 3-2-2

()

A1

970407

75

A2

970407

75

B1

970404

90

B2

970404

90

B3

970404

90

C1

970422

30

C2

970422

120

C3

970422

120

D1

970422

55

D2

970422

110

E1

970405

70

F1

970409

85

F2

970409

85

G1

970425

105

H1

970428

65

I1

970423

105

J1

970416

110

K1

970426

95

L1

970426

115

L2

970426

115

M1

970409

90

N1

970412

115

N2

970426

75

O1

970424

100

P1

970425

45

P2

970425

45

Q1

970425

65

R1

970428

70

R2

970428

70

S1

970625

140

D
E
F

L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S

30

78

2
1
2

2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1

()

(19962002)
1.
(1)

( A B)
2 5 (A1A2B1B2B3)
(
3-2-1) A
B 3-2-2

(2)

(3)

2.

(1996)

79

1-3

(S1)
(F1)

(
)

8
9
11

80

 45 28 62%

50adequate
60
good 70very good

81

3-2-1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

3-2-2
1.

2.

3.

4.

82



()
Strauss & Corbin1990
grounded theory
categoryproperties
dimensionsheterogeneity
(selective coding)
story line(
20021995)
()
spss 10.0

()

(convergence)
(internal homogeneity) (external
heterogeneity)
83

(Guba,1978)
3-4-1(1997
20041995)
()
1.(coding)

(category)

2.

(axial coding)

3.

84

descriptive

zero-order description

interpreting

first-order interpretation

second-order hemeneutics

/
higher-order

1.
2.
3.
(putting together)

1.
2.
3.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

context

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

3-4-1

85

()

(
3-4-1 3-4-1)
1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
2.
(1)

(2)

(3)

3.

(Core
Category)( 3-4-1)

86

4.

(axial coding)

5.

87

 3-4-1

Q:
A:83,
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)...,
,!
!.
Q:...
A:,()
Q:
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88

()

()

()

()

()

(2007)

Lincoln & Guba

1984 (
1996)

(dependability)

()(DM
)

(F1)

(F1)
89

()

1.

( 3-5-1)
2.
3.

4.

5.

()

24

(immersion)

90

 3-5-1
()

15

25

25

9704

9704

9705

04

29

25

9704

9704

9705

9705

9705

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22

28

02

02

02

27

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9704

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22

29

10

29

29

9704

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14

27

09

28

9704

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24

28

15

28

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15

28

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C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
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N2

9704

9705

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02

12

28

28

9704

9704

9705

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29

03

30

9704

9704

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27

06

30

9704

9704

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29

02

30

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20

27

30

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9704

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27

14

31

31

9704

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9705

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9706

12

02

15

09

09

9704

9705

9705

9706

9706

26

03

15

02

02

91

PPT

PPT

12

07

9705

9705

()

DM

9704

9704

9704

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P
Q
R
T
S

9704

9704

9705

9705

9705

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30

14

29

29

9704

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04

13

24

24

9704

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05

12

28

9704

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28

06

14

18

9704

9705

24

14

9706

9707

25

08

triangulation(triangulation method)

seeking
trustworthiness
thick description(2004)
Patton1990method
resourceanalyst
theory-perspective

1998

(Neumanl997
2000)

92


1.
2.
3.(()(DM
)
3-5-1

3-5-1

93

(readability)
(transferability)(dependability)(Guba &
Lincoln, 1984)Hammersley(1990)
(validity as reflexive account)
1.2.
3.4.
5.Lincoln(1995)

(
1996)

94

(F1G1J1O1)
(N1)

(B1D1J1)

(1998)

(1997Punch1994)

95

Babbie(1995)

(
1998)

()

(1998)

96


3-7-1
3-7-1

2007
7

2008
8

10

11

97

12