A data model is a collection of conceptual tools for describing data, data relationships, data semantics, and

consistency constraints. The two types of data models are - the entity relationship model and the relational model.
Data Model Structure and Constraints

Constructs are used to define the database structure

Constructs typically include elements (and their datatypes) as well as groups of elements (e.g. entity,
record,table), and relationships among such groups.
Constraints specify some restrictions on valid data; these constraints must be enforced at all times

Data Model Operations