ASSIGNMENT 5

1.

2.

3.

4.

When gasoline burns in a car engine, heat released causes the products CO 2 and H2O to
expand, which pushes the piston outward. Excess heat is removed by the cars cooling
system. If expanding gases do 451J of work on the pistons and the system loses 325 J to
the surroundings as heat, calculate the change in energy (E) in J, kJ and kcal.
In each of the following cases, determine the sign of H. State whether the reaction is
exothermic or endothermic.
a. H2 (g) + O2 (g) H2O (l) +285.8kJ
b. 40.7 kJ + H2O (l) H2O (g)
A layer of copper welded to the bottom of a skillet weighs 125g. How much heat is needed
to raise the temperature of the copper layer from 25oC to 300oC? The specific heat capacity
(c) of Cu is 0.387 J/gK
The major source of aluminium in the world is bauxite (mostly aluminium oxide). Its thermal
decomposition can be represented by
Hrxn = 1676 kJ

5.

If aluminium is produced this way, how many grams of aluminium can form when 1.000x103
kJ of heat is transferred.
Two gaseous pollutants that form in auto exhaust are CO and NO. An environmental
engineer is studying ways to convert them to less harmful gases through the following
equation:
CO (g) + NO (g) CO2 (g) + N2 (g)
H = ?
Given the following information, calculate the unknown H:
Equation A:

CO (g) + O2 (g) CO2 (g)

HA = -283.0 kJ

Equation B:

N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g)

HB = 180.6 kJ

6.

Calculate
for the combustion of 1 mol of propane at 25oC :
C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l)

7.

At 298 K, the formation of ammonia has a negative

:
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g)

= -197 J/K
Calculate
, and state whether the reaction occurs spontaneously at this
temperature.

8.

Potassium chlorate, a common oxidizing agent in fireworks and matchheads, undergoes a

solid-state disproportion reaction when heated:
Use

9.

and

4KClO3 (s)
3KClO4 (s) + KCl (s)
values to calculate
(
) at 25oC for this reaction

Use values to calculate

for the reaction
A key step in the production of sulphuric acid is the oxidation of SO2 (g) to SO3 (g):
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g)

At 298 K, G = -141.6 kJ; H = =-198.4 kJ; S = -187.9 J/K

a) Use the data to decide if this reaction is spontaneous at 25oC and predict how
G will change with increasing T
b) Assuming that H and S are constant with T, is this reaction spontaneous at
900oC
c) Calculate K at 298 K and at 973 K (Go973 = -12.12 kJ/mol)
d) In experiments to determine the effect of temperature on reaction spontaneity,
two sealed containers are filled with 0.500 atm of SO2, 0.0100 atm of O2, and
0.100 atm of SO3 and kept at 25oC and at 700oC. In which direction, if any, will
the reaction proceed to reach equilibrium at each temperature
e) Calculate G for the system in part (d) at each temperature.