TAT-14

3 References

TAT-14 is the 14th consortium transatlantic telecommunications cable system. In operation from 2001, it uses
wavelength division multiplexing. The cable system is
built from multiple pairs of bresone bre in each pair
is used for data carried in one direction and the other in
the opposite direction. Although optical bre can be used
in both directions simultaneously, for reliability it is better not to require splitting equipment at the end of the
individual bre to separate transmit and receive signals
hence a bre pair is used. TAT-14 uses four pairs of
brestwo pairs as active and two as backup. Each bre
in each pair carries 16 wavelengths in one direction, and
each wavelength carries up to an STM-256 (38,486,016
kbit/s as payload).[1] The bres are bundled into submarine cables connecting the United States and the European
Union (United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark) in a ring topology.[2]

[1] https://www.tat-14.com/tat14/
[2] CABLE LANDING LICENSE. U.S. Federal Communications Commission. 1999-10-01. Retrieved 2013-0809.
[3] VS wijst knelpunten Nederland aan (in Dutch). RTL
Nieuws. 2010-12-06. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
[4] Wearden, Graeme (2003-11-26). Cable failure hits UK
Internet trac. ZDNet. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
[5] Craig, Andrew (2003-11-26). Net failure hits UK. webuser.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
[6] Network Outage in EU aecting AMS1 and AMS2.
DigitalOcean. 2014-05-19. Retrieved 2015-07-09.

By the time this cable went into operation, the expected

long boom (term coined by Wired magazine) was already ending in the dot-com death. The overinvestment
in transcontinental optical ber capacity led to a nancial
crisis in private cable operators like Global Crossing.
In the cables leak released by WikiLeaks, it is revealed
that the landing point in Katwijk, the Netherlands is included in a US Government list of critical infrastructure
susceptible to terrorist attack.[3]

Cable failure

In November 2003, TAT-14 suered two breaks within

weeks of each other, rst on the southern link between
the US and UK, then on the link between France and
the Netherlands which had been providing redundant service to the UK via the northern link through Denmark,
resulting in disruption to Internet services in the United
Kingdom.[4][5]
On May 19, 2014 preliminary reports from hosting
provider Digital Ocean suggested that TAT-14 was the
cause for the disrupted services between the EU and the
US.[6]

External links
TAT-14 Cable System
1

4 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

4.1

Text

TAT-14 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAT-14?oldid=703394201 Contributors: LA2, SimonP, Cimon Avaro, Pigsonthewing,

DocWatson42, Jonathan O'Donnell, Bobblewik, Oskar Sigvardsson, Rich Farmbrough, Guanabot, Xezbeth, Bender235, West London
Dweller, Qnonsense, Nuggetboy, Marudubshinki, Tim!, Vegaswikian, FlaBot, Ground Zero, Dmuth, Resolute, Yvwv, Sardanaphalus,
SmackBot, Slashme, Sam8, Kintetsubualo, Mauls, Sloman, Bluebot, Kidorf, Rarelibra, Aftereight, Cydebot, Mhammett, Dgstangel,
Mikael Hggstrm, Djem, HAdG, TXiKiBoT, Robster1983, Lightbot, Legobot, Bunnyhop11, DSisyphBot, Miracle Pen, Mumsomho,
Frietjes, BG19bot, Atlasowa, Monkbot, Hoandhalf and Anonymous: 25

4.2

Images

File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg License: Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: User:Madden
File:Flag_of_France.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
File:Flag_of_Germany.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg License: PD Contributors: ?
Original artist: ?
File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg License: Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: Zscout370
File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg License:
PD Contributors: ? Original artist: ?

4.3

Content license

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