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PAGE # 1
Area bounded b/w graph of function y = f(x) & x-axis b/w the ordinates x = a & x = b is given as
b
| y |dx =
| f x |dx .
a
f x dx .
a
2.
Similarly area bounded by y-axis and the curve x = g(y) b/w y = a & y = b
b
| x |dy = | g y |dy .
R.A. =
NOTE :
| y |dx
R.A. =
2
2
|x
4x |dx
3
= 2 4x x
4x 2 x 4
= 2 2 4
0
4 4 24
= 2 2 4 = 8.
Q.2
Find the area bounded b/w coordinate axes & the curve y = cos1 x
1
R.A. =
y dx =
cos
0
x dx
PAGE # 2
/2
or R.A. =
x dy
/2
cos y dy = 1.
Q.3
Find the area b/w the curve y = x 2 5x 6 & x-axis b/w x = 0 & x = 5
5
| y |dx
R.A. =
y dx y dx + y dx
x2 5x 6 dx
x2 5x 6 dx +
5x 6 dx
| x |dy
R.A. :
x dy =
4 y dy
2
2
4
or R.A. = 2
4 x dx .
Q.5
Find the area b/w x-axis & the curve x 10 y 8 42 b/w x = 7 and x = 9
x 102 y 82 16
y 8 16 x 10
R.A. =
y dx
7
8
7
2
16 x 10 dx .
3(a).
PAGE # 3
The area b/w two curves y = f(x) & y = g(x) b/w the limits x = a & x = b can be given as
b
R.A. =
...(i)
| y
y 2 |dx
| f x g x |dx
a
This (i) is always true irrespective of relative location of the curves w.r.t. x-axis.
(b) Sly the area bounded b/w two curves x = f(y) & x = g(y) b/w y = a & y = b can be given as
b
| x
x 2 | dy
| g y f y |dy .
a
Q.1
Find the area bounded b/w y = sin x & y = cos x b/w x = 0 & x =
/4
R.A. =
cos x sin x dx
Q.2
sin x cos x dx
/4
x 2 4 4x
x 2 4x 4 0
x=
4 16 16
2
x=2 2 2
= 22 2
=2+2 2
R.A. =
UC LG dx = y
y 2 dx =
METHOD-2 : y = x 2 4
x=
y4
x = y4
4x x
4 dx
PAGE # 4
R.A. =
4 y 4 y dy +
y
4 y dy .
4
Q.4
Area bounded by more than 2 curves will be the area for which all the curves will form its boundary
NOTE :
In the absence of close bounded area the unbounded area can be given if exist.
The contribution of a curve in the closed area may be of one point only in the absence of any other properly
bounded area.
Q.1
5
Find area bounded b/w y = x 2 4x 3 , x-axis, y-axis & the tangent to curve at point x =
?
2
y = x 2 4x 3
x = 5/2
y=
T=
3
2
y
2
3
5
5
2 = x 2 x + 3
2
3
x 10 6
2
y = x
5
2
5/2
x axis tangent
parabola tangent
R.A. =
Q.2
0 x 2 dx +
5/2
4x 3 x dx .
R.A. = 2
10 x 1 x2 dx + 2
For solve
y x2 1
+ve will be
& y 10 x
10 x x
1
1 dx
Q.3
PAGE # 5
Find the area enclosed by y = sin1 x , y = cos1 x & (a) x-axis (b) y-axis
1/ 2
(i)
sin x dx +
cos 1 x dx
1/ 2
/4
or
cos y sin y dy
0
1/ 2
cos
(ii) R.A. =
x sin1 x dx
/4
or
/2
sin y dy
Q.4
cos y dy .
/4
(i) R.A. =
cos
x tan1 x dx
/4
or R.A. =
/2
tan y dy
0
(ii) x = 2y y 2
x = y 2 y
2
R.A. =
2y y dy
2
cot y dy .
/4
PAGE # 6
or
1 x 1 1 x dx
(iii)
AREA OF REGION :
Equality represents the curve & inequality represents the region :
NOTE :
Q.1
Q.2
|x + y| 1, |y x| 1 & 4x 2 4y2 1
1 x y 1 , 1 x y 1
R.A. 4
1
1
= 2 .
2
4
4
Q.3
y x & x 2 y2 2
Q.4
x 2 y2 4
x 2 y 2 2 | x | 2 | y | 0 .
Q.5
max. | x |, | y | 2
& |y|
Q.6
1
e |x| .
2
x 2 y 2 6x 4y 12 0
& y x & x 5/2.
**
*
*
*a
O
**
**
*
* *
*
**
1
**
* * ****
*
*
*
**
**
***
*** 1
**
**
*** * *
*
Q.3
PAGE # 7
y2 x
** *
****
*
x 2 y2 2
x2 x 2 0
x 2 x 1 0
1
R.A. =
2 x 2 x dx .
Q.4
A1
1
22 2
2
A1 A 2
1
4
4
A 2 A3
1
2
2
2 ** ***
**A3
A2 ****
***
**
A1
2
RA
A 3 A 2 A 3 A1 A 2 A 1
4
RA
2 R.A. = 8.
4
Q.5
1
e|x|
2
1
e x
2
1
= e x
2
n 2
A1
0
e
n 2 n 2
x 1
x
1 n2
x
= 1 e
=
=
e 2 dx = e
2
2 n2
2
2
2
R.A. = 4 4 n e / 2 .
5/2
Q.6
5/2
x circle dx =
x 2
2
3
1 x 3 dx
Q.7
PAGE # 8
In a ABC vertex A is origin, B is (8, 0) & C is 4, 4 / 3 . Now a pt. P moves inside the D such that it is always
closer to AB then to AC or BC, then find area of region in which P can move
DPAB DPAC
P
& DPAB DBC
R.A. = 2 2 4 4 tan15
= 16 tan 15
= 16(2
Q.8
3 ).
Let a square have vertices ( 1, 1 ) & a point P moves wsithin noves within this eq. Such that it is always closer
to origin than any one of the edges, then find the area of region in which it can move
OP < PL1
& OP < PL2
& OP < PL3
& OP < PL4
y 2 4ax
y 2 4
1
1
x
2
2
= 1 2x.
OP < PL1
x2 y2
| x 1|
1
y 2 1 2x
x 2 1 2y
For A1
x 2 1 2x
x 2 2x 1 0
x = 1 2
A1 :
2 1, 2 1
A2
PAGE # 9
2 1
1/ 2
A2
1 2x dx
2 1
R.A. = 8 A 1 A 2 .
1.
To find area bounded by y = f 1 x , we can equivalently find area bounded by y = f(x) & in all rest of the terms
interchange x & y.
Q.1
Let f(x) = x3 4x then find the area bounded by y = f 1 x & x-axis b/w limits x = 5 & x = 16
To find the req. area we can equivalently find area bounded by y = f(x), y-axis b/w y = 5 & y = 16.
x 3 4x 16
x=2
x3 4x 5
x = 1
0
A1
4x dx
x4
2
= 4 2x
=
0
1
9
2
4
4
A2
4x dx
x4
= 4 2x = 12
R.A. = 16 2 12 1 5
Q.2
9
.
4
x 2 4ax 4a2 0
x=
PAGE # 10
4a 16a2 16a2
= 2a 2a 2
2
= 2a 1 2
2a 1 2
x A 2a 1 2
xB
1
2
2a 1 2
R.A. = 2
2a 1 2
2a
x2
4a a dx
xB
NOTE :
x2
2
x
dx .
total bounded are =
4a
P.T.R.
1.
Area of ellipse = ab
2.
In case of rectangle, triangle, trapazium, rhombus, //gm & circle, try to find area using geometry.
3.
4.
If interchanging x & y in one of the equ.s gives the equ. of other then pt. of intersection can be found by
solving with x = y.
1.
2.
Q.3
2
2
3
(i) y 2 4ax 0 & y 4a x 8a 0
(ii) y = ex nx and y =
n x
ex
1
(iii) x-axis, y = n(x + e), x = n
y
(i) y 2 4ax
8a3
y2 4a2
8a3
2
x 4a2
a>0
PAGE # 11
For A
x2
8a3
2
4a x 4a2
x 4 4a2 x 2 32a 4 0
x2
x2
4a2 12a2
2
x 2 4a2
x = 2a.
2a
x2 8a3
2
dx
R.A. =
4a x2 4a2
0
(iii) R.A. =
n x e dx +
e 1
dx
(ii) y = ex n x
and y =
D R
Root 1
y > 0 (1, )
< 0 (0, 1)
x 0 y 0
x , y
n x
ex
D R+
Root 1
y>0 x>1
y < 0 x (0, 1)
x 0 y
x y 0
ex n x =
x2
x=
e2
1
R.A. =
1/ e
nx
ex n x dx
ex
1/ e
1
= e
1
e
n x
dx e
x
x n x dx .
1/ e
Q.2
PAGE # 12
P.T. the areas S0 , S1, S2 .... bounded by x-axis & half waves of the curve y = ex sin x x 0 forms a G.P.,
.,
& then its common ratio ?
k 1
ex sin x dx
Sk
II
k 1
k 1
sin x
=
+
ex cos x dx
k
k
x
k 1
k 1
Sk
cos x
k
Sk
2 2
cos x
ex sin x dx
k 1
Sk 1
Sk = e .
Q.3
1
y
y'
y =
1
x
y
x
y 0
y 0
x 0
A1 A 2 A 3
A1 A 2
1 2
a
2
a2 = a2
4
4
| x | | y | a & x 2 y 2 a2
PAGE # 13
2 1 2
a a
4
2
A3
A1
a x
dx .
Q.4
(i) Find area enclosed by y 2 a x x 2 a x . (ii) Find area enclosed by above curve & line x = a, a > 0.
a x
y 2 x2
a x
x [ a, a)
The curve is symmetric about x-axis
a x
ax
y x
0
ax
(i) 2 x a x dx
a
a
a x
(ii) 2 x a x dx .
Q.5
Find the area of region bounded on 1st quad. bounded by the left on y-axis below by the line y =
left by curve y = 1 +
y=
x on above right y =
x
on above
4
2
x
x>0
x 0
y .
DETERMINANTION OF PARAMETERS :
NOTE:
While writing the area in terms of parameters we should ensure that the expression retained for area should be
+ve & no area is getting cancelled in between.
Q.1
(ii) y =
4
1
1
,y=
, x = 2, x = is n
5
x
2x 1
(i) C - I : > 4
9
2/
2 dx
x
4
x2
, x = 1, y = is 9/4
PAGE # 14
9
4
x
4
x 2 /
9
2 4
4
4
2
9
44
4
4
7
0
4
43
7 1
4 16 7
=
= ,
2
2 2
2
49 1
,
4
4
49
4
( 4 )
9
Case - II : 4
2/
49 1
,
4 4
1
4
Final Ans. :
2 dx
x
( 4 )
1 49
,
4 4
(ii)
Case - I : > 2
4
1
1
n
dx
x 2x 1
5
2
4
1
n
n x n 2x 1
2
5
2
4
1
1
n
n n 2 1 n 2 n 3
2
2
5
2
4
2 n
2 n 2 n 3 n
5
2 1
2
1
16
n
4 n
5
3
2 1
PAGE # 15
2
64
2 1 15
15 2 128 64 0
Case - II : < 2
2
x 2x 1 dx
1
n x
n 2x 1
2
1
= n 2
1
1
n 3 n 1 n 1
2
2
1
2
n
= n2 n
.
3
3
Q.1
If f is a monotonic function in (a, b) then the area bounded by y = f(x) & y = f(k) k (a, b) b/w the ordinates x
= a & x = b will be min. if k =
k
A(k) =
ab
2
f k f x dx +
f x f k dx
k
= f k k a f k b k f x dx
f x dx
a
for max/min
A(k) = 0
A ' k f ' k 2k a b 2f k f k f k
A ' k 0 2k = a + b k =
ab
2
f x
x3
x2 a & x-axis
3
x3
x2
3
x2
x 3
3
A ' k f ' k 2k a b
PAGE # 16
k k 2 20
2
xB
A(k) =
kx 2 x
3 dx
xA
xB
kx x
5 dx
xA
A(k) =
A(k) =
k xB2 x2A
2
xB
+ 5 x dx
2
xA
xB2 x2A
2
2
k xB x 'B x A x 'A + x 'B 5 xB x 'A 5 x A
2
xB2 x 2A
2
2
x 'B kxB 5 xB x 'A kx A 5 x A
A(k) =
2
DETERMINATION OF FUNCTION :
1.
Let c1 and c2 be the graphs of y = x 2 & y = 2x resp. where x [0, 1] & c3 be graph of funct. y = f(x) where f(0)
= 0 & x lies b/w 0 & 1 as shown. For a point p and c 1 drawn lines parallel to axis intersect c 2 & c3 in Q & R resp.
for each position of p. Now ar(OPQ) = ar(OPR) then find f(x).
Ar OPQ Ar OPR
2
y 2 dy =
f x dx
2
2
2
f
2
PAGE # 17
f 2 3 2 2 3 2
f x x3 x2 .
Q.2
Let y = f(x) be a continuous integrable functions & if the area (OPA) = ar(OPB) [see adj. fig.] then find y = f(x)
2
yf
y dy
2 x2
x 2 dx
2
2 f 1 2
f 1 2
3
f 2
4
f x
Q.3
16 2
x .
9
non ve.
b
2
b a | f x |dx f x dx
b
2
b a2
f b
x
f(x) =
Q.4
x a2
e t e t
et et
& y =
is a pt. on x 2 y2 1 . Show that the area bounded by this
2
2
hyperbola & the lines joining its centre to the points corresponding to t 1 & t 1 is t 1.
xA
A1
y dx
1
x=
et t t
2
et e t
dt
dx =
2
t1
et e t
A1
dt
2
1
= 4
PAGE # 18
t1
2t
e2t 2 dt
1
1 e2t e2t
2t
= 4
2
1 e2t1 e2t1
2t1
= 4
2
1 e t1 e t1 e t1 e t1
A 2 Ar OAM = 2
2
2
=
A 2 A1
1 2t1
e e2t1
2
t1
2
R.A. = 2 A 2 A1 t1 .
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