Professional Documents
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Ajay S. Satpute
Sr. Process Engineer
M. Tech. (Chemical)
I.I.T., Madras, INDIA
Ramboll Oil & Gas, QATAR
Introduction:
This spreadsheet is the compilation of pressure drop calculation equations for piping and pipeline.
The purpose of this exercise is to have most reliable equations for pressure drop calculations at one place.
YELLOW boxes are for input parameters and BLUE boxes are the calculated values.
PIPE SIZING
Single phase (Liquid)
Turbulent
Pressure drop in Pa
Darcy friction factor
Pipe length in meter
Liquid velocity in m/s
Pipe ID in meter
Reynold's number
Relative roughness
Liquid density in kg/m3
Liquid viscosity in Pa.s
198,851
0.021
100
3.438
5.00E-02
137,520
9.00E-04
800
6.05E-04
PIPELINE SIZING
Q
C
d
Where;
Kinematic viscosity, m /s
Friction factor
Pipe ID in mm
2
267.9
24.3
1.00E-05
0.0068
50
2.2 (NRem = NRe / 7742)
0.8
(Turbulent)
ter)
From Wikipedia
ater column
17
50
0.0058905
100
5.00E-02
PIPE SIZING
Single phase (Gas) (> 10")
Where;
Weymouth equation
Panhandle equation
Pipe ID in inch
Upstream pressure in psia
L'
S
Z
T1
Pipe length in ft
Specific gravity of gas at standard condition
Compressibility factor
1.074
Where;
D
P1
P2
2
100
90
150
1
0.9961
S
Z
T1
550
Note: Weymouth equation can be used for piping and pipeline for ID 12".
Pipe ID in inch
Upstream pressure in psia
Downstream pressure in psia
Pipe length in miles
Specific gravity of gas at standard condition
Compressibility factor
Gas inlet temperature in oR
Efficiency factor;
1 for brand new pipe
0.95 for good operating conditions
0.92 for average operating conditions
0.85 for unfavorable operating conditions
Note: Panhandle equation can be used for piping and pipeline for ID > 10".
PIPELINE SIZING
173.932
12
100
90
0.028575
1
0.9961
550
1
Where;
Panhandle equation
1.074
Pipe ID in inch
Upstream pressure in psia
2
100
90
150
1
0.9961
550
Where;
Pipe ID in inch
Upstream pressure in psia
Downstream pressure in psia
Pipe length in miles
Specific gravity of gas at standard condition
Compressibility factor
Gas inlet temperature in oR
Efficiency factor;
1 for brand new pipe
0.95 for good operating conditions
0.92 for average operating conditions
0.85 for unfavorable operating conditions
Note: Weymouth equation can be used for piping and pipeline for ID 12".
Note: Panhandle equation can be used for piping and pipeline for ID > 10".
173.932
12
100
90
0.028575
1
0.9961
550
1
PIPE SIZING
Single phase (Gas) (Near atmospheric operating pressure lines)
Spitzglass equation
Babcock equation
(From internet)
th
Where;
Where;
Two phase
Pipe ID in inch
S
L'
0.0777
10
D
W
L'
'
1
150
7.3
2
1500
150
0.146
Where;
f
W
D
C
Note: Spitzglass equation can be used for piping and pipeline for single phase gas at
near atmospheric operating pressure.
Note: Babcock equation can be used for piping and pipeline for
steam.
PIPELINE SIZING
Spitzglass equation
Two phase
Babcock equation
Pipe ID in inch
Specific gravity of gas at standard condition
L'
Pipe length in ft
0.0777
10
2
1
D
W
L'
'
7.3
2
1500
150
0.146
Where;
f
150
W
D
C
Note: Spitzglass equation can be used for piping and pipeline for single phase gas at
near atmospheric operating pressure.
Note: Babcock equation can be used for piping and pipeline for
steam.
Two phase
Modified Darcy equation
API 14E, 5th edition
Erosional velocity equation
API 14E, 5th edition
Pressure drop in psi/100 ft
0.365
137.0
0.02
15000
Pipe ID in inch
1
100
Two phase
Modified Darcy equation
API 14E, 5th edition
Erosional velocity equation
API 14E, 5th edition
Pressure drop in psi/100 ft
Erosional velocity in ft/s
Moody / Darcy friction factor
Mass flow rate in lb/hr
0.365
137.0
0.02
15000
Pipe ID in inch
Average mixture density, lb/ft3
Empirical constant
100 for continuous service
125 for non-continuous service
6
1
100