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CH 5 Practice-4
CH 5 Practice-4
1. A glass column is filled with mercury and inverted in a pool of mercury. The mercury column stabilizes at a height of 735 mm
above the pool of mercury. What is the pressure of the atmosphere?
A) 0.697 atm
B) 0.735 atm
C) 0.967 atm
D) 1.03 atm
E) 194 atm
2. The volume of a balloon is 3.78 L at 22.8C. The balloon is heated to 42.4C. Calculate the new volume of the balloon.
A) 7.03 L
B) 4.03 L
C) 2.03 L
D) 3.55 L
E) 3.78 L
Use the following to answer question 3:
Consider three 1-L flasks at the same temperature and pressure. Flask A contains CO gas, flask B contains N 2 gas, and flask C contains
O2 gas.
Samples of the gases H2(g) and SO2(g) have equal masses and are at the same temperature and pressure. Calculate the following:
V
H2
V
SO 2
5. The ratio of volumes
A) 1.0
B) 0.18
C) 32
D) 5.6
E) 180
6. A balloon contains 10.0 g of neon gas. With the temperature kept constant, 10.0 g of argon gas is added. What
happens?
A) The balloon doubles in volume.
B) The volume of the balloon expands by more than 2 times.
C) The volume of the balloon expands by less than 2 times.
D) The balloon stays the same size, but the pressure increases.
E) none of these
7. The volume of a helium balloon is 1.85 L at 24.0C and 1.00 atm at sea level. The balloon is released and floats upward. At a
certain altitude, the balloon has a volume of 2.14 L and the temperature is 15.2C. What is the atmospheric pressure at this
altitude?
A) 0.538 atm
B) 0.839 atm
C) 0.891 atm
D) 1.36 atm
E) none of these
Use the following to answer question 8:
Three 1.00-L flasks at 25C and 725 torr contain the gases CH4 (flask A), CO2 (flask B), and C2H6 (flask C).
Consider two samples of helium in separate containers of the same volume. Sample 1 has an absolute temperature four times that of
Sample 2. Both samples are at the same pressure.
Four identical 1.0-L flasks contain the gases He, Cl2, CH4, and NH3, each at 0C and 1 atm pressure.
A plastic bag is weighed and then filled successively with two gases, X and Y. The following data are gathered:
Temperature: 0.0C
25. The mass of 1.12 L of gas Y is found to be 6.23 g. The density of gas Y is
A) 10.6 g/L.
B) 5.56 g/L.
C) 15.6 g/L.
D) 0.200 g/L.
E) 0.180 g/L.
26. The molar mass of gas Y is
A) 56.0 g/mol.
B) 89.0 g/mol.
C) 125 g/mol.
D) 140. g/mol.
E) 157 g/mol.
27. It is found that 250. mL of gas at STP has a mass of 1.00 g. What is the molar mass?
A) 89.6 g/mol
B) 28.0 g/mol
C) 14.0 g/mol
D) 22.4 g/mol
E) none of these
28. Air has an average molar mass of 29.0 g/mol. The density of air at 1.00 atm and 30C is
A) 29.0 g/L.
B) 40.0 g/mL.
C) 1.17 g/L.
D) 1.29 g/L.
E) 12 g/L.
29. Equimolar amounts of the gases N2 and H2 are mixed in a closed container fitted with a piston (allowing the volume of the
container to change, thus keeping the pressure constant). Calculate the ratio of the final volume of the container to the initial
volume of the container when the reaction N2 + 3H2 2NH3 goes to completion.
A) 2/3
B) 3/2
C) 1
D) 1/3
E) none of these
30. The density of a certain diatomic gas is 1.696 g/L at STP. Identify the gas.
A) H2
B) N2
C) O2
D) F2
E) Cl2
31. Potassium chlorate decomposes upon heating as follows:
2KClO3(s) 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)
A 2.36-g sample of KClO3 decomposes, and the oxygen at 23.8C and 0.930 atm is collected. What volume of oxygen gas will
be collected, assuming 100% yield?
A) 0.504 mL
B) 1.93 mL
C) 0.756 mL
D) 0.0607 mL
E) 0.0404 mL
32. Calculate the density of nitrogen at STP.
A) 0.312 g/L
B) 0.625 g/L
C) 0.800 g/L
D) 1.25 g/L
E) 1.60 g/L
33. A volatile liquid produced 0.387 g of vapor in a 258.0-mL flask at 100.0C and 0.995 atm. What is the molar mass of the
liquid?
A) 8.39 g/mol
B) 36.6 g/mol
C) 46.1 g/mol
D) 12.3 g/mol
E) 31.3 g/mol
34. What volume of carbon dioxide measured at STP will be formed by the reaction of 1.30 mol of oxygen with 9.00 101 mol of
ethyl alcohol (CH3CH2OH)?
A) 8.70 L
B) 19.4 L
C) 28.0 L
D) 40.3 L
E) 91.9 L
35. If a 2.15-g sample of a gas occupies 750. mL at STP, what is the molar mass of the gas at 125C?
A) 3.07 102
B) 64.2
C) 70.1
D) 75.0
E) Not enough information is given.
36. Into a 3.50-liter container at 23C are placed 1.18 mol of O2 gas and 4.70 mol of solid C (graphite). If the carbon and oxygen
react completely to form CO(g), what will be the final pressure in the container at 23C?
A) 16.4 atm
B) 32.6 atm
C) 0.636 atm
D) 40.8 atm
E) 8.19 atm
37. When a mixture is prepared from 15.0 L of ammonia and 15.0 L of chlorine measured at the same conditions, these compounds
react according to the following equation:
2NH3(g) + 3Cl2(g) N2(g) + 6HCl(g)
When the reaction is completed, what are the volumes of the gases (NH3, Cl2, N2, and HCl, respectively)? Assume the final
volumes are measured under identical conditions.
A) 0.00 L, 5.00 L, 7.50 L, and 45.0 L
B) 5.00 L, 0.00 L, 5.00 L, and 30.0 L
C) 0.00 L, 0.00 L, 7.50 L, and 45.0 L
D) 0.00 L, 0.00 L, 5.00 L, and 30.0 L
E) 0.00 L, 10.0 L, 15.0 L, and 90.0 L
38. A mixture of KCl and KClO3 weighing 1.80 g was heated; the dry O2 generated occupied 1.40 102 mL at STP. What percent of
the original mixture was KClO3? KClO3 decomposes as follows:
2KClO3(s) 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)
A) 28.4%
B) 37.2%
C) 42.6%
D) 63.8%
E) 72.6%
39. An excess of sodium hydroxide is treated with 1.5 L of dry hydrogen chloride gas measured at STP. What is the mass of sodium
chloride formed?
A) 8.7 102 g
B) 1.5 103 g
C) 1.1 103 g
D) 3.9 g
E) 1.8 103 g
40. Magnesium metal reacts with hydrochloric acid to form aqueous magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. An excess of
magnesium is reacted with 20.0 mL of 3.00 M hydrochloric acid, and all of the hydrogen is collected in a balloon at 25C and
1.00 atm. What is the expected volume of the balloon?
A) 0.672 L
B) 0.734 L
C) 1.34 L
D) 1.47 L
E) 22.4 L
41. When 0.72 g of a liquid is vaporized at 110C and 0.967 atm, the gas occupies a volume of 0.559 L. The empirical formula of
the gas is CH2. What is the molecular formula of the gas?
A) CH2
B) C2H4
C) C3H6
D) C4H8
E) none of these
42. A 3.50-g sample of lead(II) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2, molar mass = 331 g/mol, is heated in an evacuated cylinder with a volume of 1.75
L. The salt decomposes when heated, according to the equation
2Pb(NO3)2(s) 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
Assuming complete decomposition, what is the pressure in the cylinder after decomposition and cooling to a temperature of 270.
K? Assume the PbO(s) takes up negligible volume.
A) 0.335 atm
B) 0.134 atm
C) 0.669 atm
D) 0.469 atm
E) 0.673 atm
43. The purity of a sample containing zinc and weighing 0.198 g is determined by measuring the amount of hydrogen formed when
the sample reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid. The determination shows the sample to be 84.0% zinc. What amount of
hydrogen (measured at STP) was obtained?
A) 0.152 L
B) 0.0330 g
C) 3.42 103 mol
D) 1.53 1021 molecules
E) 1.53 1021 atoms
44. At 1000C and 10. torr, the density of a certain element in the gaseous state is 2.9 10-3 g/L. The element is
A) Ne.
B) He.
C) Na.
D) Ar.
E) Hg.
45. A 1.00-g sample of a gaseous compound of boron and hydrogen occupies 0.820 L at 1.00 atm and 3C. What is the molecular
formula for the compound?
A) BH3
B) B2H6
C) B4H10
D) B3H12
E) B5H14
46. How many of the following gases at STP are less dense than air at STP?
NH3, He, Kr, and F2
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
47. The oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide is
2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g)
If 100.0 mL of NO (at STP) reacts with 400.0 mL of O2 at STP, calculate the partial pressure of NO2 in the final reaction
mixture.
A) 0.222 atm
B) 0.333 atm
C) 0.286 atm
D) 0.250 atm
E) 1.00 atm
48. A balloon contains an anesthetic mixture of cyclopropane (C3H6) and oxygen (O2) at
170 torr and 550 torr, respectively. What is the ratio of the number of moles of cyclopropane to the number of moles of oxygen?
ncp/nO2 = ?
A) 0.24
B) 0.76
C) 0.31
D) 3.2
E) 0.27
49. A 250.0-L cylinder contains 65.0% He(g) and 35.0% Kr(g) by mass at 25.0 C and 1.35 atm total pressure. What is the partial
pressure of He in this container?
A) 0.473 atm
B) 0.675 atm
C) 0.878 atm
D) 1.32 atm
E) 1.35 atm
50. A 0.234-g sample of a gas in a 275-mL container at 23.5C exerts a pressure of 0.292 atm What is the molar mass of the gas?
A) 5.62 g/mol
B) 70.9 g/mol
C) 0.0141 g/mol
D) 32.0 g/mol
E) none of these
51. A 130.-mL sample of gas is collected over water at 22C and 753 torr. What is the volume of the dry gas at STP? (The vapor
pressure of water at 22C is 20. torr.)
A) 135 mL
B) 119 mL
C) 130. mL
D) 111 mL
E) none of these
52. A vessel with a volume of 10.2 L contains 3.14 g of nitrogen gas, 0.596 g of hydrogen gas, and 81.6 g of argon gas. At 26.0C,
what is the pressure in the vessel?
A) 0.513 atm
B) 2.93 atm
C) 205 atm
D) 5.89 atm
E) 9.11 104 atm
53. A 275.0-mL sample of O2 is collected over water at 60.0C. The total pressure is 755 torr. What is the volume of the O2 at the
STP? (The vapor pressure of water at 60C is 149 torr).
A) 180.0 mL
B) 224.0 mL
C) 244.0 mL
D) 333.0 mL
E) none of these
54. Oxygen gas, generated by the reaction 2KClO3(s) 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g), is collected over water at 27C in a 3.76-L vessel at a
total pressure of 750. torr. (The vapor pressure of H2O at 27C is 26.0 torr.) How many moles of KClO3 were consumed in the
reaction?
A) 0.104 mol
B) 1.08 mol
C) 0.0970 mol
D) 73.7 mol
E) 0.218 mol
55. A gaseous mixture containing 1.5 mol Ar and 3.5 mol CO2 has a total pressure of 7.0 atm. What is the partial pressure of CO2?
A) 1.8 atm
B) 2.1 atm
C) 3.5 atm
D) 4.9 atm
E) 2.4 atm
56. A 240.0-L cylinder contains 67.0% He(g) and 33.0% Kr(g) by mass at 24.0C and 1.35 atm total pressure. What is the mass of
He in this container?
A) 25.6 g
B) 643 g
C) 77.6 g
D) 52.0 g
E) 35.7 g
57. In which single flask do the molecules have the greatest mass, the greatest average velocity, and the highest kinetic energy?
A) flask A
B) flask B
C) flask C
D) all
E) none
Use the following to answer question 58:
Consider three 1.0-L flasks at STP. Flask A contains N2 gas, flask B contains Kr gas, and flask C contains He gas.
58. In which flask do the gas particles have the lowest average kinetic energy?
A) flask A
B) flask B
C) flask C
D) The pas particles in all of the flasks have the same average kinetic energy.
E) The gas particles in two of the flasks have the same average kinetic energy.
Four identical 1.0-L flasks contain the gases He, Cl2, CH4, and NH3, each at 0C and 1 atm pressure.
59. For which gas do the molecules have the highest average velocity?
A) He
B) Cl2
C) CH4
D) NH3
E) The molecules of all the gases have the same average velocity.
60. For which gas are the collisions elastic?
A) He
B) Cl2
C) CH4
D) NH3
E) The collisions are elastic for all the gases.
61. For which gas do the molecules have the smallest average kinetic energy?
A) He
B) Cl2
C) CH4
D) NH3
E) The molecules of all the gases have the same average kinetic energy.
Use the following to answer question 62:
Consider three 1-L flasks at the same temperature and pressure. Flask A contains CO gas, flask B contains N 2 gas, and flask C contains
O2 gas.
62. In which flask do the molecules have the greatest momentum per impact?
A) flask A
B) flask B
C) flask C
D) The molecules in all the flasks have the same momentum per impact.
E) The molecules in two of the flasks have the same momentum per impact.
63. Under which of the following conditions does a gas behave most ideally?
A) STP
B) P = 1.0 atm, T = 100.0C
C) P = 0.50 atm, T = 100.0C
D) P = 0.50 atm, T = 0.0C
E) P = 2.0 atm, T = -100.0C
Use the following to answer question 64:
Calculate the following ratios for a gas at Kelvin temperatures T1 and T2 where T2 = 2T1.
Samples of the gases H2(g) and SO2(g) have equal masses and are at the same temperature and pressure. Calculate the following:
urms (H 2 )
urms (SO 2 )
69. The ratio of the root-mean-square velocities
A) 1.0
B) 0.18
C) 32
D) 5.6
E) 180
FH
2
F SO
2
Consider two 1.0-L containers, one containing He(g) at 2.50 atm and 24C and the other containing Ar(g) at 5.00 atm and 48C.
Sample A Sample B
S2(g) O2(g)
n = 1 mol n = 2 mol
T = 800 K T = 400 K
P = 0.20 atm P = 0.40 atm
Calculate the following ratios for a gas at Kelvin temperatures T1 and T2 where T2 = 2T1.
Consider two samples of helium in separate containers of the same volume. Sample 1 has an absolute temperature four times that of
Sample 2. Both samples are at the same pressure.
Sample A Sample B
Calculate the temperature of the SF4(g) sample in which the number of wall impacts per second is the same as in the sample of
SF6(g).
A) -236C
B) 177 K
C) -34C
D) 437 K
E) none of these
Use the following to answer question 87:
Samples of the gases H2(g) and SO2(g) have equal masses and are at the same temperature and pressure. Calculate the following:
Calculate the following ratios for a gas at Kelvin temperatures T1 and T2 where T2 = 2T1.
Consider three 1-L flasks at the same temperature and pressure. Flask A contains CO gas, flask B contains N 2 gas, and flask C contains
O2 gas.
91. In which flask do the molecules have the greatest kinetic energy?
A) flask A
B) flask B
C) flask C
D) The molecules in all the flasks have the same kinetic energy.
E) The molecules in two of the flasks have the same kinetic energy.
Use the following to answer question 92:
Consider three 1.0-L flasks at STP. Flask A contains N2 gas, flask B contains Kr gas, and flask C contains He gas.
92. In which flask do the gas particles have the highest average velocity?
A) flask A
B) flask B
C) flask C
D) The gas particles in all the flasks have the same average velocity.
E) The gas particles in two of the flasks have the same average velocity.
93. How is the observed pressure of a gas related to the ideal pressure?
A) The observed pressure is less than the ideal pressure.
B) The observed pressure is greater than the ideal pressure.
C) They are equal.
D) The relationship depends on the gas.
E) none of these
94. How is the volume of the container related to the volume of an ideal gas?
A) The volume of the container is less than the volume of an ideal gas.
B) The volume of the container is more than the volume of an ideal gas.
C) They are equal.
D) The relationship depends on the gas.
E) none of these
95. Which gas, He or H2O vapor, has the lower value of a in the van der Waals equation?
A) He
B) H2O
C) The two gases have the same value of a.
D) It depends on the conditions of pressure and temperature.
96. Which gas, Kr or CO2 , has the lower value of b in the van der Waals equation?
A) Kr
B) CO2
C) The two gases have the same value of b.
D) It depends on the conditions of pressure and temperature.
Answer Key
1. C 1 C 2 A 3 C 4 C 5 E 6 E 7 A 8 A 9 D
1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1.
2. B 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 D 6 C 7 E 8 E 9 C
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2.
3. E 1 E 2 E 3 C 4 D 5 A 6 C 7 A 8 D 9 A
3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.
4. A 1 E 2 B 3 B 4 C 5 C 6 A 7 A 8 A 9 B
4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4.
5. C 1 A 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 D 6 D 7 A 8 E 9 A
5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5.
6. C 1 A 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 D 6 E 7 B 8 C 9 A
6. 6. 6. 6. 6. 6. 6. 6. 6.
7. B 1 C 2 A 3 B 4 A 5 E 6 B 7 C 8 E
7. 7. 7. 7. 7. 7. 7. 7.
8. D 1 B 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 D 6 C 7 E 8 A
8. 8. 8. 8. 8. 8. 8. 8.
9. B 1 C 2 A 3 D 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 C
9. 9. 9. 9. 9. 9. 9. 9.
1 C 2 B 3 D 4 B 5 B 6 E 7 B 8 D 9 E
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.