S GD T THI TH THPT QUC GIA LN 1 NM 2017

TNH THANH HA Mn: KHOA HC T NHIN HA HC

THPT H TRUNG Thi gian lm bi: 50 pht, khng k thi gian pht

( thi c 40 cu / 4 trang)
M : 132
Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t :
H =1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S =32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52;
Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Ag = 108; Ba=137.

Cu 1: Dung dch mui X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, thu c kt ta mu xanh. Mui X l:
A. MgSO4 B. FeSO4 C. CuSO4 D. Fe2(SO4)3.
Cu 2: Kim loi no sau y c khi lng ring nh nht ?
A. Li B. Cs C. Na D. K
Cu 3: Hp cht no sau y cng hp c vi nc Br 2 ?
A. Anilin. B. metyl fomat C. glucoz D. triolein
Cu 4: X l mt l -amino axit c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N. Cng thc cu to ca X l:
A. H2NCH(CH3)COOH B. H2NCH2CH2COOH C. H2NCH2COOCH3 D. CH2=CHCOONH4
Cu 5: Kim loi no sau y khng tc dng c vi dung dch FeCl 3 ?
A. Ag B. Fe C. Cu D. Ca
Cu 6: Nhng thanh Ni ln lt vo cc dung dch: FeCl3, CuCl2, AgNO3, HCl v FeCl2. S trng
hp xy ra n mn in ha l:
A. 3 B. 4 C. 2 D. 1
Cu 7: un nng m1 gam este X (C4H8O2) vi dung dch NaOH va , thu c m 2 gam mui. Bit
rng m1 < m2, tn gi ca X l:
A. isopropyl fomat B. metyl propionat C. etyl axetat D. propyl fomat
Cu 8: iu khng nh no sau y l sai ?
A. Trong mt ong cha nhiu fructoz v glucoz.
B. Saccaroz cho c phn ng thy phn trong mi trng axit.
C. Dng dung dch AgNO3/NH3, un nng nhn bit glucoz v saccaroz.
D. Saccaroz c to bi mt gc -glucoz v -fructoz.
Cu 9: Cho hn hp gm 18,56 gam Fe 3O4 v 7,68 gam Cu vo 600 ml dung dch HCl 1M, kt thc
phn ng thu c dung dch X v cn li x gam rn khng tan. Gi tr ca x l:
A. 2,88 gam B. 2,56 gam C. 4,04 gam D. 3,84 gam
Cu 10: Cho hn hp gm Ba (2a mol) v Al 2O3 (3a mol) vo nc d, thu c 0,08 mol kh H 2 v
cn li m gam rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 8,16 gam B. 4,08 gam C. 6,24 gam D. 3,12 gam
Cu 11: T nilon-6,6 c tnh dai bn, mm mi ng mt, t thm nc, git mau kh nhng km
bn vi nhit, vi axit v kim. T nilon-6,6 c iu ch t phn ng trng ngng gia ?
A. axit terephatlic v etylen glicol. B. axit -aminocaproic v axit aipic.
C. hexametyleniamin v axit aipic. D. axit -aminoenantoic v etylen glycol
Cu 12: Mnh khng ng l:
A. Este no, n chc, mch h c cng thc tng qut l CnH2nO2 (n 2).
B. Thng thng cc este th lng, nh hn nc v rt t tan trong nc.
C. Thy phn este trong mi trng axit lun thu c axit cacboxylic v ancol.
D. t chy mt este no, n chc, mch h thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol 1 : 1.
Cu 13: Mt lng ln nc thi cng nghip cha qua x l trc tip ra sng sui l nguyn
nhn chnh gy nhim ngun nc ti nhiu khu vc hin nay. x l s b mu nc thi cha
cc ion Pb2+, Fe3+, Cu2+ , Hg2+ ngi ta c th dng ?
A. H2SO4 B. NaCl C. Ca(OH)2 D. HCl

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Cu 14: Pht biu no sau y l sai ?
A. Lin kt CONH gia hai n v -amino axit gi l lin kt peptit.
B. Cc peptit u cho phn ng mu biure.
C. Cc peptit u b thy phn trong mi trng axit hoc mi trng kim.
D. Cc peptit thng th rn, c nhit nng chy cao v d tan trong nc.
Cu 15: un nng 4,05 gam este X (C10H10O2) cn dng 35 gam dung dch KOH 8%, c cn dung
dch sau phn ng, thu c m gam mui. Gi tr m l:
A. 38,60 gam B. 6,40 gam C. 5,60 gam D. 5,95 gam
Cu 16: un nng 121,5 gam xenluloz vi dung dch HNO 3 c trong H 2SO4 c (dng d), thu
c x gam xenluloz trinitrat. Gi tr ca x l:
A. 222,75 gam B. 186,75 gam C. 176,25 D. 129,75
Cu 17: Th nghim no sau y khng to ra n cht ?
A. Cho bt nhm vo dung dch NaOH. B. Cho bt Cu vo dung dch AgNO 3.
C. Cho Na vo dung dch FeCl 2. D. Cho dung dch FeCl 3 vo dung dch AgNO 3.
Cu 18: Cp cht no sau y u thuc loi polime tng hp ?
A. poli(metylmetacrylat) v amiloz. B. t visco v t olon.
C. t xenluloz axetat v t lapsan. D. poli(vinylclorua) v t nilon-6,6.
Cu 19: Phn ng no sau y l ng ?
0
A. H2N-CH2-COONa + HCl (d)
t
H2N-CH2-COOH + NaCl
0
B. CH3COOCH2C6H5 + 2NaOH
t
CH3COONa + C6H5CH2ONa + H2O
0
C. CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO + Br2 + H2O
t
CH2OH[CHOH]4COOH + HBr.
0
D. ClH3N-CH2-COOH + NaOH (d) t
ClH3N-CH2-COONa + H2O
Cu 20: Cho cc dung dch sau: HCl, Na2CO3, AgNO3, Na2SO4, NaOH v KHSO4. S dung dch tc
dng c vi dung dch Fe(NO3)2 l:
A. 4 B. 3 C. 6 D. 5
Cu 21: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Propan-2-amin l amin bc 1.
B. HOOC-[CH2]2-CH(NH2)-COOH c tn bn h thng l axit -aminoglutamic.
C. (CH3)2CH-NH-CH3 c tn thay th l N-meyl-propan-2-amin.
D. Triolein c cng thc phn t l C57H106O6.
Cu 22: Ln men m gam tinh bt thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 75%. Lng CO 2
sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2, thu c 60,0 gam kt ta v dung dch X.
tc dng ti a vi dung dch X cn dng dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH. Gi tr ca m l.
A. 108,0 gam B. 86,4 gam C. 75,6 gam D. 97,2 gam
Cu 23: Cho dung dch mui X vo dung dch mui Y, thu c kt ta Z. Cho Z vo dung dch
H2SO4 (long, d), thy thot ra kh khng mu; ng thi thu c kt ta T. X v Y ln lt l.
A. NaHSO4 v Ba(HCO3)2. B. Ba(HCO3)2 v Ba(OH)2.
C. Na2CO3 v BaCl2. D. FeCl2 v AgNO3.
Cu 24: Cho CrO3 vo dung dch NaOH (dng d) thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch H2SO4 d
vo X, thu c dung dch Y. Nhn nh no sau y l sai?
A. dung dch X c mu da cam.
B. dung dch Y c mu da cam.
C. dung dch X c mu vng.
D. dung dch Y oxi ha c Fe2+ trong dung dch thnh Fe3+.
Cu 25: Cho 23,44 gam hn hp gm phenyl axetat v etyl benzoat tc dng va vi 200 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam rn khan. Gi tr m l.
A. 25,20 gam B. 29,52 gam C. 27,44 gam D. 29,60 gam
Cu 26: Nung nng 19,52 gam hn hp gm Al v Cr 2O3 trong iu kin khng c khng kh, sau mt
thi gian, thu c hn hp rn X. Ha tan ht X cn dng 600 ml dung dch HCl 1,6M thu c 0,18
mol kh H2 v dung dch Y. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo Y, thu c x gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l.

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 A. 72,00 gam B. 10,32 gam C. 6,88 gam D. 8,60 gam
Cu 27: Pht biu no sau y l khng ng khi ni v xenluloz?
A. Mi mc xch C6H10O5 c ba nhm OH t do, nn xenluloz c cng thc cu to l
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n.
B. Xenluloz tc dng c vi HNO 3 c trong H2SO4 c thu c xenluloz trinitrat c dng
lm thuc sng.
C. Xenluloz c cu to bi cc gc -glucoz lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt -1,4-glicozit.
D. Phn t xenluloz khng phn nhnh m xon li thnh hnh l xo.
Cu 28: Tin hnh in phn dung dch cha NaCl v 0,15 mol Cu(NO 3)2 bng in cc tr, mng
ngn xp vi cng dng in khng i I = 5A trong thi gian 6562 giy th dng in phn, thy
khi lng dung dch gim 15,11gam. Dung dch sau in phn ha tan ti a m gam bt Fe, phn ng
to ra kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5). Gi tr m l.
A. 2,80 gam B. 4,20 gam C. 3,36 gam D. 5,04 gam
Cu 29: un nng triglyxerit X vi dung dch NaOH va , thu c dung dch Y cha 2 mui natri
ca axit stearic v oleic. Chia Y lm 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 lm mt mu va dung dch cha
0,12 mol Br2. Phn 2 em c cn thu c 54,84 gam mui. Khi lng phn t ca X l.
A. 886 B. 888 C. 884 D. 890
Cu 30: Ha tan ht 12,48 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3 trong dung dch cha 0,74 mol
HNO3 (dng d), thu c 0,08 mol kh X v dung dch Y. Dung dch Y ha tan ti a x gam bt Cu.
Bit kh NO l sn phm kh duy nht ca c qu trnh v cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca x
l.
A. 17,28 gam B. 9,60 gam C. 8,64 gam D. 11,52 gam
Cu 31: Pht biu no sau y l ng:
A. Tt c cc polime tng hp u c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng.
B. Tt c cc polime u khng tc dng vi axit hay baz.
C. Protein l mt loi polime thin nhin.
D. Cao su buna-S c cha lu hunh trong phn t.
Cu 32: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Gang l hp kim ca st c cha t 0,01 2% khi lng cacbon.
(b) Nc cng l nc cha nhiu ion Ca2+ v Mg2+.
(c) Cho t t dung dch HCl vo dung dch K2CrO4 thy dung dch t mu vng chuyn sang mu da
cam
(d) Hn hp gm Al v Fe3O4 dng hn ng ray.
(e) Nc kh c cng thc l CO2 (rn), khng nng chy m thng hoa nn c dng to mi
trng lnh v kh rt tin cho vic bo qun thc phm.
S pht biu sai l
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 1.
Cu 33: Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH. B. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
C. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH. D. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
Cu 34: Cc cht trong dy no sau y khi tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d u to ra sn phm
l kt ta:
A. fructoz, anehit axetic, amilopectin, xenluloz. B. ivinyl, glucoz, metyl fomat, amiloz.
C. glucoz, metyl fomat, saccaroz, anehit axetic. D. vinylaxetilen, glucoz, metyl fomiat,
axetanehit.
Cu 35: Este hai chc, mch h X c cng thc phn t C6H6O4 v khng tham gia phn ng trng bc.
X c to thnh t ancol Y v axit cacboxyl Z. Y khng phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng; khi
un Y vi H2SO4 c 170oC khng to ra anken. Nhn xt no sau y ng
A. Cht X c mch cacbon phn nhnh.
B. Cht Z khng tham gia phn ng trng bc.

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 C. Cht Y c nhit si cao hn ancol etylic.
D. Phn t cht Z c s nguyn t hiro bng s nguyn t oxi.
Cu 36: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C3H4O4 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH un nng
0
theo s phn ng sau : X + 2NaOH t
Y + Z + H2O. Bit Z l mt ancol khng c kh nng
tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng. iu khng nh no sau y l ng ?
A. X c cng thc cu to l HCOO-CH2-COOH.
B. X cha hai nhm OH.
C. Y c cng thc phn t l C2O4Na2.
D. un nng Z vi H2SO4 c 1700C thu c anken.
Cu 37: Cho 8,96 gam bt Fe vo bnh cha 200 ml dung dch NaNO 3 0,4M v H2SO4 0,9M. Sau khi
kt thc cc phn ng, thm tip lng d dung dch Ba(OH) 2 vo bnh (khng c mt oxi), thu c
m gam rn khng tan. Bit kh NO l sn phm kh duy nht ca NO 3-. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 55,66 gam B. 54,54 gam C. 56,34 gam D. 56,68 gam.

Cu 38: in phn dung dch X gm FeCl2 v NaCl (t l mol tng ng l 1 : 2) vi in cc tr mng

ngn xp thu c dung dch Y cha hai cht tan, bit khi lng dung dch X ln hn khi lng dch
Y l 4,54 gam. Dung dch Y ha tan ti a 0,54 gam Al. Mt khc dung dch X tc dng vi lng d
dung dch AgNO3 thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr m l
A. 14,35. B. 17,59. C. 17,22. D. 20,46.
Cu 39: Ha tan ht m gam hn hp X gm Mg, MgO, Mg(HCO3)2, MgSO3 bng mt lng va
dung dch H2SO4 30%, thu c 11,2 lt (ktc) hn hp kh Y v dung dch Z c nng 36%. T khi
ca Y so vi He bng 8. C cn Z c 72 gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 20. B. 10. C. 15. D. 25.
Cu 40: Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm hn hp X cha mt oxit st, 0,02 mol Cr2O3 v 0,04 mol Al
sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp cht rn Y. Chia Y thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tc dng vi
H2SO4 c nng d thu c 0,896 lt SO2 (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht). Phn 2 tc dng va 250
ml dung dch HCl 1M thu c dung dch Z v 0,336 lt H2 (ktc), dung dch Z tc dng ti a x mol
NaOH thu c 6,6 gam hn hp kt ta. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca x l:
A. 0,27. B. 0,3. C. 0,28. D. 0,25.

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 PHN TCH HNG DN GII
THI TH THPT H TRUNG THANH HA LN 1
Cu 1: Chn C.
A. MgSO4 + 2NaOH
Mg(OH)2 trng + Na2SO4
B. FeSO4 + 2NaOH
Fe(OH)2 trng xanh + Na2SO4
C. CuSO4 + 2NaOH
Cu(OH)2 xanh lam + Na2SO4
D. Fe2(SO4)3 + 3NaOH Fe(OH)3 nu + Na2SO4
Cu 2: Chn A.
- Trong dy cc kim loi kim th khi lng ring tng dn theo th t: Li < Na < K < Rb < Cs.
Cu 3: Chn D.
- Phn ng cng l mt phn ng ca cht hu c, trong hai (hay nhiu hn) phn t kt hp vi nhau
to thnh mt phn t ln hn.
+ Anilin tham gia phn ng th Br 2 trn vng thm
+ Metyl fomat, glucoz b oxi ha bi dung dch Br 2.
+ Triolein tham gia phn ng cng Br 2 vo ni i C=C ca gc axit oleic.
Cu 4: Chn A.
Cu 5: Chn A.
- Cc kim loi phn ng vi Fe 3+ tun theo quy tc l:
Fe + FeCl3 FeCl2 Cu + 2FeCl3 2FeCl2 + CuCl2
- Cc kim loi c tnh kh mnh nh Ca th khng tun theo quy tc m phn ng nh sau:
2Fe(OH)3 + 3CaCl2 + H2
3Ca + 4H2O + 2FeCl3
Cu 6: Chn C.
iu kin xy ra n mn in ha l: (3 iu kin bt buc)
(1) C cc cp in cc khc nhau v bn cht, c th l kim loi kim loi, kim loi phi kim. Kim
loi hot ng mnh hn ng vai tr cc m v b n mn.
(2) Cc cp in cc phi tip xc trc tip hoc gin tip vi nhau thng qua dy dn.
(3) Cc in cc phi cng tip xc vi mt dung dch cht in li.
- Cho Ni vo dung dch FeCl 3: Khng tha mn iu kin (1).
CuCl2, AgNO3, HCl v FeCl 2
- Cho Ni vo dung dch CuCl 2: Tha mn.
- Cho Ni vo dung dch AgNO 3: Tha mn.
- Cho Ni vo dung dch HCl v FeCl 2: Khng tha mn iu kin (1).
Cu 7: Chn B.
0
- Phn ng: RCOOR(m1) + NaOH t
RCOONa (m2) + ROH
- Nhn thy rng m1 < m2 tc l MNa > MR nn gc R < 23 l gc CH3 tha mn yu bi .
Vy X l C 2 H 5COOCH 3 (metyl propionat).
Cu 8: Chn D.
A. ng, Trong mt ong cha nhiu fructoz v glucoz nhng hm lng fructoz chim nhiu hn s
vi glucoz.
B. ng, Thy phn saccaroz trong mi trng axit thu c glucoz v fructoz.
C. ng, Gucoz cho phn ng trng bc cn saccaroz th khng tham gia phn ng.
D. Sai, Trong phn t saccaoz gc glucoz v gc fructoz lin kt vi nhau qua nguyn t oxi
gia C1 ca glucoz v C2 ca fructoz (C1 O C2).
Cu 9: Chn C.
- Phn ng: Fe3O 4 8HCl Cu 3FeCl 2 CuCl 2 4H 2O
mol: 0,08 0,6 0,12

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 d: 0,005 0 0,045
m rn khng tan 232n Fe3O4 (d) 64n Cu(d) 4,04(g)
Cu 10: Chn B.
-Phn ng: Ba Al 2 O3 H 2 O
Ba(AlO 2 )2 H 2
mol: 2a 3a 0,08 (Al 2O3 d : a mol)

n Ba n H2 a 0,04 mol m 0,04.M Al2O3 (d) 102a 4,08(g)

BT:e

Cu 11: Chn C.
- T Nilon6,6: ng trng ngng axit aipic v hexametyleniamin:
o
t
nH OOC[CH 2 ]4 COOH (X3 ) nNH 2[CH 2 ]6 NH 2 (X 4 ) ( NH[CH 2 ]6 NHCO[CH 2 ]4 CO ) n 2nH 2O
axit aipic hexametyleniamin poli(hexametylen-aipamit) hay t nilon 6,6
Cu 12: Chn C.
- Thy phn cc este c dng sau y khng thu c ancol l:
H SO

2
RCOOCH=CH-R + H2O
4
RCOOH + R-CH2-CHO

o
t
H SO

2
RCOOC(CH3)=CH-R + H2O
4
RCOOH + R-CH2-CO-CH3

o
t
H 2SO 4

RCOOC6H5-R + H2O RCOOH + R-C6H5OH (-C6H5: phenyl)

o
t
Cu 13: Chn C.
- x l nc thi c cha cc ion kim loi nng nh Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe3+,... ngi ta s dng dung dch
kim, khi phn ng s xy ra v hnh thnh cc kt ta hiroxit ca kim loi nng, t ta lc b kt
ta i.
- L do s dng Ca(OH)2 m khng s dng KOH hoc NaOH v Ca(OH)2 gi thnh r (mua CaO ngoi
th trng sau cho tc dng vi H2O thu c Ca(OH)2), d s dng v ph bin hn so vi KOH
(NaOH)
Cu 14: Chn B.
- Cc peptit c t hai lin kt peptit tr ln (tc l tripeptit) mi tham gia phn ng mu biure.
Cu 15: Chn B.
- X tc dng vi KOH th: RCOOC 6 H 4 R' 2KOH
RCOOK KOC 6H 4R' H 2O
0,025mol 0,05mol 0,025mol

BTKL
m mui m X 56n KOH 18n H2O 6, 4(g)
Cu 16: Chn A.
H SO
- Phn ng: C 6 H 7O2 (OH)3 3HONO2
2 4
C 6 H 7O2 (ONO2 )3 3H 2O
0,75mol 0,75mol

mC 6H7O2 (ONO2 )3 0,75.297 222,75(g)

Cu 17: Chn D.
A. 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O
2NaAlO2 + 3H2
B. Cu + 2AgNO3
Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
C. 2Na + FeCl2 + 2H2O
2NaCl + Fe(OH)2 + H2
D. FeCl3 + 3AgNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + 3AgCl
Cu 18: Chn D.
Cu 19: Chn C.
0
A. H2N-CH2-COONa + HCl (d)
t
ClH3N-CH2-COOH + NaCl
0
B. CH3COOCH2C6H5 + NaOH
t
CH3COONa + C6H5CH2OH

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 0
D. ClH3N-CH2-COOH + 2NaOH (d) t
H2N-CH2-COONa + NaCl + 2H2O
Cu 20: Chn D.
(1) 3Fe2 4H NO3
3Fe3 NO 2H2O
(2) Fe(NO3 ) 2 Na 2CO3
FeCO3 2NaNO3
(3) Fe(NO3 ) 2 AgNO3
Fe(NO3 )3 Ag
(4) Fe(NO3 ) 2 2NaOH
Fe(OH) 2 2NaNO3
(5) 3Fe2 4H NO3
3Fe3 NO H2O
Vy c 5 dung dch tc dng c vi Fe(NO3)2 l HCl, Na2CO3, AgNO3, NaOH v KHSO4.
Cu 21: Chn A
A. ng, Cu to ca propan-2-amin: CH3-CH(NH2)-CH3 y l amin bc 1.
B. Sai, HOOC-[CH2]2-CH(NH2)-COOH c tn bn h thng l axit -aminoglutaric.
C. Sai, (CH3)2CH-NH-CH3 c tn thay th l N-metylpropan-2-amin.
Lu : Khi gi tn mt hp cht hu c gia ch v ch s khng c du - ; gia s v ch s c
du - ; gia s v s s c du , .
D. Sai, Triolein c cng thc phn t l C 57H104O6.

Cu 22: Chn B
- Cho CO2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2
CaCO3: 0,6 mol v Ca(HCO3)2.
- Cho NaOH tc dng ti a th: Ca(HCO3)2 + 2NaOH CaCO3 + Na2CO3 + 2H2O
0,1 0,2
BT: C n 8
n CO2 n CaCO3 2n Ca(HCO3 )2 0,8 mol ntinh bt = CO 2 mol mtinh bt = 86, 4 (g)
2H% 15

Cu 23: Chn C
- Cc phn ng xy ra:
A. 2NaHSO4 (X) + Ba(HCO3)2 (Y) BaSO4 (Z) + Na2SO4 + 2CO2 + 2H2O
BaSO4 (Z) + H2SO4 : khng xy ra phn ng
B. Ba(HCO3)2 (X) + Ba(OH)2 (Y)
2BaCO3 (Z) + 2H2O
BaCO3 (Z) + H2SO4 BaSO4 + CO2 + H2O
Lu : Y l dung dch mui do p n B khng tha mn.
C. Na2CO3 (X) + BaCl2 (Y)
BaCO3 (Z) + 2NaCl
BaCO3 (Z) + H2SO4
BaSO4 + CO2 + H2O
D. FeCl2 (X) + AgNO3 (Y) Fe(NO3)3 + AgCl + Ag
AgCl v Ag khng tc dng vi H2SO4

Cu 24: Chn A

- Ta c cn bng sau: ,
Cr2O72- + H2O
2CrO42- + 2H+

mu vng mu da cam
CrO3 + 2NaOHd
Na2CrO4 + H2O (dung dch X c mu vng)
2Na2CrO4 + H2SO4 d
Na2Cr2O7 + Na2SO4 + H2O (dung dch Y c mu da cam)

Cu 25: Chn A

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 CH 3COOC 6 H 5 : x mol 2x y n NaOH 0, 2 x 0, 04
- t:
C 6 H 5COOC 2 H 5 : y mol 136x 150y 23, 44 y 0,12
CH 3COONa : 0, 04 mol C 6H 5ONa : 0, 04 mol
- Hn hp rn khan gm: mrn = 25, 2 (g)
C 6 H 5COONa : 0,12 mol

Cu 26: Chn B
H 2 :0,18 mol
t0 HCl
Al,Cr2 O3 Al, Al 2 O3 ,Cr,Cr2 O3
Al 3 ,Cr 3 ,Cr 2 ,Cl
NaOH
NaAlO 2 , NaCrO 2 Cr(OH) 2
19,52(g) 19,52 (g) rn X dung dch Y dung dch sau p x(g)
- Khi cho hn hp rn X tc dng vi dung dch cha 0,96 mol HCl th :
BT:H n HCl 2n H2 nH O
n H2O 0,3mol n Cr2O3 2 0,1mol
2 3
m 152n Cr2O3
+ Xt hn hp rn ban u ta c: n Al rn 0,16 mol
27
BT:e 3n Al 2n H2
- Xt qu trnh nhit nhm ta c: n Cr2O3 (p) 0,06 mol
2
- Khi cho dung dch Y tc dng vi NaOH d th: m 86n Cr(OH)2 2.86.n Cr2O3 (p) 10,32(g)

Cu 27: Chn D
A. ng, mi mc xch C6H10O5 c ba nhm OH t do, nn xenluloz c cng thc cu to l
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n.
B. ng, C6H7O2(OH)3 + 3HNO3 H 2SO 4
C6H7O2(ONO2)3 (xenluloz trinitrat) + 3H 2O
Lu : Xenluloz trinitrat cn c gi l thuc n khng khi.
C. ng, Xenluloz c cu to bi cc gc -glucoz lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt -1,4-
glicozit.
D. Sai, phn t xenluloz c mch khng phn nhnh v khng xon. Xenluloz l cht rn mu
trng hnh si, khng mu khng mi khng v, khng tan trong nc ngay c khi un nng, khng tan
trong cc dung mi hu c k c cc dung mi thng thng nh ete, benzen.

Cu 28: Chn B
It
- Ta c n e (trao i) 0,34 mol
96500
- Cc qu trnh in phn din ra nh sau :

Ti catot Ti anot
Cu2+ + 2e Cu 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
0,15 mol 0,3 mol 0,15 mol 2x mol 2x mol 2x mol
2H2O + 2e 2OH- + H2 H2O 4H+ + O2 + 4e
0,04 mol 0,04 mol 0,02 4y mol y mol 4y mol
mol

- Xt khi lng gim sau in phn ta c:

BT:e
2n Cl 2 4n O 2 n e trao i 2x 4y 0,34 x 0,1mol

71n Cl 2 32n O 2 m dd gim 64n Cu 2n H 2 71x 32y 5, 47 y 0,06 mol
- Dung dch sau in phn cha: Na +, H+ : 0,2 mol v NO3-: 0,3 mol.

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- Khi cho dung dch sau in phn tc dng vi Fe d th:
3Fe 8H 2NO3
3Fe 2 2NO 4H 2O
0,075mol 0,2 mol

m Fe b ha tan 0,075.56 4,2(g)

Cu 29: Chn A
n Br2
- Gi s triglixerit X c c to thnh t 2 axit oleic v 1 axit stearic th: n E 0,06 mol
2
- Xt hn hp mui c: 304n C17H33COONa 306n C17H35COONa m mui 304.0,06.2 306.0,06 54,84(g)
- Ta nhn thy biu thc trn hon ton chnh xc nn gi s ban u l ng.
- Vy X l (C17H33COO)2C3H5(OOCC17H35), suy ra M X 886

Cu 30: Chn C
- Quy i hn hp rn thnh Fe v O. Khi cho rn tc dng vi 0,74 mol HNO 3 th:
56n Fe 16n O m hn hp
56n Fe 16n O 12, 48
n Fe 0,18mol
BT:e BT:e

3n Fe 2n O 3n NO
3n Fe 2n O 0,24 n O 0,15mol
- p dng bo ton e ton qu trnh. Khi cho dung dch tc dng vi lng d Cu th :

n NO HNO34 O 0,11mol n Cu(b hon tan)

n 2n 3 n NO 2n O 2n Fe
0,135 mol m Cu 8,64 (g)
2
Cu 31: Chn C.
A. Sai, Cc polime tng hp c th c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng hoc trng hp. Ly v d:
trng hp vinyl clorua

B. Sai, Poli(vinyl axetat) (PVA) tc dng vi dung dch NaOH hay cao su thin nhin tc dng vi HCl:

C. ng, Protein l mt loi polime thin nhin c trong t tm, lng cu, len.
D. Sai, Trong cu trc ca cao su buna S khng c cha lu hunh.
xt,t o ,p
nCH 2 CH CH CH 2 nCH 2 CH C 6 H 5
[ CH 2 CH CH CH 2 CH 2 CH(C 6 H 5 ) ]
Buta 1,3ien Stiren Poli (butaien stiren) Cao su Buna S

Cu 32: Chn A.

(a) Sai, Gang l hp kim ca Fe vi C trong c cha t 2 5% khi lng Cacbon ngoi ra cn 1
lng nh cc nguyn t Si, Mn, S

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(b) ng, Nc cng l nc cha nhiu ion Ca2+ v Mg2+.
(c) Sai, Cho t t dung dch HCl vo dung dch K2CrO4 dung dch t mu vng chuyn sang mu lc
14HCl + K2Cr2O7 2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O
(d) Sai, Bt nhm trn vi bt st(III) oxit (bt tecmit) c dng hn ng ray bng phn ng nhit
0
nhm: 2Al + Fe2O3 t
Al2O3 + 2Fe
(e) ng. Nc kh c nhng u im c bit i cho cng dng lm lnh v bo qun nh:
- Nc kh lnh hn (-78,5 C) nn bo qun c lu hn.
- Nc kh rt sch khi s dng v CO2 ch thng hoa thnh dng kh ch khng b tan thnh nc.
- Nc kh khi thng hoa (thnh dng kh) th to thnh mt lp kh CO2 bao bc thc phm lm c
ch nhiu loi vi sinh vt gip thc phm ti lu v c mi v t nhin.
Ngoi ra nc kh cn c ng dng nhiu trong cc ngnh cng nghip khc nh lm sch, lm
nhin liu h thng tr trong mt s loi my bay. Hoc cng c th to ra cc sn phm iu khc ngh
thut.
Vy c 3 pht biu sai l (a), (c) v (d).
Cu 33: Chn C.
nh ngha: Nhit si ca cc hp cht hu c l nhit m ti p sut hi bo ha trn b mt
cht lng bng p sut kh quyn.
Cc yu t nh hng n nhit si:
- Phn t khi: nu nh khng xt n nhng yu t khc, cht phn t khi cng ln th nhit si
cng cao.
- Lin kt Hiro: nu hai cht c phn t khi xp x nhau th cht no c lin kt hiro s c nhit
si cao hn.
- Cu to phn t: nu mch cng phn nhnh th nhit si cng thp.
Dy sp xp nhit si gim dn ca cc hp cht c nhm chc khc nhau v phn t khi xp x
nhau:
Axit > ancol > amin > este > xeton > anehit > dn xut halogen > ete > CxHy
Vy dy sp xp ng l: C 2 H 6 CH 3CHO C 2 H 5OH CH 3COOH
Cu 34: Chn D.
Nhng cht tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3:
Ank-1-in (ankin c lin kt ba u mch): Phn ng th H bng ion kim loi Ag:
- Phng trnh: RCCH + AgNO 3 + NH3
RCCAg + NH4NO3
- c bit: CHCH (axetilen) + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 AgCCAg + 2NH4NO3
Andehit (phn ng trng gng): Trong phn ng ny andehit ng vai tr l cht kh:
- Phng trnh: R-(CHO)x + 2xAgNO3 + 3xNH3 + xH2O
R(COONH4)x + 2xAg + 2xNH4NO3
- c bit: HCHO (anehit fomic) + 4AgNO3 + 6NH3 + 2H2O (NH4)2CO3 + 4Ag + 4NH4NO3
Cc hp cht khc:
- Axit fomic: HCOOH; Este ca axit fomic: HCOOR; Glucoz,Fructoz: C6H12O6; Mantoz:
C12H22O11
Vy nhng cht to kt ta vi AgNO3/NH3 l:
Vinyl axetilen Glucoz, Fructoz Metyl fomat Axetanehit, Anehit axetic ivinyl
CHCCH=CH2 C6H12O6 HCOOCH3 CH3CHO CHCCCH

Cu 35: Chn B.
- Este X, mch h, 2 chc c cng thc phn t l C6H6O4 ng vi 4 2COO 2CC
- Ancol Y khng phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng v khi un vi H2SO4 c 170oC khng to
ra anken Y l CH3OH.

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Vy este X c to ra t axit khng no, mch h 2 chc, c l lin kt CC v CH3OH.
H SO

2
HOOCC CCOOH (Z) 2CH 3OH (Y)
4
H 3COOCC CCOOCH 3 (X) 2H 2O
o
t
A. Sai, Trong X c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh.
B. ng.
C. Sai, Cht Y c nhit si thp hn C2H5OH.
D. Sai, Phn t cht Z c 2 nguyn t hiro v 4 nguyn t oxi.
Cu 36: Chn C.
o
t
- Phn ng: HOOC-COOCH3 (X) + 2NaOH NaOOC-COONa (Y) + CH3OH (Z) + H2O
A. Sai, X c cng thc cu to l HOOC-COOCH3.
B. Sai, X cha nhm COO v COOH.
C. ng, Y c cng thc phn t l C2O4Na2.
D. Sai, un nng CH3OH vi H2SO4 c 1700C thu c 1 ete l CH3OCH3.
Cu 37: Chn B.
- Khi cho 0,16 mol Fe tc dng vi dung dch hn hp gm 0,08 mol NaNO 3 v 0,18 mol H2SO4 ta
c cc qu trnh phn ng xy ra nh sau:
S oxi ha S kh
Fe 2 2e
Fe NO3 4H 3e
NO 2H 2O
0,08mol 0,36 mol 0,24 mol 0,08mol

2H 2e
H2
0,04 mol 0,04 mol 0,02 mol

3n NO 2n H2

BT:e
n Fe2 0,14 mol
2
- Khi cho dung dch thu c tc dng vi lng d dung dch Ba(OH) 2 th:
n Fe(OH)2 n Fe2 0,14 mol v n BaSO4 0,18mol m 90n Fe(OH)2 233n BaSO4 54,54(g)
Cu 38: Chn D.
- Xt trng hp dung dch Y cha 2 cht tan l NaOH v NaCl. Qu trnh in phn din ra nh sau :
Ti catot: Ti Anot:
2+
Fe + 2e Fe 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
x 2x x (2x + 2y) (x + y) (2x + 2y)
2H2O + 2e 2OH- + H2
2y 2y y
3
- T phng trnh: Al 3H 2O NaOH Na[Al(OH) 4 ] H 2 suy ra
2
n OH n Al 0,02 y 0,01 mol
- Khi lng dung dch gim: 56x 71n Cl2 2n H 2 4,54 x 0, 03 mol
BT: e
FeCl2 :0, 03mol AgNO3 n Ag n FeCl2 0, 03
- Hn hp X: m =
NaCl :0, 06 mol BT: Cl
n AgCl 2n FeCl2 n NaCl 0,12

20, 46 gam
Cu 39: Chn A.
Mg, MgO 0,5 mol kh Y (M Y 32)
- Qu trnh: X H 2SO 4
Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 , MgSO 3 dd 30%
c cn
dd Z (36%) MgSO 4 : 0, 6 mol
58,8
- Ta c: n H 2SO4 n MgSO4 0, 6 mol m H 2SO4 58,8 gam m dd H 2SO4 196 gam
0,3

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 120n MgSO 4
C% 36% m 200 m dd H 2SO 4 m kh 20 gam
m m dd H 2SO 4 m kh
Cu 40: Chn C.
t0
P1 H 2SO 4 SO2 : 0,04 mol
0,02mol 0,04mol
0
t
- Qu trnh: Fe x O y , Cr2O3 , Al Y H 2 : 0,015 mol
P2 HCl
dung dch Z NaOH kt ta
X
0,25mol x mol 6,6 gam

BT:H n HCl 2n H 2 BT:O

- Xt P2 ta c: n H 2O 0,11 mol n O(Y) n O(X) n H 2O 0,11 mol
2
- Xt P1 : quy i hn hp Y thnh : Al : 0,02 mol; Cr : 0,02 mol ; O : 0,11 mol v Fe.
BT:e 2n O 2n SO2 3n Cr 3n Al

n Fe 0, 06 mol
3
Fe 2 :x mol 2 Al3 : 0, 02 mol
Cr : y mol
+ Dung dch Z: ; v
3
Fe3 :(0,06 x) mol
BT : Fe BT:Cr
Cr :(0, 02 y) mol Cl : 0, 25mol
90n Fe(OH)2 107n Fe(OH)3 86n Cr(OH)2 6, 6 -17x 86 y 0,18 x 0, 04
BTDT (Z)
2n Fe2 3n Fe3 2n Cr 2 3n Cr3 3n Al3 n Cl x y 0, 05 y 0, 01
(V dung dch Z phn ng ti a vi NaOH nn kt ta Cr(OH)3 tan ht).
- Hng t duy 1:
+ Ta c: nNaOH ti a = x = 2n Fe2 3n Fe3 2n Cr 2 4n Cr 3 4n Al3 0, 28mol
- Hng t duy 2:
+ Dung dch sau cng cha: n NaCrO2 0,01mol; n NaAlO2 0,02mol v n NaCl 0, 25mol
BT:Na

n NaOH n NaCrO2 n NaAlO2 n NaCl 0, 28mol

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