Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
04/03/2017
Some people think that developing countries need financial help from international
organizations. Others think that it is practical aid and advice that is needed. Discuss these
views and give your own opinion.
Advocates of granting developing countries financial help may argue that this form of support
is essential for the construction of infrastructure, a task that often requires a substantial
amount of investment. From my perspective, this argument is flawed. Developing countries,
as a norm, have to sacrifice many of their national interests to be eligible for international
funding. A clear illustration of this is that the Vietnamese government had to remove a quota
on Japanese cars in exchange for the Japanese governments approval of funding for two
major agricultural projects in the Red River Delta. As there are many other methods of calling
for investment that do not often require countries to forego their interests, such as using the
build-operate-transfer model of project financing, I argue that international financial support
is unnecessary.
I am firmly convinced that non-financial assistance from the international community has a
pivotal role to play in the developing world. This is because sustainable development
necessitates the building of a strong workforce and the acquisition of technology, neither of
which can be provided solely by financial help. In reality, many forms of technical assistance
have been offered to developing countries, including knowledge sharing and the transfer of
technological innovations. There are many success stories of less-developed nations receiving
this type of support, as can be seen in the classic case of basmati rice production in Indonesia.
In the late 1990s, a group of Indian plant geneticists and agricultural specialists was deployed
in Indonesia to share their expertise with and to transfer the mass-production technology of
this variety of rice to their Indonesian counterparts. The enormous and long-lasting success
of the basmati rice industry in Indonesia in the following two decades has proven that
international technical support is essential for lower-income countries to develop sustainably.
From the issues outlined above, one may conclude it is practical assistance, not financial
support, that is crucial for developing nations to thrive in the long term. I predict that practical
aid and advice will be at the core of international support in the future.
USEFUL VOCABULARY:
Advocate (n): ngi ng h
Sacrifice something for something else (collocation): hy sinh 1 th v 1 th khc
Forego (v): t b
Mass-production (n): sn xut hang lot
2
18/03/2017
Some people think that governments should ban dangerous sports, while others think
people should have freedom to do any sports or activity. Discuss both views and give your
own opinion.
The media commonly provide a barrage of news about dangerous sports, because the deaths
and injuries associated with them often make for spectacular headlines. As a result, some
people have claimed that all extreme sports should be banned, although I would argue that
such a policy would be out of all proportion to the real risks involved.
Those in favour of prohibiting people from taking part in dangerous sports tend to focus on
the risk element. Even when individuals may be physically and mentally prepared to
participate in extreme sports activities, and even when they have all the right equipment, the
dangers are ever-present. For example, few sports are as challenging and fraught with
danger as BASE jumping. Participants hurl themselves off cliffs or tall buildings, and few
escape without suffering severe bruising or acute abdominal pains which normally last for
several days. In addition, although sports equipment rarely malfunctions, this may still
happen and the consequences may be fatal - such as a BASE jumper's parachute failing to
deploy. The supporters of legislation to ban dangerous sports argue that such tragic outcomes
not only affect the individual victims, but also leave mental scars which their families then
have to live with for the rest of their lives.
However, I support the view of those who contend that participation in extreme sports must
be a matter of personal choice. Firstly, overcoming physical challenges may be a
springboard for positive personal transformation. It may make a person stronger and more
determined, and the experience may be a life-changing one. Secondly, the rigours of
preparation in order to take part in mountain-climbing, white-water rafting or other such
extremely strenuous activities demand that an individual is in peak health and physical
condition. Finally, there is an ethical aspect which dictates that a person should have the
freedom to pursue the challenges which they set themselves, even though this may involve a
level of risk that others might find unacceptable.
In conclusion, while acknowledging the real risks, I would defend the right of any individual
to take part in the extreme sport of their choice.
USEFUL VOCABULARY:
To be out of all proportion to (collocation): qu mnh mt cch khng cn thit
x l mt vic
Malfunction (v): gp trc trc khi hot ng
Tragic outcome (collocation): hu qu ti t
Mental scars (collocation): nh hng lu di v tm l
To be a springboard for something (collocation): o iu kin cho ci g din
ra
Strenuous (a): tn rt nhiu cng sc v s c gng
3
25/03/2017
The best way to solve world's environmental problems is increase the cost of fuel. Do you agree or
disagree and give your own opinion
Addressing environmental problems has long been of paramount importance to the sustainable
development of society. While acquiescing to the view that raising the price of fuel may help combat
the problem of global warming, I contend that this policy is far from being the best remedy to
ameliorate the deterioration of the environment in general.
I concede that making fuel more expensive is one way to slow down the increase in the overall
temperature of the atmosphere. This policy may discourage both individuals and businesses from
overconsuming fuel, thus diminishing the amount of traffic and industrial emissions, which constitute
a considerable source of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and CFCs. It is widely believed that
these gases trap heat in the atmosphere and cause global warming to occur. As a result, I agree that
increasing fuel price a sensible measure to adopt.
I would, on the other hand, argue that the aforementioned measure must not be considered a holistic
approach to environmental problems. This is because it has little effect on various environmental
degradation issues other than global warming, namely deforestation, overhunting and overfishing.
From my perspective, environmental problems can be better resolved through two actions. The first
is mass-producing domestic and industrial equipment using environmentally-friendly technology,
including solar cells and electric motor engines, which produce no carbon emissions. The second is
imposing stringent laws on the conservation and recovery of natural resources, which may help
mitigate a wide range of environmental problems, such as the depletion of biological resources.
In conclusion, while acknowledging the environmental benefits of increasing the cost of fuel, I would
claim that this is not the best way to ease the problem of environmental deterioration. There are more
effective solutions to address environmental problems at large, such as applying green technology to
the mass production of various kinds of equipment for both household and industrial use.
USEFUL VOCABULARY: