Contents

TOPIC 1: ENVIROMENT.............................................................................................................................................1
OUTLINE 1:...........................................................................................................................................................1
Vocabulary:.......................................................................................................................................................1
OUTLINE 2:...........................................................................................................................................................2
Vocabulary:.......................................................................................................................................................2
OUTLINE 3:...........................................................................................................................................................3
Vocabulary:.......................................................................................................................................................3
Tổng hợp vocabulary topic Enviroment:..............................................................................................................3

TOPIC 1: ENVIROMENT
OUTLINE 1:
Environmental protection should be the responsibility of politicians, not individuals as individuals can do too
little. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Some people think that politicians should be responsible for protecting the environment as there is nothing much
that individuals can do about this problem. In my opinion, the responsibility to protect the environment should not
fall upon politicians alone because ordinary citizens can make a significant contribution.

Firstly, politicians can urge the government to impose new laws against actions that damage the environment. For
instance, one of the major factors leading to environmental pollution is the overuse of plastic products, like bottles
and bags, and this can be stopped if the government issues an official ban on all companies from using plastic
packaging. In addition, the rate of deforestation can also be reduced if high-ranking bureaucrats agree to impose
strict punishments, such as long-term imprisonment and heavy fines, on those who cut down trees illegally.
However, besides introducing and enforcing new laws and regulations, I doubt that there is any further action that
politicians can take to protect the environment.

On the other hand, I believe that ordinary people, through small, everyday actions, can also greatly contribute to
protecting the environment. First, citizens in many countries, like the Netherlands, have now shifted towards
using bicycles and subway trains for their daily travel instead of cars, which has so far helped reduce a
tremendous amount of CO2 released into the air, and improved air quality. Second, the problem of polluted
oceans has also been tackled in many places thanks to groups of young people who voluntarily spend their time
cleaning up beaches, or even diving into water to pick up trash. For example, many students in Nha Trang, a
coastal city of Vietnam, spent nearly their whole summer holiday in 2018 keeping the beaches of their hometown
clean by collecting all the trash from tourists, and even banned Chinese people from entering certain areas to
prevent them from littering.

In conclusion, I hold the view that politicians alone cannot deal with all environmental problems, and therefore
individuals should also make a contribution to protecting our environment.

Vocabulary:
1. The responsibility falls upon something/someone: trách nhiệm đổ lên đầu ai hoặc cái gì đó
2. Impose new laws against something: ban hành luật chống lại việc gì đó
3. The overuse of plastic products: việc sử dụng quá nhiều sản phẩm nhựa
 4. Long-term imprisonment: việc bỏ tù dài hạn
5. Shift towards something: chuyển hướng sang việc gì đó
6. Dive into water to pick up trash: lặn xuống nước để nhặt rác
7. Issue an official ban on something: việc ban hành lệnh cấm cho việc gì đó.
8. One of the major factors leading to something: một trong các yếu tố dẫn đến vấn đề gì đó.
9. Make a significant contribution: đóng góp đáng kể
10. Reduce a tremendous amount of CO2: giảm lượng CO2 khổng lồ
11. Released into the air: thải vào không khí
12. Tackled in: giải quyết

OUTLINE 2:
Solving environment problems should be the responsibility of an international organization rather than each
national government. Do you agree or disagree?
People hold different views about how to cope with environment problems. While some people argue that it is the
duty of international organization, rather than a single country, to solve environment-related issues, I believe that
both parties/ sides should join hands in solving this problem.

On the one hand, many countries may share the same environmental concerns; however, they would stem from
various causes. Therefore, each nation should implement different policies and measures to address the problem.
For example, over-exploitation of natural resources and deforestation are identified as the biggest culprit for
desertification in the USA; whereas, the growing rate of desertified land in China has been mainly caused by rapid
urbanization. In addition, the priority environmental issue is also varied in each country, calling for different
approach and strategies to tackle the problem. To illustrate, in emerging economies such as Vietnam, reducing the
worrying level of air pollution from industrial activities is of highest priority.

On the other hand, the problems that each government is experiencing are indeed interconnected, hence,
concerted efforts by all nations are necessary. Thus, international organizations such as the United Nations play a
vital role in promoting and coordinate global action to reduce carbon footprint and curb the global warming
threat. Furthermore, wealthy countries should provide financial and technological support for poor nations in the
fight against green issues, since the detrimental effects of environmental problems could spread beyond national
borders. In other words, an international effort is needed to yield an efficient environment protection scheme.

In conclusion, while international organizations could exert huge impact on a global scale, the combination of
international and governmental efforts would have even more profound influences on the environment.

Vocabulary:
1. Share the same environmental concerns: cùng chia sẻ những mối lo ngại chung về môi trường
2. Stem from: xuất phát từ
3. Over-exploitatoin of natural resources: việc khai thác quá đà các tài nguyên thiên nhiên
4. Desertification: sa mạc hóa
5. The growng rate of desertified land: gia tăng tỉ lệ đất bị sa mạc hóa
6. Global action: hành động toàn cầu
7. Modern road infrastructure: cơ sở hạ tầng giao thông hiện đại
8. Car commuter: những người di chuyển bằng ô tô
9. Take up more space: chiếm nhiều không gian hơn
10. Cause road deterioraiton: gây ra việc xuống cấp đường xá
11. Road expansion: mở rộng đường
12. The financial burden: gánh nặng tài chính
OUTLINE 3:
Some people say that it is possible for a country to be both economically successful and have a clean
environment. Other disagree.Discuss both view and give your opinion
Sustainable development has gradually become a growing concern on a global scale. While some people believe
that balancing economic growth and environment protection is nearly impractical, I am more convinced of the
opposite views for the following reasons.

First, it is common for the society to be induced to think that economic progress is associated with pollutant
emission growth and depletable resource consumption. For instant, accelerating urbanization, despite an important
instrument for economic development, is one of the driving forces behind the loss of agricultural land. As a result,
not only natural habitats that are home to wildlife is endangered but also arable land is shrinking due to urban
expansion. In addition, exhaust emissions from manufacturing factories, consisting of harmful particles suspended
in the air as well as heavier materials that remain on the surface are contaminating the environment at an alarming
rate. The pursuit of high growth at all costs, for example of China - world’s second-largest economy could lead to
severe pollution.

On the other hand, I still hold a strong belief that the combination of economic and environment sustainability is
within our reach. In this era of high technology, scientists have developed multiple alternatives to replace
traditional sources of exploitation in many fields. The rise of renewable energy from wind, sunlight or ocean
waves would be the answer for escalating demand. What’s even more encouraging is the fact that many countries
are joining hands and pooling their resources to cut down industrial pollution. Commitment to protect the
environment and prioritize sustainable development over resource extraction would allow the economy to thrive
in the long run.

In short, even though achieving economic goals is of utmost importance, each nation should incorporate
environmental issues in the policy making process. Only then can human race exist in perfect harmony with
nature.

Vocabulary:
1. Sustainable development: phát triển bền vững
2. Balance economic growth and environment protection: cân bằng sự phát triển kinh tế và việc bảo vệ môi
trường
3. Pollutant emission growth: sự gia tăng khí thải gây ô nhiễm
4. Loss of agricultural land: sự mất dần đất nông nghiệp
5. Urban expansion: việc mở rộng đô thị