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Yield Criteria PDF
Yield Criteria PDF
Centre de Mise en Forme des Mat eriaux, CEMEF UMR CNRS 7635
Ecole des Mines de Paris, 06904 Sophia Antipolis, France
Spring, 2008
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Outline
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Tresca Criterion
Introduction
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Introduction
Yielding
For ductile material under simple tension, stress no longer
proportional to strain
Plastic (irreversible) deformation (permanent molecular
rearrangement) once a certain level of stress is reached
Highly material dependent
Fracture vs yield
Fracture
Driven by normal stresses, acting to separate one atomic plane
from another
Broken atomic bonds are not allowed to reform in new
positions
Yield
Driven by shear stresses, sliding one plane along another
Broken atomic bonds are allowed to reform in new positions
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Introduction
Yield criteria
Tresca Criterion
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Tresca Criterion
max = y
max min
where : max = 2
max and min are the maximum and minimum principal stresses
respectively
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Tresca Criterion
max min = y
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Tresca Criterion
|1 2 |
When 1 and 2 are of opposite sign : max = 2
The yield condition is given by :
1 2
|1 2 | = y or = 1
y y
|1 3 | |1 |
if |1 | > |2 | , max = = and |1 | = y
2 2
|2 3 | |2 |
if |1 | < |2 | , max = = and |2 | = y
2 2
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Tresca Criterion
Wd,max = Wd,y
Distortion/shear energy :
Part of the strain energy corresponds to volume-preserved shape
change
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Von Mises Criterion
1 h i1/2
(1 2 )2 + (2 3 )2 + (3 1 )2 = y
2
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Von Mises Criterion
1 h 2 2 2
i1/2
vm = (1 2 ) + (2 0) + (0 1 )
2
q
= 12 1 2 + 22
12 1 2 + 22 = y2
[Source : Wikipedia]
Failure Criteria for Yielding
Comparison and Example
1 Tresca criterion
t
0 = y pmax = y
r